经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Ralph Waldo Emerson爱默生简介 ---------方涵琦 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用生平简介•拉尔夫拉尔夫·沃尔多沃尔多·爱默生（爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson，，1803年－年－1882年），生于波士顿年），生于波士顿 美国思想家、文学家，诗人美国思想家、文学家，诗人 爱默生是确立美国爱默生是确立美国文化精神的代表人物文化精神的代表人物 美国前总统林肯称他为美国前总统林肯称他为“美国的孔子美国的孔子”、、“美国文明之父美国文明之父”1803年年5月月6日出生于马萨诸塞州波士顿附近的康考德村，日出生于马萨诸塞州波士顿附近的康考德村，1882年年4月月27日在波士顿逝世他的生命几乎横日在波士顿逝世他的生命几乎横贯贯19世纪的美国，他出生时候的美国热闹却混沌，世纪的美国，他出生时候的美国热闹却混沌，一些人意识到它代表着某种新力量的崛起，却无一些人意识到它代表着某种新力量的崛起，却无人能够清晰的表达出来。
人能够清晰的表达出来 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803 – April 27, 1882) was an American lecturer, philosopher, essayist, and poet, best remembered for leading the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thoughts through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States.Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of Transcendentalism in his 1836 essay, Nature. Following this ground-breaking work, he gave a speech entitled The American Scholar in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. considered to be America's "Intellectual Declaration of Independence".[1] Considered one of the great lecturers of the time, Emerson had an enthusiasm and respect for his audience that enraptured crowds. 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用早年经历早年经历 • 爱默生出身牧师家庭，他的父亲是威廉·爱默生是一位知名的一位论派牧师。
爱默生在即将过八岁的两周前父亲过世（1811年），由母亲和姑母抚养他成人隔年他被送到了波士顿拉丁学校就读在1817年10月爱默生14岁时，他入读哈佛大学并且被任命为新生代表，这个身份让他获得免费住宿的机会为了增添微薄的薪水，寒假期间他会到Ripley 伯父在马萨诸塞州瓦胜市的学校进行及教学事务在校期间，他阅读了大量英国浪漫主义作家的作品，丰富了思想，开阔了视野1821年爱默生从哈佛大学毕业后，他协助自己的兄弟在母亲的家中设立一所给年轻女性就读的学校，这是在他于切尔姆斯福德设立自己的学校以后的事；当爱默生的兄弟前往格丁根读神学时，爱默生负责主持这所学校之后数年，爱默生都过著担任校长的日子，然后进了哈佛大学神学院，并于1829年以一位论派牧师的形象崭露头角 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Emerson wrote most of his important essays as lectures first, then revised them for print. His first two collections of essays – Essays: First Series and Essays: Second Series, published respectively in 1841 and 1844 – represent the core of his thinking, and include such well-known essays as Self-Reliance, The Over-Soul, Circles, The Poet and Experience. Together with Nature, these essays made the decade from the mid-1830s to the mid-1840s Emerson's most fertile period.Emerson wrote on a number of subjects, never espousing fixed philosophical tenets, but developing certain ideas such as individuality, freedom, the ability for man to realize almost anything, and the relationship between the soul and the surrounding world. Emerson's "nature" was more philosophical than naturalistic; "Philosophically considered, the universe is composed of Nature and the Soul.“While his writing style can be seen as somewhat impenetrable, and was thought so even in his own time, Emerson's essays remain one of the linchpins of American thinking, and Emerson's work has influenced nearly every generation of thinker, writer and poet since his time. When asked to sum up his work, he said his central doctrine was "the infinitude of the private man." 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Early life, family, and education•Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts on May 25, 1803, son of Ruth Haskins and the Rev. William Emerson, a Unitarian minister. He was named after his mother's brother Ralph and the father's great-grandmother Rebecca Waldo. Ralph Waldo was the second of five sons who survived into adulthood; the others were William, Edward, Robert Bulkeley, and Charles. Three other children—Phebe, John Clarke, and Mary Caroline–died in childhood.•The young Ralph Waldo Emerson's father died from stomach cancer on May 12, 1811, less than two weeks before Emerson's eighth birthday.Emerson was raised by his mother, with the help of the other women in the family; his aunt Mary Moody Emerson played an important role. Aunt Mary had a profound effect on Emerson. She lived with the family off and on, and maintained a constant correspondence with Emerson until her death in 1863. 