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1、层级四审题谋篇学会运用各种文体审题谋篇是写好文章的关键。审题要做到“三定一列”，即：定体裁、定时态、定人称和列要点。谋篇布局的好坏一般有三个标准，即思想内容、层次安排和文字运用。一般认为：好的思想内容是指令人感到真实可信、生动有趣、有深度的内容；好的层次安排指的是写作内容统一，组织合乎逻辑，语意前后连贯，句与句相互衔接；好的文字运用则指所用语言正确、文字优美。谋篇布局一般有以下几个步骤：1动笔之前，用较短的时间确定主题，理清思路，梳理要点。2筛选段落可能用到的重要素材，区分主次，详略得当。3合理安排文章的结构。一篇文章通常可分为三部分，即开头、正文和结尾。文章的开头和结尾都可以不同程度地表述主
2、题，即称之为主题的文体表达，也是获得高分的重要保障。因此，写好文章的开头和结尾非常重要，也是谋篇布局应重点关注的。4正文是文章的核心段落，在写作时应遵循一定的顺序进行表达，才能让读者快速领会文章的表达内容，而不应是几个要点的简单堆砌。合理地组织段落会使文章大放异彩。第一讲书信写作 普通书信/电子邮件题型特点英文email和普通书信的写法和格式大体相同，其开头和结尾常常都会给出，正文可根据作文要求分段把内容表达清楚即可。篇章结构经典考题(2018全国卷改编)假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1到达时间；2.合适的礼物；3.餐
3、桌礼仪。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。审题谋篇(1)体裁：书信体邮件；(2)时态：一般现在时；(3)人称：第二人称；(4)要点：到达时间；合适的礼物；餐桌礼仪。范文赏读Dear Terry，How are you doing? In your last letter，you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friends home.Now，I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.To begin with，according to our tradit
4、ion，you are supposed to arrive early，so that you can help the family prepare the dinner, which is not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, youd better bring some gifts，such as a book or a Chinese knot.Whats more，when enjoying the meal，you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.Hope
5、fully，these suggestions would be of great help to you.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua万能句型1开头部分常用语(1)I am very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.我非常高兴收到你两周前寄给我的信。(2)Im very glad/pleased to tell you that.我很高兴告诉你(3)How are you getting along with.?你近来进展怎样？2话题引入常用语(1)Im very glad to tel
6、l you something about.我很高兴告诉你一些关于的事情。(2)As far as I know/am concerned/can see.据我所知3结尾部分常用语(1)Please write to me soon and tell me about your.请尽快写信给我，告诉我关于你的(2)Im looking forward to your reply.我盼望着你的回复。(3)If so，please email me in response.如果这样，请给我回复邮件即时训练假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter正在一家孔子学院学习汉语和中国文化，得知中国人很重视家风传
7、承。他在给你的电子邮件中提到很想了解你的家风以及家风对你的影响。请你给他回复一封电子邮件。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：家风family spirits【参考范文】Dear Peter，In your last letter，you said you wanted to know something about my family spirits.Here Im writing to share something about my family with you.There are many good qualities that have been pa
8、ssed from generation to generation in my family.My parents always lay emphasis on the importance of honesty，bravery and diligence and they set good examples for me and my brother.My family spirits have a lasting influence on me.Thanks to these good qualities，I have made great achievements in my stud
9、y and life.Yours truly，Li Hua 邀请信题型特点邀请信是人们日常生活、社会活动和外事活动中常用的应用文体，它分为正式和非正式两种。正式邀请信的格式(包括信头、信内地址、客套语等)要齐全，正文内容应用书面语。非正式邀请信通常只有日期，没有信内地址，语句也很随意，多为口头表达。篇章结构经典考题(2018天津高考改编)假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。(1)比赛的时间、地
10、点；(2)邀请他的原因；(3)训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics CompetitionDear Chris，I have good news to tell you.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Jin审题谋篇(1)体裁：邀请信；(2)时态：一般现在时为主；(3)人称：第一、二人称为主；(4)要点：7月底在天津举行世界青少年机器人技能竞赛
11、；向就读于天津并曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖的Chris发出邀请；告知Chris训练计划将发送给他并请他提出建议。范文赏读Dear_Chris，I_have_good_news_to_tell_you.The World Adolescent Robotics Competition is to be held in Tianjin at the end of this July，which interests me greatly.On hearing the news，some of my classmates and I formed a group to take part in the
12、competition.I know you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award，so you must have accumulated much experience in it.We are desperately in need of your help.So as the group leader，I sincerely invite you to join us.I am convinced that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get g
13、ood results.Whats more，I will email you our training plan soon，hoping you can offer some constructive suggestions regarding it.Im_looking_forward_to_your_reply.Yours，Li_Jin万能句型1开头部分常用语(1)I am writing to invite you to./Im writing to tell you that there will be a.我写信邀请你/我写信告诉你有一个(2)I think it would be
14、 a great idea if you could participate in.我想你要是能来参加那就太好了。(3)I wonder if you can come.我想知道你是否能来(4)How would you like to join us in.?你认为加入我们的怎么样？2表达活动内容常用语Here are some details about this activity./The following are some details about this activity./Some details about this activity are as follows.本次活动
15、的一些细节内容如下。3结尾部分常用语(1)We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.我们会高兴地盼望着你的到来。(2)If you are interested in it，please let me know and Ill send you more information.如果你感兴趣，请告诉我，我给你发送更多的信息。(3)My phone number is./Looking forward to.我的电话是/盼望(4)I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon.我想在那里见到你，请尽快告诉
