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1、摘 要硫酸是重要的基础化工原料之一，是化学工业中最重要的产品,广泛用于各个工业部门。 在工业生产中，一般都采用二氧化硫催化氧化的方法制硫酸。根据使用催化剂的不同，硫酸的工业制法可分为硝化法和接触法。本设计以年产 6 万吨硫酸车间干吸工段工艺设计为例。采用两转两吸工艺，即炉气首先在干燥塔中干燥后，再进入转化工段，经一次转化后炉气进入第一吸收塔进行 SO3的吸收，吸收后气体中含有少量 SO2和残余的SO3，进入二次转化器后回到第二吸收塔进行吸收。设计具体过程包括工艺流程设计，工艺过程计算，主要设备工艺计算及选型，部分设备的平面布置几个部分。本次设计涉及的主要设备有干燥塔，吸收塔，换热器，填料塔等。
2、通过计算得到干燥塔冷却器换热面积为 160.12m2；中间吸收塔冷却器换热面积为 183.00 m2；最终吸收塔冷却器换热面积为96.00 m2。干燥塔塔高为 13.60m，塔径为 3.40m；中间吸收塔塔高为 11.40m，塔径为2.80m；最终吸收塔塔高为 11.40m，塔径为 2.80m。计算中对主要工序进了物料衡算，热量衡算，并据此绘制物料平衡表和热量平衡表。最后综合上述结果完成工艺说明书、安全备忘录、环境保护与治理建议。关键词：关键词：硫酸；干吸；两转两吸；工艺设计AbstractSulfuric acid is one of the most important basic che
3、mical materials and the most important product in chemical industry. Its used in many fields in our national economy. In industrial manufacture, we always produce sulfuric acid by oxidizing SO2 with the existence of catalyst. According to the different use of catalysts, ways of producing sulfuric ac
4、id in industrial manufacture can be classified into nitrification method and sulfurization method.This design mainly describes about the process of sulfuric acid production with the annual production capacity of 60,000 tons, The whole system adopts double conversion and double absorption flow. First
5、, the process gas enters drying tower to dry before conversion. The sulfur trioxide in the first conversion gas is absorbed in the inter pass absorption tower which contains little amount of the sulfur dioxide and residual sulfur trioxide. Then the gas is absorbed in the second absorption tower afte
6、r conversion in the second converter. The main process of this design including the flow process design, the calculation and selection of the main equipment, the layout of some equipment. The main equipment involved drying tower, absorption tower, heat exchange, pack tower and so on. The heat exchan
7、ge area of the drying tower is 160.12m2, the middle absorption tower 183.00 m2, the last absorption tower 96.00m2. The height of the drying tower is 13.60m, the middle absorption tower 11.40m, the last absorption tower 11.40m. The diameter of the drying tower is 3.40m, the middle absorption tower 2.
8、80m, the last absorption tower 2.80m.The design mainly calculated the mass balance and heat balance，and drew material balance table and heat balance in mainly production process. Finally, the process description, security memorandum, the proposal of environmental protection and management were compl
9、ete.Keywords: Sulfuric acid; Drying and absorption; Double conversion and double absorption; Technical design目 录摘 要.I Abstract.II 第 1 章 概述 .1 1.1 硫酸的性质 .11.1.1 硫酸的物理性质 .11.1.2 硫酸的化学性质 .11.2 硫酸的工业用途 .31.2.1 总括 .31.2.2 为农业生产服务 .31.2.3 为工业生产服务 .31.2.4 对解决人民“穿”与“用”等问题所起的作用 .41.2.5 对巩固国防方面所起的作用 .51.3 硫酸的生产方法 .51.3.1 接触法制造硫酸 .61.3.2 硝化法制造硫酸 .71.4 硫酸生产全工段工艺简介 .81.4.1 SO2气体的制取 .81.4.2 炉气的净化 .81.4.3 SO2气体的转化 .91.4.4 SO3气体的吸收 .101.4.5 尾气的处理 .101.5 两次吸收法生产硫酸的流程图 .111.6 流程说明 .121.6.1 干燥系统流程说明 .
