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1、人教版初一英语下册 各单元知识点总结 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 一、 单词与词组 Join: 表示“参加,加入”,此处指参加社团或组织,成为其中成员。 Join the army 参军 join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部 乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano 非乐器类+ the play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/foo
2、tball/tennis/badminton (英式足球 / 篮球 / 排球 /英式足球,美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球) Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事 Be good with 与相处得好 Be good to 对友好=be friendly to Be good for 对有好处 Like to do sth.特指某一次动作;like doing sth. 强调经常性爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事,在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。 Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告
3、诉某人某事/不要做某事 Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人 cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 Call at 用于打某人电话 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1. 表示动态概念。意思是“回家”,“到家”。前面不加介词。这里home 是副词,表示目地。 1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候
4、回家? 2)He drives home after work.他下班开车回家。 3)She often does some shopping on his way home. 她经常在回家途中买些东西。 2. at home 表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里home是名词,表示具体地点。 1) Is she at home? 她在家吗?2)He left his book at home. 他把书放在家里了。 Go home 回家 get home 到家 at home 在家 also 也,而且;较正式,用于肯定句,紧跟动词。 I can speak English and I can a
5、lso speak Chinese. 我能说英文也能说中文。 too 多用于口语,放在句末。 Me too. either 多用于否定句,放在句末。 He hasnt finished, either. 他也没有完成。 Show sb. sth. /show sth. to sb. 展示给某人看 Show time 作秀时间,表演开始 talk show 脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目) Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 时间连词:when=while 当时 then 然后 after that 在那之后 at+时间点/sb. do sth. at about
6、 +时间点 for breakfast/lunch/dinner 睡觉go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉 take a tap 午休,小睡一会儿 反:get up 起床 Time 表时间,不可数;表次数,可数。 Some times 几次 sometimes 有时 some time 一段时间 sometime 某个时候 系动词It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用被动语态) tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来
7、像 eitheror二选一 neithernor 两者都不连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,即 就近原则。 e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。 Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 Here引导倒装句表位置副词放在句首时, 如主语是代词,不倒装 ; 表位置副词放在句首时, 如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。 e.g. Here it is! Here he comes. (代词不倒装) Here is your ticket
8、. Here comes the bus. (名词倒装) 关于时间问法 (1)以when提问,什么时候可以是较长时间段,也可以是较短时间点 When is your birthday? 你生日是什么时候? My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我生日是12月29日。Unit 3 How do you get to school? many students是单指学生数量多,侧重数量 many of the students是指学生中很多一部分,强调部分 too太 1. too much意为“太多”,+不可数名词/+动词。 e.g.I had too much housework
9、to do yesterday . 昨天我有太多家务活要干。 She talks too much . 她说话太多。 much too意思是“过分,太”,隐含了过分而不恰当之意, 8 much too+形容词或副词,不+动词。 e.g.The question is much too difficult . 这道题太难了。 Youre walking much too fast . 你走得太快了。 2.tooto太而不能.e.g. You are never too young to study. 同: sothat太以至于 e.g.The river runs too quickly for
10、 boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat. =The river runs so quickly that people cant row a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Dont eat in class. 一、词组 school rules 学校规章制度 break the rules 违反规章制度 make the rules 制定规章. in the hallways 在过道 in the music room 在音乐教室里 in the dining hall 在餐厅 be in bed 在床
11、上 be late for迟到 listen to music 听音乐 wash my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做饭 have to do 不得不做 too many+名词复数; too much +不可数名词“太多” by ten oclock 十点之前 on school nights 上学晚上 on weekends 在周末 go to the childrens palace 去少年宫 after school 放学后 sports shoes 运动鞋 gym class 体育课 二、句型 (1)Dont arrive late for class. 9 (2)
12、We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. (3)-What else do you have to do? - We have to clean the classroom. (4)-Can we wear hats in school? -Yes, we can/ No, we cant. (5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school? -Yes, we do /No, we dont. (6) What are the rules at you
13、r school? (7)重难点精析: 祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。 )Be型(即系动词原型be+表语其他)。如: Be quiet,please. 否定句Dont + be+表语+其他。如: Dont be angry. )Do型(即系动词原形宾语其他)。如: Open you books, please. 否定句 Dont +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如: Dont eat in the classroom. )Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如: Let me help you. Lets g
14、o at six oclock. 否定句一般在宾语后加not。如: Lets not watch TV. )No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如: No smoking! 严禁吸烟! No talking! 不许交谈! No passing! 禁止通行! No parking! 不许停车! Must与have to 1.must表主观看法,主观上必要 have to 表客观需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟
15、病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事) 2. have to有人称、数、时态变化,而must只有一种形式。 3. 在否定结构中: dont have to 表示不必;mustnt 表示禁止。 e.g. You dont have to (neednt没必要) tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustnt(cant 不能)tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。 On time 准时,按时。 In time 及时,迟早 e.g. We were just in time for (to catch