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1、宾语从句 Objective Clause,* 2015/1/6,什么是宾语从句,宾从的连接词,宾从的时态,宾从的语序,目录,宾语从句,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,简单句复合句,复合句中作主句宾语的句子,宾从句子结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句,引导词,一、从属连词 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时，连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思（常省略）,Lin Tao knows (that) his own tea
2、m is even better. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. We heard it that she would get married next month.,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语气， 2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wants to go swim,If/whether,I ask,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if）翻译成：“是否”（不能省略）,高考题中宾从,Its g
3、ood to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. （2013山东) A. what B. whose C. which D. that Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt_ he could have expressed it differently.(2012北京） A. why B. how C. that D. whether,引导词,二、连接代词 which, what, whose, who, whom, whatever, whoever, wh
4、omever, whichever；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。,I wonder who will teach us. Mr. Wang asked whose book that was. You can take whatever you like. I dont know which / what topic I should choose.,三、连接副词 where, when, why, how等连接副词在句中作状语。,He didnt tell me when we should meet again. Could you please tell me how yo
5、u use the new panel? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.,缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why； 缺方式状语，用how。,We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012，福建） A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever,The newcomer went to the library the other day a
6、nd searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.(12.辽宁） A. Wherever B. whatever C. however D. whichever,The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do .Then he took them off , gave a big smile and said “That is cool ”（2012广东完型）,what,1,缺
7、指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what 2,缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom 3,缺定语，用what或which,高考题中宾从,14广东完型：I didnt understand this would happen,Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _close you may be to success. (2013湖南) AHow BThat CWhich Dwhere,Please remind me _ he said he was going I may be in
8、time to see him off. （06 全国) A. where B when C how D what,how,Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.(05全国卷） Awhy Bwhat Cwho Dthat,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制， （需要性原则）,时态,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
9、（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,would go,was,was reading,had finished,He to Hong Kong He sick He a book . He his book.,3.当从句是客观真理、定理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等时用一般现在时,Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun. He said that once
10、a person stops searching for information and knowledge, ignorance sets in,语序,宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will l
11、ook like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like,宾语从句的否定转移,条件： 1：谓语动词为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等 2：主句的主语是第一人称 + 时态是一般现在时 其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.,否定在主句上,I dont think they will come to my party. I dont believe that man was killed
12、 by Jim, was he?,宾语从句的简化:疑问词+不定式”,Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do
13、 what with it The mother didnt know_ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out. A. who B. when C. how D. what,1: that从句位于句首时； That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. 2：it作形式宾语； We all believed it true that Mr. Smith wasnt a thief. 3:主句谓语动词后有插入语； When we got there
14、, he found , however, that the whether was not good. 4：两个以上宾从，第二个that不可省， I believe (that) youve done your best and that things will improve. 5：间接宾语后 The teacher advised us that we should pay more attention to reading and writing 6：that位于except，in ，but,besides等介词之后 I know nothing about him except th
15、at he lives here.,Attention,下列情况下that不能省略,whether / if “是否”,下列情况下只能用whether 1）or或or not Can you tell me whether or not the train has left? 2）介词后宾语从句； I am not interested in whether you like the plan or not. 3）不定式前； I dont know whether to accept or refuse. 4）句首； Whether it is true or not, I cant tell. 5） discuss后宾语从句用whether We will discuss whether we are to hold a sports meeting next week.,只用if：如果宾语从句为否定句时， Eg： I dont know if it wont rain tomorrow,（2013，广州基础写作） 志愿者的选拔 到2015年，在全球选出约30名去火星的志愿者 志愿者的条件 至少18岁，做好不回地球的准备 愿与他人保持良好的关系 专家观点 火星条件太艰苦 面临严寒气候、孤独和恐惧 志愿者观点 厌倦地球
