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1、大学英语教改口语考试大学英语教改口语考试大学英语教改口语考试大学英语教改口语考试一、大学英语教改和口语考试一、大学英语教改和口语考试二、口语考试数据及分析二、口语考试数据及分析三、口语试题库三、口语试题库四、口语试题库的信度和效度研究四、口语试题库的信度和效度研究五、口语评分标准五、口语评分标准n多种题型、与教材配套、内容丰富的英语口多种题型、与教材配套、内容丰富的英语口语试题库语试题库n系统支持文本、图形、语音和视频等多种媒系统支持文本、图形、语音和视频等多种媒体，具有主题和级别等试题指标。体，具有主题和级别等试题指标。n试题由多所高校优秀英语教师和测试专家开试题由多所高校优秀英语教师和测试
2、专家开发。发。口语试题库的定位口语试题库的定位n学业考试学业考试(Performance Test),(Performance Test), 所测即所学。所测即所学。n主题式主题式(topic-based)(topic-based)，有近似主题，难度、，有近似主题，难度、要求不同。要求不同。n综合听说教材里所涉及的主题。综合听说教材里所涉及的主题。n涵盖全新版和修订版所有主题。涵盖全新版和修订版所有主题。n部分题型模拟四、六级口语考试形式。部分题型模拟四、六级口语考试形式。口语考试题型口语考试题型n目前有目前有7个题型，个题型，Readingaloud用于用于Band1-2。每套题至少要包括以
3、下每套题至少要包括以下45个题型。个题型。nReadingaloudnListeningandspeakingnQuestionsandanswersnCommentonEnglishsayingsandquotationsnDescribingpicturesnTalkingaboutmoviesnGroupdiscussionGroup DiscussionnPart4Discussion5 minutes, 20 points Each group is composed of three students Student A, Student B and Student C. Topi
4、c:UFOs are alien spacecraft from outer spacenTheUFOphenomenonmayhaveexistedforoverahalf-centuryandUFOsightingsarebecomingmoreandmorefrequentaroundtheworld.Somepeoplethinktheseobjectsarealienspacecraft,althoughthereisnoconclusiveevidenceyet.Thereisnodoubtthatunidentifiedflyingobjectsintheskydoexist.B
5、utthequestioniswhatarethey?AreUFOsalienspacecraftfromotherplanets?nYou will have about 5 minutes to discuss on this topic. Each person can only talk for one minute at a time. During the discussion, you may voice your opinion, argue with each other, or ask somebody to clarify his or her points. Your
6、performance will be judged according to your contribution to the discussion.nHints:NumerousUFOphotosintheworldcanshowUFOsarealienspacecraft.ManyplanetsoutsidethesolarsystemaresimilartotheEarth.Sothereisapossibilitythataliensdoexist.Nearlyallphotographsareblurryandmanyhavebeenprovedtobeforgeries.Ther
7、eisnoevidenceofintelligentalienslivinganywhereinoursolarsystemorinouterspace.准备时间：准备时间：20seconds答题时间：答题时间：60secondsn2006.2.完成第一批完成第一批48套试卷，即每一级配套试卷，即每一级配12套试卷，每年淘汰套试卷，每年淘汰2套，并可升级更新。套，并可升级更新。n2007.2.完成第二批完成第二批48套试卷，即每一级配套试卷，即每一级配12套试卷，每年淘汰套试卷，每年淘汰2套，并可升级更新。套，并可升级更新。n可以自由组建试题可以自由组建试题n可以增减考试内容可以增减考试内容四
8、、口语试题库的信度和效度研究n为什么要口语考试？为什么要口语考试？AssigngradesImproveinstructionMotivatestudentstoworkProvidefeedbacktostudentsn如何进行口语考试？如何进行口语考试？TestingObjectiveSubjectivenFormativenSummativeFormative TestingnUsingmeasurementtoolstoconductevaluationforthepurposeofimprovingstudentperformancenStudentreceivesfeedbacko
9、fresultsnTeacherconsidersresultsinplanningsubsequentinstructionnGradesarenotrecorded!Summative TestingnUsingmeasurementtoolstoconductevaluationforthepurposeofassigningstudentgradesnStudentreceivesfeedbackofresultsnTeacherconsidersresultsinplanningsubsequentinstructionnGradesarerecorded口语试题库分级口语试题库分级
10、n分为四级，对应教学内容分为四级，对应教学内容n难度控制难度控制参照课本难度参照课本难度参照国内外口语考试难度参照国内外口语考试难度确定难度上限，略高于四、六级口语考试难度确定难度上限，略高于四、六级口语考试难度依据教学实践、课堂口语活动依据教学实践、课堂口语活动合作研究口语试题库和考试系统合作研究口语试题库和考试系统n与国内大学和机构合作（出版社、讯飞）与国内大学和机构合作（出版社、讯飞）n与国外大学合作与国外大学合作BathUniversity(UK)n对比研究，机考对比研究，机考vs面试面试n试题库科学分级、信度、效度等研究试题库科学分级、信度、效度等研究n人机交互研究，智能（半智能）阅
