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1、宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态由由从属连词从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由疑问词由疑问词What,who,whose, where,when等等引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由由从属连词从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句（一）引导词if/ whether “是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用，说明对
2、陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me ,want to know等词后。等词后。注注：that用于陈述意见事，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不用于陈述意见事，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略If 与whether 的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come
3、is not decided. 与与or not连用或表示选择时只能用连用或表示选择时只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether （二）语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都要运用陈述句的无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都要运用陈述句的语序，即是语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。 e.g Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? She asked him where he c
4、ame from . I want to know what they are talking about. Do you know if/ whether he likes Times English Post? （三）（三） 时态时态 . 当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。一种时态。 e.g Tom has been to Guilin twice . she will come tomorrow .I hear ( that ) Jim went t
5、o work an hour ago . he is interested in English .当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。相互一致。 e.g he would go to Xian . he was ill the day before .He said ( that ) he was reading a book . he had had supper already . 当从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存当从句说明的是客观存在
6、的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。一般现在时态。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . Our teacher said that light travels muchfaster than sound. 宾语从句的否定形式宾语从句的否定形式 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的
7、否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是 think , expect , believe , guess 等表示等表示“认为，猜想认为，猜想”的词时，一的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。 e.g I know he isnt from Sanhe. I dont think its going to rain . I dont believe she will lend you the money . 标点符号标点符号 宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句
8、是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。 e.g He asked me if / whether I could help him . Please tell me which colour you like best . Do you know where Li Ping is ? Would you please tell us how old you are ?直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系e.g.1.Hesaid,“Youareyoungerth
9、anI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 引号内是陈述句的引号内是陈述句的 变成由变成由thatthat引起的宾语从句。引起的宾语从句。直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系引号内为一般疑问句的变为引号内为一般疑问句的变为if (whether)if (whether)引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. 1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?
10、”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go to visit the Great Wall. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系引号内是特殊疑问句的变为引号内是特殊疑问句的变为who, what, whenwho, what, when等等引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you
11、live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. He asked me where I lived. He asked how they could get to the post-office. 在把直接在把直接引语变为间接引语引语变为间接引语的练习中，要注意：的练习中，要注意： 句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用句改写，而应该用 “ ask sb. to do sth. ” 的句式。的句式。 e.g Dont open the door . （用（用 they 作
12、主语改作主语改写句子）写句子） They ask not to open the door . 人称的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从句人称的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从句时，我们就应该考虑人称的变化。时，我们就应该考虑人称的变化。 e.g “ I come from Canada ” , Lucy says . Lucy says that she comes from Canada .宾语从句中考题练兵：宾语从句中考题练兵：一、单项选择一、单项选择( ) 1. I dont think he will come here on time, ? (重庆重庆) A. wont he B.
13、will he C. does he D. is he( ) 2. Will you please tell me ? (上海上海) A. where Pudong Airport is B. how far Pudong Airport was C. how can we get to Pudong Airport D. when was Pudong Airport built( ) 3. Its not polite to ask people in England. (常州常州) A. how much money you have got B. what the weather is
14、 like C. what your city looks like D. how old are you( ) 4. I wonder if he tonight. If he , Ill let you know. (扬扬州州) A. will come; will come B. comes; comes C. will come; comes D. comes; will comeB BA AA AC C( ) 5. I cant say I want to see him again. We havent seen each other for nearly three years.
