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1、应用能力考试A级之 阅读理解主讲人：邓乐江阅读理解构成部分Task A多项选择题 Task BTask C 填空题Task D 匹配题Task E 简答题v英语应用能力A级考试主要测试以下 阅读技能：v了解语篇和段落的主旨和大意； v掌握语篇中的事实和主要情节；v理解语篇上下文的逻辑关系；v对句子和段落进行推理；v了解作者的目的、态度和观点；v根据上下文正确理解生词及其意思；v理解语篇的结论v进行信息转换主旨大意型事实细节型 词 义 猜 测 型命 题 类因此有关阅读理解题目主要 有以下几种:推 理 判 断 型1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Wh
2、ich of the following can summar- ise the main idea of this text? 3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea? 4)Which is the subject discussed in the text? 6)Whats the best title for this passage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:主旨大意题答题技巧v1.认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。v2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的 中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。v3.
3、文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。v例如：On the whole , in short, therefore I agree with the opinion thatGiven all these points above , I would support the idea that For all the reasons mentioned above ,I would prefer 如何寻找主题句Sample 1People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal u
4、nless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, Fre
5、nch fries and a soft drink. （1）主题句在段首 主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性 细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式 。 Sample 2Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method c
6、an be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. （2）主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。本 段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论 。 Sample 3Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the mo
7、dern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.（3）在短文中间 当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题 ， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引 申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发 展.returnPassage 1I
8、n spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for-eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asi
9、a, and General Motors is considered Australians biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能满足的）society.练习题细节题解释Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the para
10、graphA. GM is one of the largest car producers.B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.文章解释【解析】答案为C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb.
11、 sth. 的意思相似。 本段落以一、二句引出要表达的 主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈 述细节或继续论证。寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的 关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾 句、首尾句、段落中归纳分析)一般 都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。 文章文章中心是论点，事实细节是论 据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对 文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细 节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可 直接或间接在文章中找到答案。提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。事 实 细 节 型解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及 全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。1）Which of t
12、he following statements is true? 2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text? 3）The author ( or the passage) states that_. 4）According to the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)_?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特 定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：Example 1 One day a man walked into a pet shop and said
13、to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.”“What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised.“Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same
14、condition as I found it.”Q： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _.A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlordC. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects解析：他要搬出所租的房子，而房东要求房屋必须是他租进来时的原 样，所以他须买些老鼠和蟑螂等昆虫对房屋进行“恢复”，因此推出 答案为D。 Q1) _ calories are required to rai
15、se the temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90.A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does. B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does. C. An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does. D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.解释文章Passage2 T
