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1、语法复习十九：冠语法复习十九：冠 词词按住 ctrl 键 点击查看更多高考复习资源（一）考纲要求（一）考纲要求 考纲规定，冠词考查基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词，不定冠词 a 与 an 的区别；不 用冠词的情况；习语中的冠词；特指与泛指等。 （二）命题导向（二）命题导向冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。 （三）基本用法（三）基本用法 当代语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。冠词是一种虚 词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词
2、（或名词化的形容词分词）前面， 说明其所指的人或物。 1、定冠词的基本用法：、定冠词的基本用法： 表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful. 用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Close the window, please. 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world 等。 用于表示方位的名词之前。如：the east, the right. 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：the first, the tallest. 用于形
3、容词之前，使其名词化。如：the sick, the wounded. 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the United States, the United Nation. 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake. 用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如：The Smiths 用于乐器的名词前。如：play the piano; play the violin. 发明物。如：The compass was invented in China. 年代名词前。如：He lived in th
4、e countryside in the 1970s. 固定词组中。如：in the morning(afternoon, evening), on the other hand , at the same time 2、不定冠词的基本用法：、不定冠词的基本用法： 泛指一个。如：There is a book on the table. 指人或事物的某一种类。如：His father is a driver. Longjing is a wonderful tea. 指某一个人或事物，但不具体说明。如：My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire.
5、用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。如：We have meals three times a day.（我们一天吃三餐。） 表示同样的。如：They are of an age.（他们是同岁。） 表数量，相当于 one,但语意较弱。如：There is a pen and two books on the desk. 使抽象名词具体化。如：The little girl is a help to her mother. （a hand 译“帮手“） 固定搭配。如：as a matter of fact , in a hurry, in a word 3、不用冠词的情况：、不
6、用冠词的情况： 表示总称的复数名词之前。如：Children love cartoons.（儿童喜欢卡通影片。） 不含普通名词的专有名词前。如：We are studying English. 名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如：I like this picture; I do not have any money; As time went on, Einsteins theory proved to be correct. 季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。如：She likes spring most. 呼语前不用冠词。如：What shall I do
7、next, Mother? 三餐饭前不用冠词。如：What did you have for lunch? 节假日前不用冠词。如：People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day. 球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如：She is fond of playing basketball. 在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如：arm in arm（手挽手）; hand in hand（手 牵手）; side by side（肩对肩）; day and day（日日夜夜）; young and old（老老少少）; from door to door（
8、挨门挨户）; from beginning to end（从头到尾）; from morning till night（从早 到晚）等。练习（一）、冠练习（一）、冠 词词 1. In America, _ car is _ popular means of transportation（交通设施）. A. the, theB. a, theC. the, /D. the, a 2. - What happened?- They left in such _ hurry that they forgot to lock _ door. A. a, aB. a, theC. /, theD. /,
9、 a 3. There were two small rooms in the house, _ smaller of which served as _ kitchen. A. a, theB. the, aC. the, theD. a, a 4. I ordered _ book some time ago. _ book has arrived. A. a, TheB. the, AC. a, AD. /, The 5. Mr Smith is _ European and his wife is _ American. A. an, anB. a, aC. a, anD. an, a
10、 6. Lesson 10 is _ most difficult lesson, but it isnt _ most difficult lesson in Book One. A. a, aB. a, theC. the, theD. the, a 7. My sister works in a factory. She goes home once _ month. A. aB. anC. theD. every 8. He was absent because he had caught _. A. heavy a coldB. the heavy coldC. a heavy co
11、ld D. heavy cold 9. _ water is _ liquid.A. The, aB. A, aC. /, /D. /, a 10. In winter _ people often hang up wet clothes near _ fire. A. /, /B. a, aC. /, aD. the, a 11. He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. A. aB. theC. anotherD. other 12. He was a top student in the class
12、, he often got _ in English. A. firstB. a firstC. secondD. the second 13. _ horse is _ useful animal.A. The, theB. The, aC. The, anD. /, a 14. Tom left Shanghai in _. A. the summer 1995B. summer 1995C. 1995 the summerD. the summer of 1995 15. _ children here live _ most happy life.A. The, theB. The,
13、 a C. The, /D. /, the 16. The soldier died during _ World War I.A. theB. the firstC. /D. a 17. In _ Marx began to learn Russian. A. a 1870B. 1870sC. the year of 1870D. the 1870s 18. Alice is _ of the two girls.A. tallerB. the tallC. more tallD. the taller 19. - Can your sister play _?- No, but she c
14、an play _. A. the tennis, the piano B. tennis, pianoC. the tennis, pianoD. tennis, the piano 20. The introduction is always in _ of a book. A. frontB. the frontC. a front D. instead 21. She touched her daughter gently _ shoulder. A. in herB. on herC. in theD. on the 22. Both _ wounded and _ sick wer
15、e sent to safety. A. /, /B. the, theC. /, theD. the, / 23. _ doctors and _ nurses should care for their patients. A. The, theB. /, /C. The, /D. /, the 24. Tell us the story as _ Mother told you. A. aB. theC. anD. / 25. Do you know how long _ has lived on the earth? A. manB. the manC. a manD. men 26. The man was once thrown into _ prison for robbing the bank. A. a B. an C. the D./ 27. _ Mount Tai is in the east of China.A. AB. TheC. /D. That 28. I like _ history. I am studying _ history of China. A. the, /B. /, theC. a, /D. /, a 29. He wrote a letter _ pencil.A. withB.
