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1、Mark Twain(1835-1910) Samuel Langhorne Clemens 塞缪尔塞缪尔. 朗赫恩朗赫恩. 克莱门斯克莱门斯Mark Twains Life:- born in Florida - apprenticed to a printer- a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi- went to the silver fields of Nevada- joined the staff of Territorial Enterprise- began his career as a frontier humoristBirthnMa
2、rk Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri. He was the sixth of seven children of John and Jane Lampton Clemens. Only three of his siblings survived childhood.MovenApproximately four years after his birth, in 1839, the Clemens family moved 35 miles east to t
3、he town of Hannibal. A growing port city that lie along the banks of the Mississippi, Hannibal was a frequent stop for steam boats arriving by both day and night from St. Louis and New Orleans.As a slave state, Missouri made young Twain become familiar with the institution of slavery, a theme he lat
4、er explored in his writing.ChildhoodnSamuels father was a judge, and he built a two-story frame house at 206 Hill Street in 1844. As a youngster, Samuel was kept indoors because of poor health. However, by age nine, he seemed to recover from his ailments and joined the rest of the towns children out
5、side. He then attended a private school in Hannibal.A Printers ApprenticenIn March 1847, when Twain was 11, his father died of pneumonia (肺炎). The following year, he became a printers apprentice and typesetter. When he was 8, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York City, Philadelphia, S
6、t. Louis and Cincinnati. Young JournalistnIn 1851, he began working as a contributor of articles and humorous sketches for the Hannibal Journal, a newspaper owned by his brother, Orion.How did he make it?While working as a printer, he began to educate himself in public libraries in the evenings, fin
7、ding wider sources of information than he would have at a conventional school.A Steamboat PilotnAt 22, Twain returned to Missouri. On a voyage to New Orleans down the Mississippi, the steamboat pilot, Bixby, inspired Twain to likewise pursue a career as a steamboat pilot; it was a richly rewarding o
8、ccupation. He worked on the river and serve as a river pilot until the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and traffic along the Mississippi was curtailed （减少）.Confederate GuerrillanWhen the war began, Twain and his friends formed a Confederate militia (depicted in an 1885 short story “The Private
9、History of a Campaign That Failed”), which drilled for only two weeks before disbanding. After quitting, Twain joined his brother, Orion, who had been appointed secretary to the territorial governor of Nevada.Gold RushnTwain and his brother traveled for more than two weeks on a stagecoach across the
10、 Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains, visiting the Mormon community in Salt Lake City along the way. These experiences became the basis of the book Roughing It and provided material for The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.Travel to EuropenTwain failed as a miner and found work at a Virg
11、inia City newspaper and then traveled to San Francisco, California, where he continued as a journalist and began lecturing.nIn 1867, a local newspaper funded a trip to the Mediterranean. During his tour of Europe and the Middle East, he wrote a popular collection of travel letters which were compile
12、d as The Innocents Abroad in 1869.His MarriagenAt 34 years old, he married Olivia Langdon Clemens, daughter of a New York coal magnate, a member of the countrys wealthy elite. At 36 years old, Twain settled in Hartford, Connecticut, where he lived his most productive years (till 1891), and his best
13、books were published while he lived there.His Daughters and His FamilynTwain outlived Jean and Susy. He passed through a period of deep depression, which began in 1896 when his favorite daughter Susy died of meningitis (脑膜炎). Olivias death in 1904 and Jeans death on December 24, 1909 deepened his gl
14、oom. A family picture of (left to right): Clara, Sam, Jean, Livy, and Susy in 1884Later Life and DeathnTwain made a second tour of Europe, described in the 1880 book A Tramp Abroad. His tour included a visit to London where, in the summer of 1900. He returned to America in 1900, having earned enough
15、 to pay off his debts.Mark Twains DeathnMark Twain died on April 21, 1910 in Redding, Connecticut.1835年，马克年，马克. 吐温诞生那一年，哈雷彗星吐温诞生那一年，哈雷彗星划过长空，该星于划过长空，该星于1910年返回。马克吐温预年返回。马克吐温预言他将随这颗彗星而去。言他将随这颗彗星而去。1910年年4月月19日，哈日，哈雷彗星闪现在天际，雷彗星闪现在天际，4天之后，马克吐温果真天之后，马克吐温果真随之离开了人间。随之离开了人间。Figures of SpeechnmetaphornMark
16、Twain- Mirror of American saw clearly ahead a black wall of nightn main artery of transportation in the young nations heart.n the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United StatesAll would resurface in his books that he soaked upSteamboat decks teemed main current of but its flotsamWhen
17、 railroads began drying up the demand the epidemic of gold and silver feverTwain began digging his way to regional fameMark Twain honed and experimented with his new musclesnsimilen a men cry that seemed phonographicnHyperbolen cruise through eternal boyhood and endless summer of freedom.Figures of
18、SpeechnparallelismnMost Americans remember the father of Huck Finns idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyers endless summer of freedom and adventure.nEuphemismn mens final release from earthly struggle.Figures of SpeechnPersonificationnLife dealt him profound personal tragedies.n the r
19、iver had acquainted him withn to literatures enduring gratituden an entry that will determine his course forevern the grave world smiles as usualnBitterness fed on the mannAmerica laughed with him.nPersonal tragedy haunted his entire life.Figures of SpeechnAntithesisn between what people claim to be
20、 and what they really aren took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Landn a world which will lament them a day and forget them foreverFigures of SpeechnAlliterationnThe cast of characters set before himn the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at homen with a dash and daringnMetonymynhis pen would prove mightier than his pickax.Figures of Speech
