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1、Part1 M4.Unit10Unit10Unit10MoneyMoneyModule415、value n. 价值， 重要性 People seldom realize the value of health till they have lost it. 人们不等到失去健康是不会懂得健康的重要性的。What is the value of？ 价值是What is the value of this picture by Rubens?这幅鲁本斯创作的画价值多少？ valuable adj. 贵重的，很有价值的 priceless adj. 无价的 valueless/worthless 没
2、有价值的 be of great value 很有价值price, cost, value, worth, charge, fare, fee, expense price n. 用于谈到购买某种物品需花的钱时用。 cost n. 与price相似，但较少用于物品，多用于服务或活动；指制作、生产某物所需的成本；还可表 示 代 价 。 可 与 high, low连 用 ， 不 与 free, expensive连用。 What is its price？What does it cost？均指所标价目。 value和worth指某物的实际价值。 charge n. 出售商品或服务的人向你提出索价
3、How much did he charge you for that CD?买那张CD他要了你多少钱？ fare n. 乘飞机、火车、公共汽车等旅行的费用。 fee(s) n. 专业服务、课程等的费用。 房租通常是rent, 但在酒店中的房租是price。租/雇用汽车的花费用rental。expense主要指金钱方面的支出， 也可以指由雇主支付的差旅费用。The garden was built at great expense. 这座花园以极高的费用建造。完成句子。1. 学生向来尊重他们的老师。 The students have always valued their teachers.
4、 2. 她以少于其实际价格买下那件珠宝。 She bought the jewel for less than its value. 3. 医生的收费比我们估计的要高。 The doctors fee was higher than we had expected. 4. 他以自己的健康为代价， 继续吸烟。 He goes on smoking at the cost of his health. 5. 她的公司派她去香港， 并支付所有的差旅费。 Her company sent her to Hong Kong and paid all her expenses. 16、advance vt
5、. 前进， 发展， 提前； vi. 向前推进， 有进展 The date of the exam was advanced from the 10th to the 5th. 考试日期已由10号提前到5号。The work during this week is not advancing. 这周的工作没有进展。advanced adj. 高级的， 先进的advancement n. 提升， 促进， 进步 n. 进展， 前进This could be an advance on the present situation. 以目前的状况来看是有了进展。in advance 事先， 预先英译汉。
6、1.They worked together to advance the cause of democracy(民主). 他们合力推动民主事业。 2.Please give us advance warning of any changes to the schedule. 工作日程如有改动，请事先通知我们。3.They offered an advance of 5, 000 after the signing of the contract. 他们在合同签订后预付了 5, 000 英镑。 17、focus n. 中心， 焦点 Because of his strange clothes,
7、 he immediately became the focus of attention when he entered the office. 由于服装奇特，他一走进办公室就成了大家注意的焦点。 vt. (使)特别注意；集中(注意力)于；(使)调节焦距You must try to focus your mind on work and study. 你应该努力把思想集中于工作和学习中。focus the camera给照相机调焦距 in focus焦点对准， 清晰 out of focus焦点没有对准， 模糊 When a photograph isnt in focus, it isn
8、t clear; its out of focus. 当焦点没有对准时， 照片不清晰， 即模糊。汉译英。1. 大家的目光都集中在老师身上。 All eyes focused on the teacher. 2. 照片上他的脸模糊不清。 His face is out of focus in the photograph. 18、replace vt. 取代， 代替， 替换replace sb./sth. with/by sb./sth. George has replaced Edward as our captain. 乔治接任爱德华当了我们的队长。 take the place of 代替
9、 take ones place 代替某人；坐下 in place of 代替 in place 放在原来的位置；原地 in ones place 处于某人的位置；为某人设身处地地想想 out of place 不合适；不恰当；格格不入 give place to 让位于汉译英。1.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 Teachers will never be replaced by computers in class. 2.他们已经用新窗户更换了破窗户。 They have replaced a broken window with a new one. 3.有什么东西能代替母爱吗？ Can
