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1、高中英语正确发音的知识与技巧(内容全面,例子精典)1、有关语音的概念1) 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u2) 音标:词的语音形式。3) 音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。4) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple,student,teacher,understand5) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20个元音6) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28个辅音7) 开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he,go,hi
2、8) 闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad,bed,sit,hot,cup; b)元音+辅音it9) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。2、元音:1) i: sea,he,see,piece,ceiling2) i sit,build,miss,myth3) e bed,desk,head4) bad,land,bank,stamp5) a: car,fast,class,plant,calm,aunt6) hot,want7) : door,more,sport,ball,warm,author,court,bought,caught8) u: good,who,blue,soup9)
3、u look,put,women,could10) cup,come,blood,rough11) : girl,work,serve,nurse12) cadre,ago,forget,polite,dollar,doctor,famous,Saturday13) ei cake,they,play,eight,great14) ai bike,die,neither,light,try,find,height,eye15) u phone,cold,boat,soul,grow16) au house,town17) i boy,oil18) i dear,idea,deer,here,f
4、ierce19) pear,care,there,fair20) u tour,poor3、容易混淆的元音1) e bed bad; men,man; pen,pan; lend land2) i: ei real rail; greet,great; mean,main; read raid3) e AI bet bite; red write; said side,head,hide4) au : house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause5) au found fond; gown gone
5、; down don4、辅音1) p pen2) b bed,comb3) t tell4) d,day,played,wanted5) k cold,sky,quick,school,back,accept,box6) g big,go,guess,language7) m man8) n nine,knife,autumn9) bank,uncle,English,sing10) l land,world11) r read,write12) f five,cough,laugh13) v voice,of14) think15) this,bathe16) s sit,miss,scie
6、nce,case,scarf17) z zoo,close18) sure,she,social,nation19) / pleasure20) h hot,who,hour21) w wall,what,answer22) j yes23) t child,teach,catch24) d/ joke,bridge25) ts boats26) dz goods27) tr tree28) dr dream5、容易混淆的辅音1) v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well2) s sink think; sort thought; miss my
7、th; mass math3) z closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes4) n thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang6、读音规则(1)元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词a在开音节中einame plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中i:he these me Chinese在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes eggi在开音节中aibike fly drive time ni
8、ce kite在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swimo在开音节中outhose close go hoe home no在闭音节中clock not box shop socku在开音节中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音,例如:June blue ruler super特例:vague vogue range paste plague change strange taste waste ache waste scythe
9、 opaque这些单词中的th ng gu ch st qu都被看作一个整体,都被看作一个辅音字母,其中的元音字母按开音节规则发音。和以上读音现象不同的词有:tingei manye anyeEnglishi prettyepolicemani: machinei: 这两个词源自法语,保留法语发音。 下面的两个词livei givei保留了古英语的发音。(2)元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词aChina another woman breakfastiorange comrade village cabbageehundred student open weekendichic
10、ken pocket begin childreni/iholiday beautiful family animalaiexercise satelliteosecond tonight somebody welcomeualso zero photouautumn difficultju(:)popular congratulation January动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读ei音,例如:operateu处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读u(:)音,例如:July influence February issue在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即
11、可以读作音,也可以读作i音。不符合规则的词:robot n.机器人 alcohol n.酒精 aerosol n.烟,雾 phenol n.酚苯 substrate n.【生化】【半导体】基质;底物(3)元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词a在w音后面want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child light higho在-st -ld前oumost postcard old col
12、do在m n v th前come monkey love mother(4)-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener:warm quarter towardsoror在w音后面:forty morning short:word worker worseer ir st1:place w:st=onur:certainly bird Thursday辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读 音,例如:d
13、ollar teacher martyr forget Saturday例外的词:attorney: worn: sword: quarrel surround sur-不重读 suppose sup-不重读 collect col-不重读(5)-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词arecare dare hareereihere mereireaifire hire wire ore:more score beforeurejupure cureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读 音,例如:picture pleasure重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读r音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph 不符合规则的词:there where ciresrei sureu burialberil deterioratei(6)元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词ai/ayei