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1、2017年哈尔滨师范大学心理语言学基础理论之语言学教程复试仿真模拟三套题一、Explain-the-fllowing-terms1 CategorizationCategorization is the process of classifying our experiences into different categories based 【答案】on commonalities and differences. There are three levels in categories: the basic level，the superordinate level ，and the su
2、bordinate level. 2 computational linguistics【答案】 Computational linguistics is a branch of applied linguistics , dealing with computer processing of human language, h includes programmed instruction, speech synthesis and recognition, automatic translation, and computer mediated communication. 3 Perfo
3、rmatives【答案】 Performatives are sentences that do not state a fact or describe a state. They cannot be said to be true or false. The uttering of these sentences is, or is part of, the doing an action. The judge?s imprisonment sentence, the president?s war or independence declaration, etc., are perfor
4、matives.4 Phatic function （ communion ）【答案】 Phatic function: The phatic function of language refers to the use of the language which often consists of small , seemingly meaningless expression for setting up a certain atmosphere or maintaining social contacts rather than for exchanging information or
5、 ideas. For example , greetings , farewells , and comments on the weather in English could serve this function. 5 The London School of Linguistics【答案】 The London School generally refers to the kind of linguistic scholarship in England. The man who turned linguistics proper into a recognized distinct
6、 academic subject in Britain was J.R. Firth.6 Bound morpheme【答案】 Bound morphemes refer to those morphemes that can not occur alone and must appear with at least another morpheme. For example , in the word “careless”，“-less” is a bound morpheme since it could not occur by itself as a word. 7 Applied
7、linguistics【答案】 It is a branch of linguistics which studies the application of linguistics in reality. For example , there are studies on multilingualism, language acquisition, first and second language teaching and learning. 8 Open-class words【答案】 Open-class words refer to words whose membership is
8、 in principle infinite or unlimitedand with the emergence of new ideas , inventions , and so on ; new expressions are continually and constantly being added to the lexicon. For example , nouns , verbs , and adjectives all belong to this class. 二、Essay-question9 What do you think of the Sapir-Whorf H
9、ypothesis?【答案】 Linguistic determinism , is one of the two points of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis , and has developed into the strong version of this hypothesis. It could be summarized as follows:（1）One5s thinking is completely determined by his native language because one cannot but perceive the world in
10、terms of the categories and distinctions encoded in the language.（2）The categories and distinctions encoded in one language system are unique to that system and incommensurable with those of other systems. Therefore, the following statement could represent this hypothesis 一、Explain-the-fllowing-terms考研试题
