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1、Unit 4 EarthquakeI 单元基础知识 一 核心单词1_ n& vt. 援救；营救2_ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭3_ n标题；头衔；资格4_ n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处5_ vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境6_ n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产7_ vi.爆裂；爆发n突然破裂；爆发8_ n. 要点；大纲；轮廓 vt.概述；略述9_ n. 记者10_ adj.极度的11_ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏12_ n祝贺；贺词13_ n污垢；泥土14_ adv. 真诚地；真挚地15_ n灾难；灾祸16_ n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断17_ vt.损害；伤害18_ vt.使惊吓；吓唬19_
2、 n民族；国家；国民20_ v(使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊二 高频短语1结束；终结_2刮走；吹走_3代替_4掘出；发现_5许多；大量_6倒塌_7立刻；马上_8毁坏；成为废墟_9陷入/陷在下面_10带来；引进_11以而自豪_12因为/作为出名_13像往常一样_14好像_15突然大笑/大哭_16祝贺/恭喜_17轻视；不重视_18睡醒；醒来_19因为感到自豪_20之后不久_三重点句型（填空）1But the one million people of the city, _ thought little of these events, were asleep _ _ that nigh
3、t.但是唐山市的100万居民几乎没有把这些情况当回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。2Everywhere they looked nearly everything _(destroy)人们无论朝哪里看，一切都几乎被毁坏了。3People began to wonder how long the disaster _(last)人们开始纳闷儿，这场灾难还会持续多久。4It seemed as if the world was _ _ _.似乎世界末日来临了。5_ hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。6I asked a man _(stand)next to me _ _.我
4、问站在我旁边的一个人出了什么事。II. 考点精析及演练1.burst v. 爆裂；突发归纳拓展burst in 闯进来；突然插嘴burst into 突然爆发；闯入burst out/forth doing sth. 突然开始做某事burst into laughterburst out laughing 放声大笑burst into tearsburst out crying 放声大哭burst out 冒出a burst of laughter/anger 一阵大笑/大怒即时应用：完成句子。Pumped into too much air, the tyre of the bicycle
5、_ _.被打入了太多的空气，车胎突然爆开了。All the viewers _ _ _ with excitement as the Chinese team won the game.中国队赢了，所有的观众激动地放声尖叫。My English teachers humor was such as to make every student _ _ _.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以至于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。2injure vt. 伤害；使受伤；损害归纳拓展(1)injure sb. 伤害某人词汇含义injure多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻
6、击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于”。常用短语do harm to “对有害”injure sb.s leg/arm/eye 伤害某人的腿/胳膊/眼睛injure sb.s reputation/figure/feelings, etc. 损害某人的名誉/形象/伤害某人的感情等be/get seriously/slightly injured 受重/轻伤(2)the injured 伤员injury to 对的伤害即时应用根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列
7、句子或用所给词的适当形式填空。He _ _ _ _ _(伤了他的手和膝盖) last week.Though _(injure) in the leg, the soldier fought to the end.He suffered serious _(injure) to the arms and shoulders.The _(injure) were successfully rescued from the ruins.3rescue n. 营救，救援；救援行动vt. 营救；救援归纳拓展(1)rescue . from . 从中抢救或营救 (2)rescue work/worker
8、s 救援工作/救援人员go/come to ones rescue 援救或帮助某人4judge n. 裁判员；法官vt. 断定；判决；判断归纳拓展(1)judge sb./sth. by/from 以判断judging from/by 从判断 (常作插入语使用)judge sb./sth. (to be) good/bad/fair, etc. 认定某人(某事)好/坏/公平等as far as sb. can judge 据某人判断(2)judgment n判断温馨提示：judging from/by.置于句首作状语。v.ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：gene
9、rally speaking一般来说；frankly speaking坦白地说；considering.考虑到即时应用完成句子。_ _ _ _， we know that he is from Sichuan.从他的口音判断，我们知道他来自四川。As the famous saying goes, _ _ _ _ _ _ _.正如谚语所言，不要以貌取人_ _ _ _ _ _， Im afraid you are quite wrong.据我判断，你完全错了。5ruin n. & vt. 毁灭，破坏归纳拓展(1)in ruins 严重破坏；破败不堪fall into ruins 成为废墟brin
10、g sth./sb. to ruin 使毁灭；使落空；使某人破产bring ruin to oneself 自取灭亡(2)ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉6bury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入归纳拓展(1)be buried in 埋头于；专心于be buried/lost in thought 沉思(2)bury oneself in study埋头研究；专心学习bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面即时应用：完成句子。The paper _ _ under a pile of books.那份文件被埋在书堆里
11、了。He has learned to _ _ _.他学会了掩饰内心的情感。7shelter nU掩蔽；遮蔽；庇护；栖身地vi.躲避vt.提供庇护所归纳拓展take shelter from躲避under the shelter of在的庇护下；受的保护a bus shelter公共汽车亭give sb. shelter庇护某人shelter sb./sth. from.庇护某人/某物免受8.think little of 轻视；不重视归纳拓展(1)think highly/well/much of . 对评价高/印象好think nothing of . 觉得不怎么样，没什么了不起think
12、 badly/poorly/ill of . 对评价低(2)speak highly/well of.高度赞扬speak ill of.说的坏话sing high praise for.高度赞扬即时应用完成句子。He _ _ _ his future during his childhood.儿时，他很少思考自己的未来。We should _ _ _him, because he always puts others interest first.我们应该高度赞扬他，因为他总把别人的利益放在首位。9at an end 终了；结束归纳拓展bring . to an end 使终止come to an end 结束put an end to 使终止end up (with) 以结束/告终 make both ends meet 量入为出at the end of 在末端，在结束时by the end of 到末为止since the end of 自从末以来in the end 最后，最终There is no end to . 没
