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1、Period FourLesson 4Understanding.单词自测1acquire vt.获得，得到2thinking n思考，考虑thinker n思想家thought n思想，想法3worthy adj.值得的worth adj.值得的4defence n保卫，保护defend vi.&vt.保卫，防守5ignore vt.忽视，不理睬ignorance n无知，愚昧6unwilling adj.不情愿的，不愿意的willing adj.情愿的，愿意的7assumption n假定，假设assume vt.假定，假设8approve v批准；赞成；认可approval n批准；赞成
2、；认可；满意9urge n&vt.催促，强烈要求10inspire v启发；鼓舞inspiration n灵感，鼓舞11conventional adj.符合习惯的，传统的，保守的convention n惯例，习俗12civilisation n文明，文化civilise vt.使文明，使开化13vital adj.极其重要的14beneficial adj.有用的，有益的benefit vt.使受益.短语自测1to start with 开始2be accustomed to 习惯于3go against 反对，违背4tend to 经常做，倾向于5put forward 提出；将提前6ap
3、prove of 赞成，赞许7put sb. into prison把某人投进监狱8in other words 换句话说1It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384322 BC)人们愿意相信这些古老的见解，这毫不奇怪，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384322)提出来的。2We need to thank the great men of the pa
4、st for the wisdom to know that we dont know it all and probably never will，for that would mean a world without questions.我们要感谢历史上伟人的才智，它让我们懂得我们不是什么都懂，也许将来也不会什么都懂，因为那样的话(如果我们什么都懂)，那将意味着世界上没有什么问题了。3Ben tends to lie whenever he feels he might get into trouble.每当本感到会有麻烦的时候，他常会撒谎。.根据课文选择最佳答案1What is the
5、first step to acquire knowledge and understanding?ATo find answers.BTo study the facts.CTo test answers.DTo put forward questions.答案D2Who solve/solved problems by thinking and analysing according to the passage?APeople nowadays.BPeople in the 17th century.CModern scientists and thinkers.DThe great p
6、hilosopher Aristotle.答案C3People in the 17th century didnt believe Galileo Galilei because .Athey believed more in religionBthe Earth was standing stillCBacon put forward the view that the Earth must be the center of the universeDGalilei couldnt prove his view that the Earth was not the center of the
7、 universe答案A4Whats the aim of the writer when Aristotle and Galilei are referred to in the fourth paragraph?AAristotle was wrong.BIts unbelievable for great men to be wrong.CGalilei was wrong.DEveryone can be wrong at times.答案D5Whats the main idea of the sentence “All truths are easy to understand o
8、nce they are discovered；the point is to discover them.”？AAll truths are easy to discover.BIts most important to discover truths.CIts more important to understand truths than to discover them.DIf we want to discover truths，we should first understand them.答案B.课文语法填空“Who questions much，shall learn much
9、，and remember much.” said Francis Bacon.Now it seems obvious 1.how we acquire knowledge and understanding.2.However，in the 17th century，people believed more in religion 3. than in facts.People with scientific new ideas may be punished by the church.As a result，people tended to ignore the facts and w
10、ere 4.unwilling (will) to challenge 5.what they had believed.Till today，people still feel that if someone important and 6. respected(respect) says that something is right，then it must be 7.so.But sometimes great men such as Aristotle and Galilei might make mistakes.Therefore our understanding of the
11、 world around us is 8.constantly (constant) growing and changing.In other words，we learn more every day and 9.none of us can simply say，“We know it all.”“All truths are easy to understand once they 10.are discovered(discover)；the point is to discover them.” said Galileo Galilei.1The church and many
12、people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.教会和许多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直舒舒服服所相信的一切。归纳拓展(1)ignore vt.忽视，不顾；不理睬(2)ignorant adj.无知的，不知道的be ignorant of/about.对不了解；对无知(3)ignorance n无知；不知情be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事(1)We had ignored the fac
13、t that it was getting darker.我们忽略了天越来越黑这一事实。(2)I said hello to her，but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，她却根本不理我。(3)His failure resulted from his ignorance.他的失败是因为无知。易混辨析ignore/neglect/overlookignore通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。neglect侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。即时跟踪(1)用ignore，neglect，overlook的适
14、当形式填空We could not afford to overlook such a serious offence.He utterly ignored my warnings and met with an accident.Dont neglect to pay him a visit now and then.(2)Ignored(ignore) by his parents for long，John feels sad in the heart though he appears not to be bothered about it.(3)No driver can prete
15、nd to be ignorant(ignore) of speed limits.2They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others.他们宁愿以前人的经验为依据对世界作出假设。归纳拓展(1)assumption n假设，假定make an assumption/assumptions about对作出假设，假定(2)assume vt.假设，假定；认为assume sb./sth. to be.假定/假设/认为某人/物是assume that.假设，认为It is assumed that.人们认为(3)assuming (that).假定/假如，类似的表达有provided/providing/supposing (that).(1)A lot of people make the assumpt
