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1、 1 / 10第一讲 名词性从句试一试：完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. （主语从句）A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. （宾语从句）A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school. （表语从句）A. what B. that C. why D. whether4
2、. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun. （同位语从句）A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move一名词性从句的概念： 一个句子在连接词的引导下，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。二名词性从句的功能： 相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。His job is important. (主语)What he does is important. (主语 ) This is his job. (表语)This is wha
3、t he does every day. (表语)I dont like his job. (宾语) I dont like what he does every day. (宾语) I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. (同位语)I dont know about the man, Mr. White. (同位语)得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。三引导名词性从句的连接词：1、连接代词：who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever,
4、 what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。操练 1：(1)_Who_ breaks the law should be punished.2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。操练 2：(1)Parents are thought to understand _how_ important education is to their childrens future.(2)The reason _why_ he was absent was that he was ill.3、连接词：that, wh
5、ether, if, as if, as though。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。操练 3： 2 / 10(1)I dont care about _whether_ you have money or not.(2)The problem is _that_ Tom is able to arrive on time.(3)It looks _as if_ it is going to rain.(4)The truth is _that_he didnt come for the concert.
6、(5)_That_ the earth is round is true.四名词性从句的类型：1. 主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有 that, whether; who, what ,which; when ,where, how, why 等。 如:操练 4：(1)_That_ he is a famous singer is known to us.(2)_When_ he will go to America is not yet fixed.(3)_Whether_ shes coming or not doesnt matter too much. (4)_Who_ br
7、oke the glass yesterday is not clear.注意：1. 为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻, 经常用 it 作形式主语, 主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。记住以下 it 作形式主语的句型：Its likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that很可能 / 重要的是 / 必要的是 / 很清楚Its said / reported that据说/ 据报道It seems / appears / happens that显然、明显、碰巧Its been announced / declared that已经通知/ 宣布
8、Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）/ a common saying（俗话说）that操练 5：(1)It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for(2)It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. what(3)It is known t
9、o us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. which B. where C. what D. that2. 单个的主语从句作主语时， 谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。When and where he was born hasnt been found.When he was born and where he was born havent been found.When and why the person was murdered is still unknown.When the p
10、erson was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. 3 / 10操练 6(1)._ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever(2)Its not clear _ was responsible for the accident.A. Who B. What C. How D. That2. 表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词 that , whe
11、ther, as if, as though; who, what, which, whose; when, where, how, why, because 等。如:操练 7(1)The problem is _that_ we didnt get in touch with him.(2)This is _why_ Henry solved the problem. (3)His suggestion is _that_ we (should) finish the work at once.(3)It looked _as if _ it was going to rain.(4)The
12、 reason _why_ we didnt trust him is _that_ he has often lied注意：1. 如果句子的主语是 suggestion, advice, order, demand, proposal 等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用 should+动词原形,should 可省略。他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.2. The reason is that 的理由是， 的原因是操练 8：(1)The reason _why_ he was la
13、te again was _that_ he was caught in the traffic jam.(2)The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because 3. It is because 这是因为操练 9：(1)This is _ she was born.A. where B. which C. that D. what(2)The question is _ we cant go there today.A. that B. what C. which D. when(3)The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C. that D. what(4)My advice is that he _ school by bike.A. go to B. would go to C. goes to D. went to(5)_ she couldnt unders
