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1、英语词汇学教程 （2004 年版）练习答案 【Chapter 1】 7 tart: loose woman bloke: fellow gat: pistol swell: great chicken: coward blue: fight smoky: police full: drunk dame: woman beaver: girl 8. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = befo
2、re quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave/ the sea bade = bid 12. Denizens Aliens Translation loans Semantic loans kettle die wall skirt husband confrere pro patria Wunderkind mikado parvenu chopstick typhoon black humour long time no see dream 【Chapter 2】 Ex.1The Indo-European Language Family i
3、s one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. A knowledge of the Indo-European Languag
4、e Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Indo-European Language Family Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic Roumanian Hindi Breton Spanish Greek English Lithuanian Persian Scottish French Swedish Prussian Irish Italian German Pol
5、ish Portuguese Norweigian Slavenian Icelandic Russian Danish Bulgarian Dutch 6.When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to whi
6、ch the laws of nature and of natures God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin. What are left are mostly functional words. This shows tha
7、t Greek and Latin play a very important part in the English vocabulary. 8. eventful Latin + English hydroplane Greek + Latin falsehood Latin + English pacifist Latin + Greek saxophone German + Greek heirloom French + English joss house Portuguese + English television Greek + Latin 9. amateur (late)
8、finac (late) empire (early) peace (E) courage (E) garage (L) judgement (E) chair (E) chaise (L)grace (E) servant (E) routine (L) jealous (E) savat (L) genre (L) gender (E) dbut (L) morale (L) state (E) chez (L) ballet (L) 11. allegro, f 轻快 andante, j 行板 diminuendo, g 渐弱 largo, d 缓慢 pianoforte, a 轻转慢
9、 alto, i 女低音 crescendo, b 渐强 forte, e 强 piano, h 轻 soprano, c 女高音 12. cherub (Hebrew) snorkel (G) coolie (Hindi) tulip (Turk) lasso (Sp) wok (Ch) shampoo (Indian) chocolate (Mex) tepee (Am Ind) jubilee (Gr)kibitz (G) Sabbath (Heb) chipmunk (Am Ind) tamale (Mex) cotton (Arab) voodoo (Afr) loot (Hindi
10、) sauerbraten (G) 13. a. alligator b. loco c. rodeo d. bonanza e. igloo f. blitzkrieg g. wigwam h. canoe i. hurricane j. boomerang k. panchos 【Chapter 3】 1. a. morpheme b. allomorph c. bound morpheme d. free morpheme e. affix f. informational affix g. derivational affix h. root i. stem j. base 3. in
11、dividualistic individualist + ic stem, base individual + ist stem, base individu + al stem, base in + dividu root, stem, base undesirables un + desirable stem, base desir + able root, stem, basefree morpheme = free root morpheme bound root bound morpheme inflectional affixaffix prefix derivational a
12、ffixsuffix 【Chapter 4】 Affixation 5. non-smoker incapable impractical disobey insecurity irrelevant immature inability/disability unofficially unwillingness illegal disagreement illogical disloyal inconvenient non-athletic 6. harden horrify modernize memorize falsify apologize deepen glorify sterili
13、ze lengthen intensify beautify fatten sympathize a. apologized b. beautify c. lengthening d. sympathized e. fatten f. falsify g. memorizing h. Sterilize 7. a. employee b. politician c. participant d. waitress e. conductor f. teacher g. pianist h. examinee/examiner 8. trans- = across: transcontinenta
14、l, trans-world mono- = one: monorail, monoculture super- = over, above: superstructure, supernatural auto- = self: autobiography, automobile sub- = bad, badly: malpractice, malnutrition mini- = little, small: minicrisis, miniwar pre- = before: prehistorical, preelection ex- = former: ex-teacher, ex-
15、filmer Compounding heartbeat S + V brainwashing V + O movie-goer place + V baking powder V +advfar- reaching V + Adv dog-tired adv + a lion-hearted adv + a love-sick adv + a boyfriend S + complement peace-loving V +O snap decision V + O easy chair a + n on-coming V +adv tax-free adv +a light-blue a
16、+ a goings-on V +adv 4. well-bred/well-behaved culture-bound/homebound needle work/homework praiseworthy/respectworthy bar-woman/sportswoman nation-wide/college-wide clear-minded/strong-minded military-style/newstyle self-control/self-respect budget-related/politics-related water-proof/fire-proof once-fashionable/once-powerful news-film/news-le
