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1、专题十三 特殊句式（强调、倒装、省略、there be）一、强调句 定义：强调句是一种修辞方式，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感 而使用的一种形式。 强调方式主要有以下几种结构：类类型例句 用助动词动词 “do/does did动词动词 原形” 来强调谓语动词调谓语动词 。 He does know the place well. Do write to me when you get there. 用形容词词 very， only，single， such, last 等修饰饰名 词词或形容词词来加强 语语气。 The last thing she needed was more work.
2、Thats the very textbook we used last term. You are the only person here who can speak Chinese. How dare you buy such expensive jewels? 用倒装句（将要强 调调的句子或被强调调 的部分置于句首） 来加强语语气。On the table were some flowers. Many a time have I climbed that hill. 用强调调句型：“It is/was被 强调调的部分that/who原 句其他部分”。被强调调的部分 为为“人”时时用w
3、ho/that，否则则 都用that。 注意：被强调调部分不能是谓谓 语动词语动词 。 It was on Monday night that all this happened. Its me who he blamed. It was what you did that made me satisfied. It is I who/that am in charge of the factory. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介词词短语语可以表达更强 的语语气（常用于疑问问句)。Where in the world could he be? What on
4、earth is it?【考点一】考查not . until 结构的强调句，其结构为： It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。 【即学即练】 单项填空 It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that 答案：D【考点二】考查复合句中的强调句型 【即学即练】 单项填空 Was it _ h
5、e was seriously ill that he didnt come to school yesterday?A.although B. that C. because D. since _ he came back home that we knew what had happened. A. When it was B. It was when C. Was it when D. When was it 答案：C B【考点三】考查强调句的特殊疑问句 其结构是：疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他部分，但这类句型如出现 在宾语从句中，其结构为：疑问词+it+is/was+tha
6、t+其他部分。 Where was it that you met the Frenchman? 【即学即练】 单项填空 _ electricity plays an important part in our daily life? A. Why was it that B. Why is it that C. Why is it D. Why it is that 答案：B【难点一】正确判断强调句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 It was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class. Was it
7、in this palace _ the last emperor died? 解析：强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that /who 之后句子的某一成 分表示强调，如果把“It is (was).that”去掉，该句意思完整。题 如果去掉It was与横线部分，则成分不完整，the school gate 前应该 加上at才能作状语，才能构成强调句型，所以题为定语从句应填 where；题若去掉Was it与横线部分，句子完整，故应填that，为 强调句型。【难点二】强调句型与It is/was+时间+when/before从句；It be+ 时间+since从句；It be long.befo
8、re.等句型的区别。 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确 It was at midnight _ I got back home yesterday. It was midnight _ I got back home yesterday.It is two years _ I began to learn English. It may be many years_ the situation improves. 解析：通过分析题干可知，题是强调句型，被强调的是时间状语 ，空白处应填that；题以名词的方式来表示时间，其后从句是 when引导的定语从句；题表示“自从以来已有多久”，
9、用since 来引导；题用的是“It was+时间段+before从句”表示“过了多长时 间才”。 二、倒装句 定义：为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句， 颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。倒装 句分为三种： 完全倒装：指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。 部分倒装：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前 。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 形式倒装：在语法上又被称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容 提置句首，主谓并不倒装。 具体用法见下表：倒装类类型例句部分倒装Only in th
10、is way can you solve this problem. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 完全倒装Up went the rocket into the air. Such would be our home in the future. On top of the hill stands a tall tree. Here comes the bus. 形式倒装What an interesting talk
11、 they had! The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.【考点一】部分倒装 部分倒装主要有以下几种情况： (1)句首状语为否定词（组）或半否定词（组）的句子。这类词或短 语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few,
12、not, no等。 Little does he care about what I said. (2)only+状语放在句首，要部分倒装。注意，only修饰主语不倒装 。 Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (3)so/such.that结构中的so或such位于句首。 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. (4)“neither/nor助动词系动词情态动词主语”表示“某人或 某事亦非如此”； “so助动词系动词情态动词主语
13、”表示“某人或某事亦是如此 ”。注意：当陈述部分既有肯定又有否定或者谓语动词既有实义动 词又有助动词时，可用下面两个句型：It is the same with.或So it is with.。 Jack is a student and he studies hard. It is the same with Tom. “so主语助动词系动词情态动词”表示“某人或某事确实 如此”。 I reminded you not to forget the appointment. So you did. (5)if引导的虚拟条件句含有were, had，should时, 可省略if, 再把 were
14、, should或had移到从句句首。 Had you come earlier, you would have met him. (6)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。 May you succeed!【考点二】完全倒装 全部倒装即完全倒装有以下几种情况： (1)There be结构。另外，在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词 有：exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。 There exist different opinions on this question.(2)“Here/There/Now/Then+come (或be等)+主语
15、”结构。 本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而There be句型中there 本身没意义。 Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. There comes the bus. 此句型中的主语必须是名词。如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装 。 There she comes. (3)表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。但 主语是代词时用部分倒装。 In came Mr White. Away went the boy. Out she went. (4)表示地点的介词短语 (如:on the
16、 wall, under the tree, in front of the house等)放在句首时，要全部倒装。 On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man. (5)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。 Long live the Peoples Republic of China!(6)其他形式的完全倒装。 Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster. （形容词短语） East of