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用Emerson's formal schooling began at the Boston Latin School in 1812 when he was nine.In October 1817, at 14, Emerson went to Harvard College and was appointed freshman messenger for the president, requiring Emerson to fetch delinquent students and send messages to faculty. Midway through his junior year, Emerson began keeping a list of books he had read and started a journal in a series of notebooks that would be called "Wide World". He took outside jobs to cover his school expenses, including as a waiter for the Junior Commons and as an occasional teacher working with his uncle Samuel in Waltham, Massachusetts By his senior year, Emerson decided to go by his middle name, Waldo. Emerson served as Class Poet; as was custom, he presented an original poem on Harvard's Class Day, a month before his official graduation on August 29, 1821, when he was 18. He did not stand out as a student and graduated in the exact middle of his class of 59 people.In 1826, faced with poor health, Emerson went to seek out warmer climates. He first went to Charleston, South Carolina, but found the weather was still too cold. He then went further south, to St. Augustine, Florida, where he took long walks on the beach, and began writing poetry. While in St. Augustine, he made the acquaintance of Prince Achille Murat. Murat, the nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, was only two years his senior; the two became extremely good friends and enjoyed one another's company. The two engaged in enlightening discussions on religion, society, philosophy, and government, and Emerson considered Murat an important figure in his intellectual education.While in St. Augustine, Emerson had his first experience of slavery. At one point, he attended a meeting of the Bible Society while there was a slave auction taking place in the yard outside. He wrote, "One ear therefore heard the glad tidings of great joy, whilst the other was regaled with 'Going, gentlemen, going'!" 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用•1. Emerson’s transcendentalism: The over-soul—it is an all-pervading power goodness, from which all things come and of which all are a part. It is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings and a religion. It is a communication between an individual soul and the universal over-soul. And he strongly believe in the divinity and infinity of man as an individual, so man can totally rely on himself. 2.Transcendentalism—it is a philosophic and literary movement that flourish in New England, as a reaction against rationalism and Calvinism. It stressed intuitive understanding of god without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind.• 3.His attitude toward nature: Emerson loves nature. His nature is the garment of the over-soul, symbolic and moral bound. Nature is not something purely of the matter, but alive with God’s presence. It exercise a healthy and restorative influence on human beings. Children can see nature better than adult.•We do not look in our great cities for our best morality. Jane Austin 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用名言警句Everyone has a kind of belligerent attitude of mind, are inclined to this eternal war crimes, he wanted to prove himself as a mighty force alone will be able to deal with the enemy —— Emerson人人内心都有一种好战的态度，都倾向于战争这种永恒的罪行，他想以此证明自己单枪匹马就能对付敌人的千军万马 Progress is the activity of today and the assurance of tomorrow . (Emerson, American thinker ) 进步是今天的活动、明天的保证。
(美国思想家 爱默生) 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为的，应当按照消费者的要求增加赔偿其受到的损失，增加赔偿的金额为消费者购买商品的价款或接受服务的费用.Shallow men believe in luck. Self-trust isthe first secret of success肤浅的人相信运气，而成功的首要秘诀是自信美国思想家爱默生,R.W. Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.不要沿着前人留的路走，去自己开路并留下足迹美国思想家爱默生,R.W. Insist on yourself; never imitate… Every great man is unique.坚持做你自己；不要模仿别人......每个伟大的人都是独一无二的美国思想家爱默生,R.W. The lanscope belongs to the man who looks at it .Ralph Waldo Emerson, American thinker 风景属于看风景的人。
美国思想家爱默生R W To fill the hour --- that is happiness.Ralph Woldo Emerson, American thinker 让时间过得充实些，那才是幸福美国思想家爱默生,R.W. 。