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1、摘 要重新鉴定是鉴定出现错误后采取的一种程序救济权利，其有助于司法机关查明案件事实，还可以维护当事人的合法权益等等。我国刑事诉讼有关法律、司法解释等关于重新鉴定规定不多，很多规定得很笼统、不明确，可操作性不是很强。我国现行重新鉴定规定存在种种形形色色的缺陷，2012 年的刑事诉讼法修改及随之出台的司法解释等也没有具体明确规定重新鉴定的一些重要问题，重新鉴定规定存在的不足没有得到较好的解决。在刑事司法实践中，例如，重新鉴定的启动、重新鉴定意见的可靠性判断、重新鉴定中的回避等，这些问题至关重要，但由于缺乏明确规定，在实践中难以把握，以致造成重新鉴定的运行比较混乱。重新鉴定的不规范、存在的问题，一是
2、当事人申请或者公检法机关直接启动了太多的重新鉴定，导致多次重新鉴定；一是因职权机关为提高办案效率，达到诉讼高效之目的，不当限制合理的重新鉴定，合法不合理地剥夺诉讼当事人的重新鉴定权。重新鉴定存在缺陷的成因复杂，要解决其问题应从重新鉴定的现状出发，分析重新鉴定的合理性及其存在不足的原因，进而提出完善我国刑事诉讼重新鉴定的构想。本文分为三个部分，第一部分从保证鉴定意见的准确性、维护当事人合法权益、程序正当要求、鉴定人责任心、帮助心理释疑五个方面，分析重新鉴定在刑事诉讼中的合理性；第二部分就重新鉴定在我国刑事诉讼活动中所处的现状进行评析，这部分从目前我国刑事诉讼中有关重新鉴定的启动、鉴定主体资质水平
3、、鉴定程序、鉴定意见的质证、当事人权利滥用五个方面进行论述；论文的最后一部分对我国刑事诉讼的重新鉴定提出几点完善设想，从完善重新鉴定的启动、有关鉴定管理措施、提高程序的透明度、提高鉴定人及专家辅助人出庭力度、把准重新鉴定诉求本意、加大鉴定人责任追究力度、重新鉴定原鉴定主体的回避七个方面进行阐述。通过该分析、研究，以期能够对重新鉴定的完善及规范运行有所裨益。关键词：刑事诉讼；重新鉴定；鉴定意见AbstractRequalification is a program of relief right after the identification of errors to take their h
4、elp to identify the facts of the case the judiciary, but also to safeguard the legitimate interests of the parties and so on. Criminal proceedings relating to legal, judicial interpretation of the provisions on re-identification is not much, a lot of very general provisions, unclear, operability is
5、not strong. The existence of various kinds of defects in the current re-appraisal of the provisions, the Code of Criminal Procedure in 2012 and subsequent modifications, such as the introduction of judicial interpretation has not clearly specified number of important issues re-identification of the
6、deficiencies requalification requirements have not been a better solution. In the criminal justice practice, for example, re-appraisal of the start, re-determine the reliability of expert opinion, re-identification of avoidance and other crucial issues, but the lack of clearly defined, in practice,
7、difficult to grasp, resulting in re-identification The run is a bit confusing. Requalification is not standardized, there is a problem, one party or the public security organs started directly apply too much re-identification, resulting in multiple requalification; First, because of terms of office
8、for the purpose of improving the work efficiency, to achieve high efficiency of the litigation, undue restrictions requalification reasonable, legitimate unreasonably deprive litigants of the right to re-identification. Causes of re-identification of complex defects, to solve their problems should b
9、e re-appraisal of the current situation, analyze the reasons for their lack of rationality exists requalification, and then proposed the idea to improve the re-identification of Criminal Procedure.This article is divided into three parts, the first part of the expert opinion from guarantee the accur
10、acy, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, due process requirements, identification of human responsibility, to help the heart doubts five aspects, analysis re-identification in criminal proceedings is reasonable; second part of the re-identification of the status quo in whic
11、h the conduct of criminal proceedings in the assessment, this section starts from the current re-appraisal of the relevant criminal proceedings, identify the main qualification level, identification procedures, expert opinion of cross-examination, five party rights abuse be discussed; papers last pa
12、rt of re-identification of criminal proceedings to make a few sound ideas, starting from complete requalification relevant appraisal management measures to improve the transparency of the process, improve the identification of people, and experts who appear efforts, the prospective re-identification
13、 demands intended to increase accountability efforts appraiser, subject to re-identify the original identification of seven areas to avoid elaborate. Through this analysis, research, in order to be able to improve and standardize operating requalification benefit.Key words: criminal procedure; re-ap
14、praisal; Expert opinion论我国刑事诉讼中的重新鉴定目 录摘 要Abstract引 言1一、刑事诉讼中重新鉴定的合理性分析2（一）重新鉴定有利于保证鉴定意见的准确性2（二）重新鉴定有利于维护当事人的合法权益3（三）重新鉴定有利于提高鉴定人的责任心3（四）重新鉴定符合程序正当的要求4（五）重新鉴定是帮助当事人心理释疑的需要4二、我国刑事诉讼中重新鉴定的现状评析4（一）我国刑事诉讼中启动重新鉴定的规定存有缺陷41、重新鉴定的启动主体多元化52、重新鉴定的启动条件未明确规定53、重新鉴定缺乏鉴定次数规定5（二）鉴定主体的资质水平限制61、鉴定主体准入门槛低62、鉴定人员的技术水平
15、具有局限性63、鉴定资源配置存在不足6（三）鉴定程序不公开、不透明7（四）对鉴定意见的质证、认证流于形式7（五）当事人滥用重新鉴定申请权7三、完善我国刑事诉讼中的重新鉴定的几点设想8（一）完善重新鉴定的启动规定81、合理配置重新鉴定的启动权82、完善重新鉴定的启动条件93、重新鉴定的次数限制10（二）完善有关鉴定管理措施10海南大学硕士学位论文I1、严格重新鉴定的鉴定管理102、明确规定重新鉴定机构的资质条件113、建立权威的司法鉴定机构11（三）提高重新鉴定程序的透明性，建立前置听证程序12（四）提高鉴定人和专家辅助人出庭质证的力度13（五）把准当事人的重新鉴定诉求本意14（六）加大鉴定人专家责任的追究力度141、民事责任
