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1、第 11 讲 主谓一致用所给单词的适当形式填空1There _ (be) some water in the bottle.is2_ (be) there many American friends in the school lastFriday?Were3Most of our earth _ (be) covered with water. 4Sunday _ (be) the first day of a week.is5The police often _ (help) the children cross the street.6The whole family _ (be) en
2、joying the light music now. ishelpare7Neither he nor I _ (be) from Canada.8Either you or he _ (be) right. 9Not only Tom but also his parents _ (like) the film. 10 The news _ (be) terrifying.We all got nervoussuddenly.was11Nobody _ (like) that kind of man.12Each of them _ (have) a red pen.13Both Mary
3、 and Jim _ (be) good students. 14Two million dollars _ (be) enough to rebuild the village.amislikelikeshas/hadareis15This pair of shoes _ (be) expensive.16To see _ (be) to believe.17My father and mother _ (agree) with me. 18There _ (be) a pen and some pencils in the box.is19The woman with a baby _ (
4、be) my mother. 20One of my friends _ (have) moved to America.I missher so much.hasisisagreeis/was谓语因受主语支配，需和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这种语法现象叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。语法一致原则1主语是单数名词或代词时，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数。如：Jane likes English very much.简很喜欢英语。They like English very much.他们很喜欢英语。2and 或 both.a
5、nd.连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。如：Tom and John are good friends.汤姆和约翰是好朋友。注意：(1)当 and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。如：The writer and singer was invited to the party.那位作家兼歌手被邀请参加派对。(2)当 and 连接的名词被 each, every 或 no 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.刚才每位男生和女生都得到了一个苹果。3当主语后面跟有 with, wi
6、thout, together with, along with,except, besides, but, as well as, like, including 等介词短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致(即就远原则)。如：The boy together with his parents works hard.那个男孩和他的父母一起努力工作。4动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Walking is good for our health.散步有利于我们的健康。5由不定代词 either, neither, each, one, everyone, someone,an
7、yone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something,anything, nothing, everything 等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。如：Everybody is here.所有人都到齐了。意义一致原则1科目名称 maths, physics, politics 等和 news 本身不表示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。如：I think physics is an interesting subject.我认为物理是一门有趣的学科。2trousers, shoes, glasses, pants 等为复数名词，作主
8、语时谓语动词用复数。但当它们前面有 pair of, kind of 等修饰时，则根据 pair 和 kind 的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如：His shoes are beautiful.他的鞋子很漂亮。This pair of trousers belongs to Tom.这条裤子属于汤姆。3表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量等的短语作主语时，常表示一个整体概念整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数。如：Two months is quite a long time.两个月是很长的一段时间。4集体名词如 family, class, group, team 等作主语表示整体时用单数，表
9、示集体中的具体成员时用复数。如：His family is a big family.他的家庭是个大家庭。His family are all the fans of Yao Ming.他的家人都是姚明的粉丝。5某些名词如 people (people 指“民族”时除外), police 等，形式上是单数但意义上是复数，作主语时谓语动词要用复数。如：The police are running after a thief.警察们正在追赶那个小偷。6 “the 形容词”表示一类人和“the 姓氏的复数形式”表示夫妇或一家人作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The Smiths like watchi
10、ng TV.史密斯一家人都喜欢看电视。7分数、百分比及 some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of等后接单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；接复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。如：70% of the earth is covered with water.70%的地球表面被水覆盖。60% of the teachers in our school are women.我们学校 60%的老师是女的。就近原则1在 there be 句型和以 here 开头的句子中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：There is a book and thr
11、ee dictionaries on the desk.桌子上有一本书和三本字典。Here is Jim and his parents.这是吉姆和他的父母。2在 either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also, or, not.but.等结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。()1.(2011 年广东)David, there _ a dictionary andAsome books on your d
12、esk.Please put them away.OK.Mum.Ill do it right away.AisBareChasDhave解析：there be 句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。()2.(2011 年广东河源)The number of teachers in our school_ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in thisschool _ from the countryside.BAwas; isCwere; areBwas; areDwere; is解析：the number of 表示“的数
13、量”，谓语动词与主语 number 保持一致，用单数；“a number of复数可数名词”表示“许多”，谓语动词用复数。()3.(2011 年广东茂名)Where _ my glasses? I cantfind them.BAisBareCwas解析：glasses 为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。()4.(2011 年 广 东 深 圳 )He, together with his parents,B_ going to visit Shanghai in July.How about you?Im afraid I have to stay at home _.Aare; on my
14、 ownCis; by my ownBis; by myselfDare; on myself解析：介词短语 together with 后的谓语动词应和它前面的主语 he 保持一致，故 A、D 项错误；by oneselfon ones own 独自。故选 B。()5.(2010 年广东)Robert with his two kids _ to theBbeach for vacation every year.AgoCwentBgoesDare going解析：由 every year 可排除 C、D 选项；当主语后跟有 with,along with, as well as 等介词短语
15、时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致。主语 Robert 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数。()6.(2010 年广东梅州)_ of the land in that country_ covered with tree and grass.D 解析：分数的构成原则是：分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于一时，分母加-s；分数后面的名词是 land，为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故选 D。ATwo five; isBTwo fifths; areCTwo five; areDTwo fifths; is()7.(2010 年广东深圳)The number of the students in ourAclass _ fifty-six.How many of _ are girls?Ais; themCis; theyBare; themDare; they解析：the number of 意为“的数目”，后面用单数谓语动词；of 是介词，后接代词宾格。故选 A。()8.(2010 年 广 东 佛 山 )I asked for some more milk, butthere _ none left.CAareBwereCwas解析：none 指代 milk，是不可数名词，故 there be 中的 be用单数。选 C。
