《高一上U1Grammar1》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高一上U1Grammar1（31页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、配合人教修订版高一上配合人教修订版高一上Unit 1 Good friendsGrammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct and Indirect SpeechI am a beautiful girl.She said that she was a beautiful girl.直接引语直接引语: :直接引用别人的话直接引用别人的话, ,把它放在引号内把它放在引号内. . (direct speech)(direct speech)间接引语间接引语: :用自己的话转述别人的话用自己的话转述别人的话 (indirect (indirect speech)speech)Wha
2、t did the girl say?1.转述他人的陈述转述他人的陈述陈述句陈述句She asked me what I was doing.She said , “Im going to Beijing.”She said that she was going to Beijing.He asked, “Are you a doctor?”He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.She asked, “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问转述他人的疑问一般疑问句一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题转述他人的问题特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 He
3、 said, “I have been to Japan.” He said to us that he had been to Japan. She said, “Ill give you an exam tomorrow.” She told us that she would give us an exam tomorrow. 陈述句陈述句用连词用连词that引导，引导，that在口语中常省略。主句在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用也可用told来代替，注意，可以说来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. t
4、hat, told sb. that，不可直接说不可直接说told that直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化一般疑问句一般疑问句 Tom said, “Do you have any difficulty with English?” Tom asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with English. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 间接
5、引语用连词间接引语用连词whether或或if引导，原主句引导，原主句中谓语动词中谓语动词said要改为要改为asked(me/him/us等等)，语序是陈述句的语序，语序是陈述句的语序特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 He said to me，“Where are you from?” He asked me where I was from. He asked us, “How many factories are there in your country?” He asked us how many factories there were in our country. 原来的疑问词作为间接引
6、语的连词，主原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序来表达，语序改为陈述句语序改为陈述句语序选择疑问句选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or Chinese?” He asked me whether I spoke English or Chinese. I asked, “Will you take bus or on foot?” I asked him whether he would take bus or on foot. 用用whetheror表达表达(不用不用if/eitheror)T
7、he geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变时，时态不变The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.2
8、. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变The children said, “We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。时态不变。She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时
9、态的变化注意时态的变化2. 注意人称和指示代词变化。注意人称和指示代词变化。3. 注意时间和地点的变化注意时间和地点的变化4. 注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化详细介绍详细介绍详细介绍Exercises:1. He said , “I cant finish this work.”2.She said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” He said that he couldnt finish that work.She said that he hadnt
10、heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4. “Why were you late again?” the teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like reading,” said Marry. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Beijing.7. “Have you been to London?” he asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Marr
11、y said she didnt like reading.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Beijing?”He asked me if I had been to London.Direct and Indirect Speechask/wonder wh-word +陈述句述句语序序特殊疑特殊疑问句句ask/wonder whether/if +陈述句述句语序序一般疑一般疑问句句say/tell sb. (that) +从句从句statementSentence structureIndirect SpeechDirect SpeechDir
12、ect SpeechIndirect SpeechTensePresent tense一般一般过去去时Past tense过去完成去完成时Present continuous tense过去去进行行时Present perfect tense过去完成去完成时Future tense过去将来去将来时Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechPronouns第一人称第一人称第三人称第三人称第二人称第二人称第一或第三人称第一或第三人称thisthatthesethoseDirect SpeechIndirect SpeechAdverbialof time andplacenowthe
13、ntodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforethis week/monththat week/monthlast week/monththat week/month beforethree days agothree days beforetomorrowthe next day/the following dayherethereAnswers to Grammar Exercise 1: 1.“Im very glad to visit your factory,” said the visitor.The visitor said that he was v
14、ery glad to visit our factory.2. The woman told us that she did not like American movies very much.“I dont like American movies very much.” the woman said to us.3.“Theres something wrong with the front wheel,” said Uncle Wang.Uncle Wang said (that) there was something wrong with the front wheel.4. T
15、he teacher told the students that they were going to have a meeting at three oclock.The teacher said to the students,“We are going to have a meeting at three oclock.”5. “When shall we go outing this autumn?” The students asked.The students asked when they should go outing that autumn.6. She said tha
16、t she would try to finish reading the book by the end of this week.She said, “I will try to finish reading the book by the end of this week.7. “Mum has gone to the supermarket,” the daughter said to her father.The daughter told her father that Mom had gone to the supermarket.8. Sarahs friend asked h
17、er if she was going to mail the gifts to her parents.Saras friend said to her, “Are you going to mail the gift to your parents?”9. “Why were you so excited today?” Tom asked Bob.Tom asked Bob why he was so excited that day.10. Sandra asked her friend how she could solve the problem.Sandra said to he
18、r friend, “How can you solve the problem?”Answers to Grammar Exercise 2: Chuck: I know, I know. You are angry with me. You think we should wait longer, but we have waited long enough already. Wilson: Why do you want to leave this island? You: . .Chuck, Wilson asks why you want to leave this island C
19、huck: I want to leave the island because I miss my friends. Wilson: ? You: . . Chuck: Yes, you are my friend, but I miss the others. Wilson: ?Am I not your friendChuck, Wilson asks whether or not he is your friendHow long have we been here You: . . Chuck: We have been here for almost five years. Wil
20、son: ? You: .Chuck, Wilson asks how long youhave been hereHow will we leaveChuck, Wilson asks how you will leave Chuck: How will we leave? We will wait for the wind to change. Then we will go out over the reef. Wilson: . You: . . Chuck: Yes, it might be dangerous, but we have to try. We cant stay he
21、re any longer.That might be dangerousChuck, Wilson says that might bedangerousWilson: ?You: . .Chuck: Of course I will take care of you.Wilson: .You: .Chuck: Im scared, too.Im scared, ChuckChuck, Wilson says he is scaredWill you take care of meChuck, Wilson asks if you will takecare of him课堂练习课堂练习1.
22、“Are you going to your home town this summer ?” he said. He asked me if I was going to my home town that summer.2. “Why didnt you call me an hour ago ?” he said.He asked why I hadnt called him an hour before3. Mother asked,” What has happened to you, Xiao Li ?” Mother asked Xiao Li what had happened
23、 to him4. He often says “ I shall tell you about them.” He often tells me that he will tell me about them.5. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said that he had walked a long way that week.6. They said to us, “ Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us if we were afraid to leave that house.Homework Review the knowledge of direct speech and indirect speech and summarize the rules.