11、卷人机交互研究，智能（半智能）阅卷n学生在机考时的心理变化研究学生在机考时的心理变化研究五、口语评分标准n准则参考性口试（准则参考性口试（criterion-referencedoraltest)n常模参考性口试（常模参考性口试（norm-referencedoraltest)Criterion-Referenced TestnMeasuresstudentperformanceagainstpredeterminedstandardsnStudentmeetsordoesnotmeetthestandardnCompetitionisbetweenthestudentandtheskill,
12、knowledge,orabilitynGradeisbasedonaccomplishmentnEverybodycanearnapassinggradeiftheymeetthestandardNorm Referenced TestnMaketestintentionallydifficultnAveragescoreshouldbeabout50%nStrongstudentsshouldtendtoscorehighandweakstudentsshouldtendtoscorelownAwardAsforhighestscores,Fsforlowestscores,Csforav
13、eragescoresCharacteristics of a TestnValiditynReliabilitynObjectivitynDiscrimination(appliestonorm-referencedtestonly)nComprehensivenessnScore-AbilityValiditynAvalidtestmeasures:whatitisintendedtomeasurenwhattheteacherintendedforthestudentstolearnnwhattheteacheractuallytaughtnAvalidtestisFAIRQuestio
14、ns about ValiditynDoesthetestactuallymeasurewhatyouintendittomeasure?nDidyouteachthecontentandskillsthatarebeingtested?nDoesthetestrequirethestudenttoknowordosomethingotherthanwhatyouintendedand/ortaught?nDoessomeaspectofthetestpreventthestudentwhomayknowthematerialfromrespondingcorrectly?Reliabilit
15、ynAreliabletestprovidesaccurateandconsistentresultsnTestreliabilitycanbeviewedfromtwoperspectives:StudentreliabilityScorerreliabilityStudent ReliabilitynTestitemsarereadableandclearnInstructionsaresimpleandunambiguousnResponsestestonlyknowledgeofthesubjectmatterandnottestwiseness,readingability,orot
16、herunrelatedtraitScorer ReliabilitynItemscanbescoredconsistentlynSamescorerwouldproducesimilarresultsonrepeatedevaluationsnDifferentscorerswouldproducesimilarresultsifworkingindependentlyObjectivitynObjectivelywrittenitemsarereliableitemsarevalidnObjectivelyadministerednObjectivelyScoredDiscriminati
17、onnImportantONLYfornorm-referencedtestingnTestseparatesmoreknowledgeablestudentsfromlessknowledgeablestudentsnDiscriminatingtestisintendedtorewardbeststudentsandpunishweakeststudentsnIdealforusingnormalcurvetointerpretscoreNormal distributionnOnmostmeasuresofhumanbehavior,graphingindividualresultswi
18、llresultina“bell-shaped,”ornormaldistributioncurvenMostindividualscoreswillfalltowardthemiddle(mean)nFewerscoreswillfalltowardtheupperandlowerendsBell-shaped CurveLowest ScoresAverageScoresHighest Scores口语考试评分口语考试评分n测量出某个考生在整个群体中的相对位置测量出某个考生在整个群体中的相对位置n相对公平，不受相貌、肢体语言的干扰相对公平，不受相貌、肢体语言的干扰n可重复阅卷可重复阅卷n等
19、级的确立等级的确立 （1 15 5）n综合评分（综合评分（Holistic markingHolistic marking）n分析评分（分析评分（analytic marking)analytic marking)教师培训教师培训1.参照标准参照标准2.确定样本确定样本3.教师分工教师分工4.分数调整分数调整1.参照标准参照标准n评分采用准则参考性和常模参考性相结合评分采用准则参考性和常模参考性相结合的评分方法，从内容、语音和流利程度三的评分方法，从内容、语音和流利程度三个方面分析评价考生的英语口语水平。个方面分析评价考生的英语口语水平。n评分卡：评分卡：内容内容语音语音流利度流利度平均分：平
20、均分：(1，2，3，4，5，可用小数点，总数相加，可用小数点，总数相加)2.确定样本确定样本n从往年学生录音中选取有代表性的口语样从往年学生录音中选取有代表性的口语样本本n每个分数段取每个分数段取2个样本个样本n25分的样本分的样本n样本录音样本录音3.教师分工教师分工n由系统指派班级给阅卷老师由系统指派班级给阅卷老师n人工调整，分散班级人工调整，分散班级n专门指派有经验的老师抽查阅卷专门指派有经验的老师抽查阅卷4.分数调整分数调整（正态分布） 优秀秀良好良好中等中等及格及格不及格不及格5分分4分分3分分2分分1分分8.723.236.324.67.2Thankyou!结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！46
