《论我国民事诉讼中诚信原则的确立》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《论我国民事诉讼中诚信原则的确立（49页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 I摘摘 要要 诚信原则是市场经济的一项基本道德法则，也是现代法治社会的一项基本法律原则，在民法中被称为“帝王条款” 。诚信原则本属于道德规范，为适应社会急速变化和发展，被引入私法领域，成为现代民法的重要指导原则。诚实信用作为来源于道德的法律原则，对于我们理解法律与道德的关系及其转化机制有重要的启示作用。诞生于私法实体法中的诚信原则进入作为公法程序法的民事诉讼法并作为其基本原则，为我们研究实体法与程序法提供了一个新的视角。并且将该原则引入我国民事诉讼法，对于完善我国的民事诉讼原则体系与理论体系也具有重大的理论意义。在我国民事司法实践中，一方面，法院滥用自由裁量权，忽视当事人程序主体地位和权利，
2、造成司法不公和司法腐败；另一方面，当事人滥用诉讼权利，规避诉讼义务，滥诉，伪证现象不断增多，引起诉讼的人为复杂化和诉讼的拖延，甚至造成法院误判，影响司法公正。针对司法实践中存在的上述弊端，本文建议将诚信原则引入我国民事诉讼领域，并确立为民事诉讼法一项基本原则，这对重新构建我国的民事诉讼制度，规制上述现象，以实现诉讼公正，树立司法权威，无疑具有一定的实践意义。本文分为四部分，第一部分从分析诚信原则的涵义入手，然后述说该原则在民法上确立和由私法向公法原则变迁的发展过程，探究了诚信原则的历史演变过程，第二部分从道德与法律规范相互作用，实体法与程序法交互运用，诉讼观念转变我国民事诉讼的运行现状等四方面
3、阐释了该原则在民事诉讼领域确立的必要性，第三部分论述了其在民事诉讼中确立的现实基础，最后部分探讨了我国民事诉讼法确立诚信原则的具体构想。以期对完善我国民事诉讼理论、立法和实践有所裨益。 关键词：关键词：民事诉讼； 基本原则； 诚实信用； 规制措施 IIABSTRACT The honest reputation principle“Good Faith ” , is a basic morals rule of market economy. And its a basic law principle of modern rule of law society, called “the imp
4、erial article ” in the civil law. This principle originally belongs to morals norm, but in order to adapt to the rapid variety and the development of society, its introduced into the private law realm, and became the tallest guidelines of modern civil law. Along with the changes of times, litigation
5、 idea, litigation , and the social activities, its adjusted realm and applicable scope is expanding continuously. So Good Faith was introduced into the public law realm. In modern times, more and more nations of the world admit its existence value in the code of civil procedures, which acts to be a
6、basic principle in court law making and applying. In our country, the fulfillment of judicatory in civil case, on one hand, the court abuse the judicative power freely, and neglect the chief position and the right of litigant, which leads the judicatory unjust or even leads judicatory corruption. On
7、e the other hand, the litigant abuse of action right, evades litigation obligation, abuse to accuse, and the perjury phenomenon increased. All these cause the burden of court increased, the action become artificially complicated, then delayed. Or even, it results in court miscarriage of justice, inf
8、luences the justice of judicatory. Aiming at the above-mentioned shorts of the judicatory fulfillment, this paper, suggests that the honest reputation principle should be introduced into our countrys civil litigation realm, and established as a basic principle of the code of civil procedures, which
9、certainly have some realistic significant in reconstructing the civil law system of our country, standardizing the phenomenon mentioned above. By doing so, the justice of action would be achieved, and the authority of judicatory will be established. This paper includes four parts. The first part beg
10、ins with the analysis of the connotation of Good Faith, then narrates its establishment on the code of civil procedures and the processes how a private law changed into the civil public principle. It also studies the historical evolution processes of this principle. The second part illustrates its n
11、ecesity in the civil litigation realm from the following four aspects: (a) From the mutual interaction of morals and law. (b) From the mutual application of the substantive law and the procedure law. (c) From the changes of litigation idea. (d)From our country civil action movement present situation
12、.The third part discusses its necessity and feasibility in the establishment of civil litigation. The last part studies its form at the law making expression in civil litigation and its concrete application in the related law system principles. Therefore, a gross construct of law making is IIIpropos
13、ed, with expecting that this suggestion have some benefit to perfect our countrys civil law theories, legislature as well as its fulfillment. Key Words: Civil action; Basic principle; Good Faith; Rules and regulations 1引 言 诚信原则本属于道德规范范畴，为适应社会的急速变化和发展，被引入私法领域。随着时代的变迁，诚信原则的适用范围不仅适用于契约的订立、履行和解释，而且最终扩及于
14、一切权利的行使和一切义务的履行，成为民法的基本原则。诚信原则被奉为现代民法重要的指导原则，学者谓之“帝王条款” 。诚信原则，将道德与法律融为一体，具有法律调解器和道德调解器的双重功能，使法律获得更大的伦理性和弹性。现今，包括我国在内的大多数国家，已经将诚信原则确立为民法的基本原则。从道德规范到法律规范，从私法到公法，从民事实体法到民事诉讼法，诚信原则的调整领域和适用范围不断拓展和日益扩大，充分显示其长盛不衰的生命活力。把诚信原则引入民事诉讼法领域，乃是诉讼观念、诉讼本身和社会生活发生变化所需。当今世界越来越多的国家在民事诉讼立法与实践中承认诚实信用作为民事诉讼法基本原则的存在价值。 诚实信用作
15、为来源于道德的法律原则，其在法律领域的适用范围日益扩大，对于我们理解法律与道德的关系及其转化机制有重要的启示作用。诞生于私法实体法中的诚信原则进入作为公法程序法的民事诉讼法并作为其基本原则，为我们研究实体法与程序法提供了一个新的视角。并且将该原则引入我国民事诉讼法，对于完善我国的民事诉讼原则体系与理论体系也具有重大的理论意义。在民事司法实践中，一方面，法院滥用自由裁量权，忽视当事人程序主体地位和权利，造成司法不公乃至司法腐败而日益成为公众关注的社会问题；另一方面，一些当事人滥用诉讼权利，规避诉讼义务，滥诉、伪证现象不断增多，致使法院负担增加，引起诉讼人为复杂化和拖延诉讼，甚至造成法院误判，进而
16、影响诉讼公正和损及司法权威。鉴于此，民事实体法领域中的诚信原则引入我国民事诉讼领域，并确立为民事诉讼法一项基本原则，对重新构建我国的民事诉讼制度，对上述现象进行规制，以实现诉讼的公正，无疑有十分重要的理论和实践意义。 民事诉讼法中能否确立诚信原则，在国外的民事诉讼法学理论上的争论早已存在。争论以“真实义务是道德义务还是法律义务”为起点，形成针锋相对的两种学说，即肯定说和否定说。否定说以巴哈、卢森贝克等为代表，立足于民事诉讼的自由主义，对将诚信原则引入民事诉讼法给予坚决否定。肯定说以德国著名学者赫尔维希为代表，立足于民事诉讼的职权因素，认为诚信原则支配民事诉讼法实与支配一切法域相同。1933 年修正后的德国民事诉讼法第 138 条第 4 款规定： “当事人关于事实上状况，应完全真实陈述之。 ”修正后的立法规定标志着肯定说的胜利。其后，尽管多数学者主张应当将诚信原则确立为民事诉讼法的一 梁慧星.民法总论M.北京：法律出版社，2001：260261. 2项基本原
