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1、I摘 要注水井伤害是油层伤害的主要研究内容之一。注水井伤害研究的重点是评价注水井伤害程度和伤害范围。本文首先对造成注水井伤害的原因进行研究分析，对注水井从开钻到注水各过程的伤害机理逐一进行论述。区别于生产井的注水井伤害机理主要是注入水水质问题。本文对注水井注水过程造成的地层做了大致的论述：注入水与地层水不配伍、注入水与地层岩石不配伍。对注水井伤害评价的主要参数有表皮系数、渗透率、伤害半径。本文对两大参数如何在伤害过程中变化做了叙述，阐述了在伤害前后两大参数是如何变化的。最后本文对运用两种常用的注水井伤害建模方法进行注水井伤害建模：基于注水井伤害机理法、基于试井求表皮系数建模法。最后着重对注水井
2、伤害区渗透率呈指数情况建立数学模型，编制程序计算最终解出模型，求得给定真实表皮系数下的伤害半径。关键词：注水井；伤害范围；伤害程度、模拟计算IIAbstractInjector damage is the main research content of the formation damage. The emphasis of Injector damage diagnosis is to define the damage range and degree.Firstly,this article analyzed the origin of Injector damage and rel
3、ated the damage mechanisms from drilling to injection individually. Different from production well, the origin of injector damage include the quality of water injected: the water is match the fluid and formation.The main parameter to evaluate the damage range and degree are skin factor, penetration
4、and damage radius. The article described that how the three parameters change and affect the damage range and degree during the damage process.Then, the article described the two modeling methods used to evaluate damage range and degree: damage factor modeling and modeling base on skin factor. Lastl
5、y, for the purpose of obtaining the damage range and degree,the article specially modeled the situation that the permeability of damage zone varied as index form and programmed to calculate the model.Key words： Water Injector；Damage range；Damage degree；Mathematic simulation0目 录摘 要 .IAbstract .II1. 绪
6、论.11.1 毕业设计（论文）的背景及目的.11.2 国内外研究现状.21.2.1 注水井伤害来源和分类.21.2.2 注水井伤害评价参数.21.2.3 基础模型.31.2.4 应用模型.31.3 研究内容和技术路线.41.3.1 研究内容.41.3.2 技术步骤.42. 注水井伤害机理.62.1 钻井伤害.62.2 固井伤害.72.2.1 清洗液与隔离液.72.2.2 水泥浆.72.3 射孔伤害.72.4 砾石充填伤害.82.5 修井伤害.82.6 注入水伤害.82.6.1 注入水与储层流体不配伍.92.6.2 注入水中固体悬浮物堵塞地层.102.6.3 注入水与储层岩石不配伍.102.6.4 速敏性地层内部微粒运移堵塞地层.113. 注水井伤害的评价方法.133.1.1 储层的物性变化.133.1.2 储层的电性变化.
