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1、国内图书分类号: U445.7国际图书分类号: U624.2工学硕士学位论文既有公路桥梁状况评价及维修策略硕 士 研 究 生： 项敬辉导师： 王宗林教授申请学位级别： 工学硕士学 科 、 专 业： 桥梁与隧道工程所 在 单 位： 交通科学与工程学院答 辩 日 期： 2008 年 6 月授予学位单位： 哈尔滨工业大学Classified Index:U445.7U.D.C. : U624.2Dissertation for the Masters Degree in EngineeringEVALUATION AND MAINTENANCESTRATEGIESOF EXISTING BRIDGE
2、SCandidate：Supervisor：Academic Degree Applied for：Specialty： Affiliation：Date of Defence：Degree-Conferring-Institution：Xiang JinghuiProf. Wang ZonglinMaster of EngineeringBridge and Tunnel Engineering School of Transportation Science and Engineering June, 2008Harbin Institute of Technology哈尔滨工业大学工学硕
3、士学位论文摘要既有公路桥梁长期在自然环境和使用环境的作用下，技术状况会出现逐渐退化的趋势。目前桥梁病害现象日益严重和普遍，桥梁的养护维修已经引 起世界各国的关注，而可以用于维修加固桥梁的资金却非常有限，这就需要 对既有桥梁的技术状况进行准确的评价和预测，从而制定相应的维修策略。 本文针对我国公路桥梁养护管理的现状，以省级范围的既有公路桥梁养 护管理决策问题为研究对象，根据桥梁定期检测的数据，首先对桥梁技术状 况的评价和预测模型进行研究，在此基础上建立桥梁的年度养护需求和中长 期维修策略。 论文研究的关键问题是：基于桥梁外观缺损的技术状况评价及预测和桥 梁养护维修策略。 在桥梁技术状况评价方面，
4、研究了以桥梁缺损状况为主的技术状况评价 方法，基于层次分析法建立桥梁评价的递阶层次模型。参考规范及专家经验 对底层指标进行评语量化，最后根据综合评价模型进行评价。 在桥梁技术状况预测方面，根据桥梁桥梁管理部门储备的桥梁数据资料 较少的弱点，采用灰色系统来预测桥梁的技术状况，该模型利用桥梁综合评 估结果值来作为预测模型的初始值，并原始数据进行适当的处理变换来得到 较高的预测精度。 根据桥梁的评价及预测模型，可以确定年度内需要进行养护的桥梁数 目，并对各个项目进行综合比较和优先排序，最终确定各年度的维修项目。 另外，在桥梁预防性养护小修的前提下，对工程进行经济效益分析，运用工 程经济分析法分析确定
5、桥梁的大、中修维修方案，从而制定某一桥梁的中长 期养护维修策略。关键词 桥梁病害；综合评价；维修策略；灰色预测；层次分析-I-哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文AbstractThe existing bridges will gradually wear down under the circumstances ofthe natural environment and applied environment. Recently, bridge deterioration is an irreversible process. The maintenance strategy have earn
6、ed world-wide attention. In order to keep pace with the growing demand of deteriorating bridges with financial resources, decision makers have to evaluate and predict the bridgecondition exactly. Based on this, optimum repair can be made. Acoording to the present situation of maintenance management
7、of China bridges, the maintenance management decision problems of bridges in province region are regarded as the study objects. Under the regular detection, first do research on the evaluation and prediction models, then the optimal decision is made on annual maintenance demands and long-term repair
8、. The key problems as follows are studied in the thesis: one is evaluation and prediction of bridges situation based on diseases; the other is the optimization decision of bridge maintenance. Bridge condition synthesis evaluation model based on analytic hierarchy process is established. Consulting c
9、riterion and experts experience, the grade standards of bottom indexes are listed. At last, evaluate the bridge condition using the synthesis evaluation. The bridge datum is few in bridge management department, The dissertation presents grey theory to predict bridge condition. The model uses the res
10、ult of synthesis evaluation as the initial values, changing them properly in order to get higher precision. According to the bridge evaluation and preditiction models, decision makers can confirm how many bridges should be repaired. Then compare every subjects to establish the maintenance strategies
11、. In addition, under the bridge preventive maintenance, the paper build the optimum long-term repair strategies through analyzing economic benefit of the project by engineering economic method.Keywords bridge deterioration; synthesis evaluation; maintenance strategies; grey preditiction; analytic hierarchy process- II -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文目录摘要 . I Abstract . II第 1 章 绪论 .1 1.1 课题背景及研究意义 .1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .2 1.3 论文的主要内容 .4 1.4 本章小节 .4 第 2 章 桥梁检查及常见病害 .5 2.1 引言 .5 2.2 桥梁检查 .5 2.2.1 检查的目的及意义 .5 2.2.2 检查的分类及周期 .5 2.2.3 检测方法 .6 2.3 混凝土桥梁结构的典型病害 .7 2.3.1 桥面系 .8 2.3.2 上部结构 .