10、anything replace a mothers love?19、die vi. 死；枯萎， 凋谢(died, died, dying)die from/die of die from “死于”， 可以指因疾病而死， 也可以指因外部创伤或间接的原因而死。die from/of cancer死于癌症die from a traffic accident死于车祸 die of “死于”， 表示死于疾病、饥饿、寒冷、年老、悲伤等。die of disease/old age/grief死于疾病/年老/悲伤 die for 为而死die for ones country/the people为自己
11、的国家/为人民而死 die in poverty 死于贫穷 die outdisappear 灭绝， 消失 die away逐渐减弱；逐渐模糊；逐渐消失 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐平息；逐渐暗淡 be dying for 极想得到 be dying to dobe anxious to do 迫切想做die happy/rich 死时很愉快/很富有(接形容词或名词， 表示主语死时的情况)die a hero 死得英雄die的形容词是dead, 名词是death, deadly意为“致命的”， the dying 垂死的人， the dead已故的人， die(死亡)的现在分词是dying
12、, dye(染)的现在分词是dyeing, 两者不可混淆。用die of，die from填空。1. 那个工程师因过度劳累而死。The engineer died from overwork. 2. 那个乞丐死于饥寒。The beggar died of hunger and cold. 完成句子。3. 许多旧习俗日渐消失。Many old customs are gradually dying out. 4. 在如此热的天气里， 我们都渴得要死。In such a hot day, were all dying for a drink. 5. 我们非常想听你谈谈你在部队的经历。 We are
13、 dying tohear about your experience in the army. 6. 汽车的响声在远处消失。The sound of the car died away in the distance. 20、be ofn. “be ofn.”这一结构可表示主语的类属。 Australia and New Zealand are of the same continent. 澳大利亚和新西兰属于同一洲。在表示年龄、颜色、重量等名词前的of可有可无。 They are (of) the same height. 他们一样高。 be of抽象名词 be 这一名词的形容词形式， 用
14、来表示某物的特征。 What he said at the meeting was of great value(valuable). 他在会上讲的话很有价值。 这一结构中的抽象名词前可用great, no, little, some, any, not much等修饰， 表示不同程度。汉译英。1. 他是一个有能力的人。 He is a man of ability. 2. 姐妹俩一样重。 The two sisters are (of) the same weight. 3. 他昨天买的两双鞋颜色一样。 The two pairs of shoes he bought yesterday a
15、re (of) the same colour. 4. 这药没效果。 This medicine is of no use. 21、and the_rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things(P8) 用剩余的时间来考虑要做些什么令人享受的事 the rest意为“其余的人/物/事”， 可用来替代可数或不可数名词。 While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the boy beside her. 当其余的乘客往外走的时候， 她瞥了一眼
16、她身边的那个男孩。完成句子。1.我已完成大部分的工作， 你能在两天内做完剩下的工作吗？ I have done much of the work. Could you please finish the rest in two days?2. 他在乡下度过他的余生。He spent the rest of his life in the countryside. 22、But there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found different ways to be happy in their l
17、ives. (P8) 但是也有人把自己的百万资产置于一边，寻求不同的人生幸福。 turn ones back on 转身背对； 背弃， 抛弃 When on stage, dont turn your back on the audience. 在台上不要背对观众。 fall on ones back 仰面跌倒 at the back of 在后面 look back 向后看 fight back 还击 back and forth 来回地， 反复地汉译英。1. 他们需要她的时候， 她却背弃了他们。 She turned her back on them when they needed he
18、r. 完成句子。2. 椅子正在来回摇动。The chair is rocking back and forth. 3. 他转过身背对我们， 然后看见了那个女人。He turned his back on us and saw the woman. 4. 她当真拒绝了他的建议吗？Did she really turn her back on his proposal?5. 既然他有麻烦， 我不能不理睬他。 I cant just turn my back on him now that he is in trouble. 23、In fact, it is you who have the mo
19、st important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.(P12) 事实上，在防止黄河侵蚀方面扮演最重要角色的是你。 It is (was)被强调部分that (who)句子其他部分。 It was him who/that I saw the day before yesterday. 我前天看到的就是他。(注意：被强调部分是人时， 可以用who也可以用that) 被强调部分可以是除谓语、定语、宾补等之外的各种句子成分。 强调句的用法详见语法部分考点14 It的用法。句子转换。Tom met an old friend in th
