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1、利用DNS实现名称解析概述n概要说明DNS的查询过程n安装”域名系统服务器”服务n为客户机配置名称解析功能n创建区域n配置区域n配置内部使用的DNSn集成DNS和DHCPn对DNS服务器进行维护和排错Multimedia: Basics of the Domain Name System (DNS)概要说明DNS的查询过程查询类型查询类型迭代查询DNS服务器根据它的高速缓存中或者区域中的数 据,返回它所能够提供的最佳答案.递归查询DNS服务器为查询提供完全的答案,在该过程中服 务器不提供指向其它服务器的指针.查找类型查找类型正向查询Requires name-to-address resolu
2、tion反向查询Requires address-to-name resolution安装”域名系统服务器”服务Networking ServicesTo add or remove a component, click the check box. A shaded box means that only part of the component will be installed. To see whats included in a component, click Details.Subcomponents of Networking Services:COM Internet Se
3、rvices Proxy0.0 MBDomain Name System (DNS)1.1 MBDynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)Internet Authentication ServiceQoS Admission Control ServiceSimple TCP/IP ServicesSite Server ILS Services0.0 MB0.0 MB0.0 MB0.0 MB1.6 MBDescription:Total disk space required:Space available on disk:0.9 MB1133.3
4、 MBDetails.OKCancelSets up a DNS server that answers query and update requests for DNS names.为客户计算机配置名称解析功能Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) PropertiesGeneralYou can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability. Otherwise, you need to ask your network administrator for th
5、e appropriate IP settings.Obtain an IP address automaticallyUse the following IP address:IP address:Subnet mask:Default gateway:192 . 168 . 2 . 15255 . 255 . 255 . 0192 . 168 . 1 . 2Use the following DNS server addresses:Preferred DNS server:Alternate DNS server:Obtain DNS server address automatical
6、lyAdvanced.OKCancelIP Address Can be Provided by a DHCP Server or Manually Configuredu创建区域n识别区域类型n检测区域类型n创建查找区域识别区域类型Standard ZonesPrimary ZoneSecondary ZoneChangeZone TransferActive Directory Integrated ZonesChangeChangeChangeZone Transfer检测区域类型资源记录包含在区域文件中lFQDNlIP addresslAliasZoneDNS ServerZone D
7、atabase File NS casablanca.africa1.nwtraders.msft. casablanca A 192.168.11.1 marrakech CNAME casablanca.africa1. nwtraders.msft. 1.11.168.192.in-addr.arpa. PTR casablanca.africa1.nwtraders.msft.RecordRecord创建查找区域Forward LookupDNS ServerIP address for nwtraders.msft?IP address for nwtraders.msft?IP a
8、ddress = 192.168.1.50IP address = 192.168.1.50Reverse LookupDNS ServerName for 192.168.1.50?Name for 192.168.1.50?Name = nwtraders.msftName = nwtraders.msftu配置区域n配置标准主区域n区域传输过程n配置区域传输n创建子域n配置活动目录集成区域配置标准主区域n你可以将标准主区域配置为标准主区域,标准辅助区域或者标 准主区域和标准辅助区域的任意组合.n你可以制定某个主控服务器或者另一个辅助服务器作为标准 辅助区域的主控DNS服务器.DNS Se
9、rver AA ADNS Server BB BSecondary Zone (Master DNS Server = DNS Server A)C CDNS Server CSecondary Zone (Master DNS Server = DNS Server A)Primary ZoneZone InformationLab A: Installing and Configuring the DNS Server Service 区域传输过程当以下情况发生时,区域传输过程即开始:l主控服务器向一个或者多个辅助服务器发出了有关 区域内容变化的通知时.l各个辅助服务器周期性的查询主控服务
10、器,以获取区 域文件的变化情况.DNS Server (Master)nwtraderstrainingsupportPrimary Zone Database FileSecondary Zone Database FileDNS ServerZone 1配置区域传输功能nwtraders.msft PropertiesWINSZone TransfersSecurityGeneralStart of Authority (SOA)Name ServersSerial number:28Primary server:Responsible person:admin.IncrementBrow
11、seBrowse15minutes10minutes1days0 :1 :0 :00 :1 :0 :0OKCancelRefresh interval:Retry interval:Expires after:Minimum default TTL:TTL for this record:ApplyOKCancelApplynwtraders.msft PropertiesGeneralStart of Authority (SOA)Name Servers WINSZone TransfersSecurityAllow zone transfersTo any serverOnly to s
12、ervers listed on the Name Servers tabOnly to the following serversIP address:To specify secondary servers to be notified of zone updates, click Notify.AddRemoveNotifyA zone transfer sends a copy of the zone to requesting servers.创建子域.edu.au.“ “.” .”.SubdomainSecond-Level DomainTop-Level DomainRootn通
13、过创建子域,更好读取对区域进行组织.n通过委托授权,你可以进行下许这些工作l在一个机构内,将对DNS域的管理委托给若干部门(即 子域)l委派在维护一个大型DNS数据库时发生的日常管理任 务.配置活动目录集成区域Active Directory nwtraders.msftDNS ServerActive Directory Integrated Zone活动目路集成区域数据可以:l作为活动目录对象存储.l作为域复制过程的组成部分被复制.配置内部使用的DNSn在两种情况下,你需要在你的Intranet中配置根区域:l你的Intranet没有连接到Internet.l你的公司通过某个代理连接到In
14、ternet上.If Your Company Is Not on the Internet, or Is Connected to the Internet Through a Proxy ServerProxy ServerPrivate N.“ “.” .”Root DomainRecords for com. delegate If Your Company Is on the Internet“.”Internet Root Domainorg.Private N. delegate .org. com. edu. au.u集成DNS和DHCPn动态更新概述n配置动态更新n保护动态
15、更新动态更新概述利用动态更新协议,客户计算机能够自动更新它们在 DNS上的资源记录.Computer1Request for IP addressRequest for IP address1 1Assign IP address Assign IP address of 192.168.120.133 of 192.168.120.1332 2Zone DatabaseZone DatabaseComputer1 192.168.120.133DHCP ServerDynamic UpdateDynamic UpdateDNS Server配置动态更新To Configure Dynamic Updates, You Must:To Configure Dynamic Updates, You Must:配置DNS服务器来启用动态更新配置DHCP服务器来动态更新DNS数据库配置基于win2000的客户机来动态更新DNS数 据库保护动态更新nwtraders.msft. PropertiesWINSZone TransfersSecurity GeneralStart of Authority (SOA)Name ServersStat
