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1、Section Grammar一二一、阅读下列句子,指出句子中画线部分的从句类型1.What he told me was unbelievable.从句类型:2.It was right that the temple was rebuilt.从句类型:3.It is well known that China is playing a more and more important part in the world.从句类型:4.He told me that he came from the United States.从句类型:5.It was because he was ill
2、yesterday.从句类型:主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句一二二、阅读下列句子,指出句子中的主语1.A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。主语:2.To see is to believe.眼见为实。主语:3.Raising pigs is the girls job.养猪是那个女孩的工作。主语:4.He often gets up late.他经常起床很晚。主语:5.Whether he will help us depends on you.他是否将帮助我们取决于你。主语:A bad beginningTo seeRaising
3、pigsHeWhether he will help us语法图解名词性从句()主语从句Grammar:主语从句1.主语从句的定义:在复合句中起主语作用的句子称为主语从句。2.主语从句在句中作主语,有以下两种结构:(1)主语从句位于句首用“”号画出下列句子的主语从句,并译成汉语What he did in the earthquake moved everybody.翻译答案:What he did in the earthquake moved everybody.他在地震中做的事感动了每一个人。Whose car runs faster should be tested.翻译答案:Whos
4、e car runs faster should be tested.应该测试一下谁的车跑得更快。Who kept the door open all night was unknown.翻译答案:Who kept the door open all night was unknown.没人知道是谁让门整夜开着。(2)主语从句位于句尾,用it作形式主语用“”号画出下列句子的主语从句,并译成汉语It is reported that the rain will stop tomorrow.翻译答案:It is reported that the rain will stop tomorrow.据
5、报道,明天雨会停。It is certain that we will win the victory.翻译答案:It is certain that we will win the victory.我们一定会取得胜利。It is a pity that he didnt come to the party.翻译答案:It is a pity that he didnt come to the party.可惜的是他没来参加晚会。It happened that I was out that day.翻译答案:It happened that I was out that day.碰巧那天我不
6、在。Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?翻译答案:Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?那位科学家下周要来给我们做报告的事是真的吗?3.主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类:(1)that,whether/if连词 that 本身没有意义,不作句子成分,只表示从句的开始,位于句首时 that 不能省略;whether/if含有“是否”的意思。单句填空you dont like him is none of my busin
7、ess.答案:Thatwe can control the floods is still uncertain.答案:WhetherIt doesnt matter she will come or not.答案:whether(2)连接代词what,who(m),which,whose,除了引导主语从句之外,还在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语或定语;连接副词when,where,why,how,除了引导主语从句之外,还在从句中作状语。翻译下列句子,并说明引导词在从句中充当的成分Who will do it doesnt matter.翻译答案:谁做这件事都没有关系。(连接代词who在从句中作主
8、语)What we need is more water.翻译答案:我们需要的是更多的水。(连接代词 what 在从句中作 need 的宾语)When we start the work is an important question.翻译答案:我们什么时候开始这项工作是个很重要的问题。(连接副词 when 在从句中作时间状语)(3)whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever与 what,who(m),which的用法一样,只是具有较强的语意,含有“凡是,不管,无论”等含义。翻译句子Whatever he said wasnt true.翻译答案:不管他说什么都不
9、是事实。Whichever book you choose is yours.翻译答案:无论你选中哪本书都归你。4.主语从句应注意的几个问题(1)主语从句总是使用陈述语序单句改错When will we start hasnt been decided.答案:will wewe willWhat do we need are food and water.答案:去掉do(2)主语从句的主谓一致A.含有主语从句的句子,主句谓语动词多用单数形式。B.含有what引导的主语从句的句子,主句的谓语动词有时与表语保持一致。C.有两个引导词引导的主语从句若表示一件事情,主句谓语动词应该用单数形式;若表示两
10、件事情,主句谓语动词应该用复数形式。单句填空Why he didnt come to the meeting(be) a question we should make clear.答案:isWhat he said at the meeting(be)very important.答案:wasWho will hold the meeting(have not) been decided.答案:hasntWhat I want(be) a new bicycle.答案:isWhat my mother bought(be) some books.答案:areWhen and where he
11、 was born(be) not clear.答案:isWhat caused the accident and who would be responsible for it(have) not been found out.答案:have(3)it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较从形式上看,强调句型与it作形式主语的句型很像,但二者有本质的区别。判断关键:如把句中的It is/was和that去除,句子成分仍然完整,说明该句为强调句型,否则则为主语从句。判断句子类型并译成中文It is a pity that he cant go with us.句子类型翻译答案:主语从句;很遗憾他不能
12、同我们一起去。It was in Paris that they met for the first time.句子类型翻译答案:强调句;他们第一次见面是在巴黎。(4)在“It is said/believed/reported that.”“It happens/occurs that.” “It doesnt matter that.”等句型中that引导的主语从句不可提到句首。判断句子正(T)误(F)()It is said that the President will visit that country next week.()That the President will vis
13、it that country next week is said.答案:TF一、单句填空1.It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.答案:that 2. matters most in learning English is enough practice.答案:What 3. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a strong
14、er,more prosperous economy.答案:It4. team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.答案:Whichever5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.答案:Whoever二、单句改错1.That your father wants to know is how you are getting on with your studies.答案:ThatWhat 2.That you will be admitted to New York University will be decided by the Admission Committee.答案:ThatWhether 3.Which team will get the gifts are still unknown.答案:areis4.Who will go make no difference.答案:makemakes5.That prices will go up are certain.答案:areis
