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1、IF 从句从句主句主句与过去情况相与过去情况相反时反时与现在情况相与现在情况相反时反时与将来事实可与将来事实可能相反时能相反时had donewould have done did (be 用用were)would do 1) did2)should+动原动原3) were to+动原动原would do1.If there were no air, the sky would be black. If I got the information, I would let you know.2. If we had got enough money, we would have bought
2、it.3. If you should fall, you would be injured. If it were to rain, we would not go there. If you had a villa, I would marry you. 现在现在过去过去将来将来# Exercises1. If I _ more time, I would have gone with him. A.had B. had had C. have had D. would haveB2. If I _you, I wouldnt return the call. A. be B. am C.
3、 was D. were D( 过去过去)( 现在现在)a. If they _ (be) here now, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (break) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takebrokewould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.c. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.werewould aska.
4、 If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould have goneIf he _
5、more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?should bewould makewould happenshould get upPRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanksc. If Robo
6、ts _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.were to controlwould be假如他来了假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看见我假如他看见我, 就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.在虚拟条件句中，若有动词在虚拟条件句中，若有动词were, should 或或had（+过去分词）过去分词），可，可以以省略省略if, 且把这三个词放在
7、且把这三个词放在主语之主语之前前，变成，变成倒装句倒装句。 If I were a bird, I would fly freely .=Were I a bird, I would fly freely .1.If you were handsome, I would marry you.2.If he should come tomorrow, I would give it to him.3. If it were to snow, I would not go .4. If he had come yesterday, you would have seen him.Should he
8、 come tomorrow, I would give it to him.=Were you handsome, I would marry you.Were it to snow, I would not go.Had he come yesterday, you would have seen him.3. _ he finished the work, he would not have been punished. A. If B. were C. had D. has C( 过去过去)I wish与过去愿望相反：与过去愿望相反：had doneI wish I had seen
9、that film.与现在愿望相反与现在愿望相反：did/wereI wish I were as handsome as you.与将来愿望相反与将来愿望相反：would/could /might+动词动词原形原形I wish I would try again.3. How I wish I _ a grown-up! A.were B. had been C. was D. amA( 现在现在)I wish I _as tall as you.wereI wish I _a bird.wereI wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish/wished
10、I _( eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eatenThe party was terrible, I wish I _ ( go ) to it.had never goneI wish it _( rain) tomorrow.would rainIf you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.从句与过去事实相反从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现主句与现在事实相反在事实相反混合虚拟混合虚拟/ 错综虚拟语气错综虚拟语气If the staff _more careful, the mall
11、_on fire now.had beenwould not be句型练习句型练习.1. 我要是你的话我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。我就会把英语学好。2. 如果你昨天来如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。你就会看见他。3. 万一明天下雨万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。我们就不到那儿去。4. 我希望我十年前认识他。我希望我十年前认识他。Homework名词性从句中要求名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词用虚拟语气的动词 suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require etc.引导的宾引导的宾 语从句
12、要用虚拟语气，以语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + v原原的形的形 式出现。式出现。 We all suggest that he ( should ) finish his homework first. The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at once.Its suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主语从句中要使用
13、后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原原.的形式出的形式出现。现。 Its ordered that only German ( should ) be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin. Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school. 以上这些动词的以上这些动词的名词形式名词形式后面的后面的表语从句表语从句 和和同位语从句同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以中也要用虚拟语气，也应以 (should) +
14、v(should) + v原原. . 的形式出现。的形式出现。 My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here. His request that his cost ( should ) be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.1. suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist等动词后的宾语从句常用I suggest (that) he (should) go to see the doctor toda
15、y.I order that you not disturb othersin class.“ should+动词原形动词原形”， should可以省略。2. It is suggested/desired/ordered/necessary/importantthat 等结构后的主语从句:It is necessary that we (should)enjoy ourselves to the bars .3. It is time that 从句动词一从句动词一般用般用过去时态过去时态e.g. It is time that we went to sleep.4. should ( mi
16、ght, could, would, need) have done sthe.g. Ululant, you should not have died so earlier! I need not have cried so much, since I was left so much fortune. 5. as if引导的状语从句，引导的状语从句， 有时用虚拟有时用虚拟e.g. She acts as if she were a beauty.6. if onlye.g. If only that I were not so thin.I would rather that you pa
17、ssed away right now.I would rather you had been here yesterday.7. would rather3. -Do you have a computer? -No, but I wish I _ one . A. have B. had C. having D. have had B4. -I feel I am so tired tonight. -Well, it is time that you_. A. go to bed B. would go to bed C. went to bed D. going to bedC( 现在现在)( 特殊特殊)5. It is necessary that the lazy boy_ the class meeting. A. will attend B. attends C. attend D. attendedC6. If I had seen the movie, I_ you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have toldA( 特殊特殊)( 错综错综)