20、e street yesterday. 1.强调主语 It was Tom who/that met an old friend in the street yesterday. 2. 强调宾语 It was an old friend that Tom met in the street yesterday. 3. 强调地点状语 It was in the street that Tom met an old friend yesterday. 4. I didnt know about it until he told me the truth(强调时间状语从句) It was not u
21、ntil he told me the truth that I knew about it. 5. He was absent from the meeting because he was ill. (强调原因状语从句) It was because he was ill that he was absent from the meeting. 24、It is no_bigger_than a credit card！(P14) 它和一张信用卡一样小！ no比较级than 与 not比较级thanno比较级than: 同样也不，这种结构常用来表示对两个比较对象进行否定。 Mary is
22、short, but Betty is no taller than Mary. 玛丽很矮， 但贝蒂和玛丽一样矮。not比较级than：是用来对主语进行否定，表示前者在程度上不如后者。 Betty is not taller than Mary. 贝蒂没有玛丽高。完成句子。1. 这颗星和那颗星一样暗淡。This star looks no brighter than that one. 2. 这本词典没有那本词典有用。This dictionary is not more useful than that one. 25、 However, instead of showing real, e
23、xisting structures, he used photographs to make up(P18) 但他没有去展现真实存在的建筑结构，而是用照片做成instead of 代替某人/某事 He insists that he (should) study medicine instead of law. 他坚持学医， 不学法律。 Sand now filled the wells instead of water. 井里没有水却满是沙子。instead adv. 代替， 更换Weve no coffee. Would you like tea instead?我们没有咖啡了， 改喝茶
24、好吗？一句多译我没有去看电影， 而是留在了家里。1. I stayed at home instead of going to see the film. 2. I didnt go to see the film. Instead, I stayed at home. ( )1. (2010北京卷)_they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.A. As B. While C. Until D. Once D“一旦学生们决定了去哪所大学读书，他们就得研究办理入学的手
25、续。”as当；因为；while作连词强调一件事发生时另外一个动作正在进行；until直到； once一旦。 They spend half their time dreaming up ways of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things they would do once they got rich. (P8)()2. (2010湖南卷)Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of har
26、d work _ has made him what he is today.A. why B. when C. which D. that D 题干为强调句型，被强调部分为years of hard work，故选D项。 In fact，it_is you who have the most important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.(P12) 如何写好名词性从句 掌握了写好简单句的基础学习，要写好名词性从句就很容易了。什么样的名词性从句就应该置于什么位置。但是使用名词性从句主要应注意其引导词的用法与区别、何时用it作形式
27、主语或形式宾语来代替真正的主语从句或宾语从句等。(1) He told a lie to everyone. It is wrong. (合并成一个复合句) That he told a lie to everyone is wrong.(2)That he told a lie to everyone is wrong. I think(合并成复合句) I think that he told a lie to everyone is wrong.若宾语从句后还有补足语，要用 it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句尾。 根据英语语言表达方式，如果主语从句或宾语从句太长，可用it作形式主语或形式宾
28、语，真正主语和宾语置于后面，则得出该句最标准的语言表达句式： I think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.(3)Something was going on in the art. They were interested in it.(合并成一个复合句) 两句合并成一个句子，首先语义上要符合逻辑，这样可以确定主从句；再根据语法结构及连词的用法表述句子，得出该句为：They were interested in what_was_going_on_in_the_art. (宾语从 句 )或 为 ： They were interested in something_that_ was going on in the art. (that为定语从句，something that what)