15、 (镇江镇江) A. how long B. how soon C. how often D. how much( ) 6. Mr. Green told me that he on a trip next Sunday. (通化通化) A. are going B. was going C. will go D. would going( ) 7. Our geography teacher told us that Japan the east of China.(河北河北) A. is in B. was in C. is to D. was to( ) 8. Nobody knows
16、hell come or not. (辽宁辽宁) A. that B. if C. / D. whetherD DB BC CD D从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1.Idontknow_hewillcometomorrow._hecomes,IlltellyouA.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2.Idontknow_thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhellcome3.Couldyoutellme_theneares
17、thospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where4.Couldyoutellme_theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended5.Iwanttoknow_.A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislookingC.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafterDDDCD6.Doyouknowwhere_now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive7
18、.Doyouknowwhattime_?A.thetrainleavesB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves8.Idontknow_.Canyoutellme,please?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whe
19、reistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings10.Icantunderstand_.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeansADDBD11.Hesaid_shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmastersdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what12.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_Who Moved My Cheese w
20、asaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if13.A:Couldyoutellme_sheislookingfor?B:Hercousin,Susan.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which14.Iwanttoknow_.A.whatishisnameB.whatshisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis15.Couldyoutellme_?A.whendidTomcomebackB.whendoesTomcomebackC.whenTomwillcomebackD.whenTomcomesbackADCDC1
21、6.A:Couldyoutellme_?B:Imnotsure.A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgivingDayC.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart17.Mr.Kingdidntknow_yesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome18.Theteachertoldusyeste
22、rdaythatDecember25_ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.which19.Iwonder_youwouldliketocometomybirthdayparty.A.thatB.whetherC.thatifD.thatwhether20.A:Imwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow_itwillarrive?B:Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.whatADABC21.Doyouknow_duringthecomingholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdid
23、TomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid22.Theteachertoldusthatlight_muchfasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveledC.wouldtravelD.hadtraveled23.Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.willhecome,willcome24.Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwithth
24、em.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake25.Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeenCACAD26.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are27.SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay28Lindasaidthemoon_roundth
25、eearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelled29.Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that30.Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.whereCBCCB31.Ihardlyunderstand._hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who32.Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeD
26、.ifhewillcome33.Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow34.Heaskedme_toldmetheaccidentA.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose35.Theydontknow_theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhichBAACB36.Pleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterwo
27、rked37.SheaskedmeifIknew_A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit38.Didyouknow_?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter39.Couldyoutellme_?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeij
28、ing40.Couldyoutellme_?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyouliveinDBACB按要求转换句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改写句子）Couldyoutellus_Mr.Brown_livinginChina?2.Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（变为复合句）Heaskedme_thegirl_somehelp3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotas
29、tudent,either.（合并为一个句子）_Jim_Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）Iwanttoknow_thetrain_.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用notuntil改写)They_gohome_theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkIfenjoysIfneedsNeithernorwhenleavesdidntuntil6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstok
30、now.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)LiLeiwantstoknow_Peter_hereyesterday7.Howdoeshegetonwithhisnewclassmates?Couldyoutellme?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Couldyoutellmehow_onwithhisnewclassmates?8.Whatishedoingthere?Motherdidntknow.(改为含有宾语从句的复合句Motherdidntknowwhat_doingthere.9.Youdbetteraskyourmotherwhetherisitcheapenoughbeforeyoutry
31、iton.(改错)10.Whatshisname?Iaskedhim.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）Iaskedhimwhat_.Ifcamehegoeshewashisnamewas11.Whydidnthelookhappy?Couldyoutellme?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Couldyoutellmewhy_lookhappy?12.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Idontknow_hestill_inthatstreet.7)Whosechildrenistheoldwomanlookingafter?Did
32、youfindout?（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）Didyoufindoutwhosechildrentheoldwoman_after?13.Themoonmovesroundtheearth.Mysistertoldme.（同上）Mysistertoldme_themoon_roundtheearth.14.Ithinkitisnotgoingtosnowtomorrow.（改错）15.Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew。Tomsmotheraskedhim.(同义句转换)Tomsmotheraskedhim_totrysomethingnew.hedidntIflive
33、swaslookingthatmovesIfhewanted同义句转换1.Jimsaid:“Thefastestwaytotravelisbyplane.”Jimsaid_thefastestwaytotravel_byplane.2.Theteachersaidtous:“Springcomesafterwinter.”Theteacher_spring_afterwinter.3.Hecantworkouttheproblem.Ibelieve.I_workouttheproblem.4.Howcanwegettotheplane?Idontknow.Idontknow_gettothep
34、lane.5.Wheredidyoufindthebook?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme_thebook?6.WhohasleftforHaikou?Nobodyknows.Nobodyknows_Haikou.7.Willyougotherebybus?Haveyoumadeadecision?Haveyoudecided_therebybus?8.Mrs.WhitetoldTomthatheshouldntthrowpaperontheground.Mrs.WhitetoldTom_paperontheground.9.Idontknowwhytheyarestandingthere.Idontknow_theyarestandingthere_.thatistoldusthatcomesbelievethathecanthowwecanwhereyoufoundwhohasleftforIfyoullgonottothrowwhatfor
