《Grammarfocus》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Grammarfocus（33页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?GrammarFocusTheobjectclause一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语序序时时态态1.UncleWangcameuptosee_therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine.
2、2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather_ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.if/whetherwhether3.Idontknow_togoorstay.4._thatistrue,whatshouldwedo?whetherIf5._theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampionsonlytimewilltell.WhetherCompletethesentenceswithif /whether.Object clauses with wh-questionsExcuseme,doyouknoww
3、hereIcanbuysomemedicine?Cloudyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Readthesentencesbelow,payingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.Iwonderwhentheparkclosestoday.Couldyoutellmewheretherestroomsarefirst?Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfoodq
4、uickly?Letsaskwhattimethebandstarts.（一）连接词。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不（一）连接词。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且不能省略。不能省略。Iaskwhatyouaredoingnow.我问你现在正在干什么？我问你现在正在干什么？（二）词序。用（二）词序。用“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+陈述句陈述句”的的词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同。词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同。Hedidnttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。他没告诉我什么时候
5、我们再见面。连接词连接词宾语从句是由陈述句转化成的，连接词用宾语从句是由陈述句转化成的，连接词用that；宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化成的，连接词宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化成的，连接词用用if或或whether；宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化成的，连接词宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化成的，连接词直接用特殊疑问词直接用特殊疑问词(如如who,what,why,where,whose)做引导词，后面变为陈述语序。做引导词，后面变为陈述语序。如：如：Iwonderifheisadriver.我想知道他是否是个司机。我想知道他是否是个司机。DoyouknowwhereIcangetadictionary?你知道
6、我在哪里能买到词典吗？你知道我在哪里能买到词典吗？语序语序不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序，即从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、宾语序，即从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。语和宾语。Ishallwritetoyouwhat I want to say.我会写给你我想说的话。我会写给你我想说的话。Idontknowwho wants to borrow these magazines.我不知道谁想借这些杂志。我不知道谁想借这些杂志。时态时态主句和从句的时态须保持一致。如果主
7、句主句和从句的时态须保持一致。如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能用过去的某种时态用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。Imsorrytohearthatyourmotherisill.听说你母亲病了，我很难过。听说你母亲病了，我很难过。ShedidntknowthatTomhadleftforShanghai.她不知道汤姆已去了上海。她不知道汤姆已去了上海。宾语从句的注意事从句的注意事项1.
8、引引导词及及语序的序的变化化规律律句式句式引引导词语序序陈述句述句that(口口语中常省略中常省略)不不变一般疑一般疑问句句if/whether陈述述语序序特殊疑特殊疑问句句特殊疑特殊疑问词陈述述语序序2.时态（1）如如果果主主句句是是一一般般现在在时或或将将来来时，宾语从从句句可可根根据据句句意意的的需需要要而而选用用任任何何一种一种时态。（2）若若主主句句是是一一般般过去去时时，宾语从从句用表示句用表示过去的某种去的某种时态。1.当当宾语从从句句的的内内容容是是客客观事事实或或科科学学真真理理时，不不论主主句句是是什什么么时态，从从句句都都用用一一般般现在在时态。2.当当主主句句谓语动词为
9、think，suppose，guess,believe等等,并并且且主主语为第第一一人人称称时，从从句句的的否否定定词应转移移为对主主句句谓语动词的的否否定定,即即否定前否定前移。移。例如：例如：Theteachersaid(that)theearthgoesaroundthesun.Idontthinkshecares,doesshe?Youdontthinkshecares,doyou?Hedoesntthinkhecares,doeshe? 3.“两副面孔两副面孔”if和和when等等既既能能引引导宾语从从句句，又又能能引引导状状语从从句句。因因此此，碰碰到到此此种种情情况况要要认真真分
10、分析析。当当从从句句表表示示将将来来时，若若引引导的的是是宾语从从句句，它它们的的时态常常用用一一般般将将来来时；若若引引导的的是是状状语从从句句，它它们的的时态常用一般常用一般现在在时代替将来代替将来时。Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwontcome.（时时间间状状语从句）语从句）Idontknowifitwillraintomorrow.（宾宾语语从句）从句）宾语从句用法从句用法宾语从句需注意，几点事从句需注意，几点事项应牢牢记。一是关一是关键引引导词，不同句子，不同句子词相异。相异。陈述述句句子子用用that；一一般般疑疑问是是否否（if,whether）替；）替；特殊特殊问句更
11、好句更好办，引，引导还用疑用疑问词。二二是是时态常常变化化，主主句句不不同同从从句句异异。主主句句若若为现在在时，从从句句时态应看看意意；主主句句若若为过去去时，从句，从句时态向前移。向前移。三是三是语序要序要记清，从句永保清，从句永保陈述序。述序。Exercise1.Canyousee_?A.whathesreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat2.2.DoesJackcomefromJapan?Doyouknow?(合并成一个句子合并成一个句子)Doyouknow_Jack_fromJapan?3.3.-Whatdidyou
12、rsonsayintheletter?-Hetoldmethathe_theDisneythenextday.4.A.willvisitB.hasvisited5.C.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit4.Somebodycalledyoujustnow,butIdidntknow_.A.whoweretheyB.whotheywereC.whowasitD.whoitwas5.Iwanttoknow_.A.whatishisnameB.whatshisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis6.-Couldyoutellme_sheislooki
13、ngfor?-Hercousin,Susan.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which7.MissGreendidnttellus_in2002.A.wheredoessheliveB.whereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived8.Idontknowwhen_.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveB.C.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave9.Doyouknow_duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdid
14、TomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid10.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_Who Moved My Cheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if11.Idontknow_Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.whereDA12.Weneverknow_theoldmanis.Theysayheisateacher.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where13.
15、Iwastold_BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhenBD14.Doyouknow_?Imgoingtoseehim.Sorry,Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived15.Wheredoyouthink_he_thecomputer？Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.d
16、oes;buyDA16.Doyouknow_?(谁谁正在唱歌正在唱歌)17.Doyouknow_?(她正在和谁谈话她正在和谁谈话)18.Doyouknow_?(昨天发生了什么事昨天发生了什么事)whoissinging whosheistalkingwith whathappenedyesterday 句型句型转换1.“Iamgettingonwellwithmynewclassmates,”Lucysays.(改改为复合句复合句)Lucy says _ she _ getting onwellwithhernewclassmates.2.DoyouhaveaQQnumber?Thegirlw
17、antstoknow.(改改为复合句复合句)Thegirlwantstoknow_you_aQQnumber.thatisifhave3.Whereisthepostoffice?Canyoutellme?(改改为复合句复合句)Canyoutellme_?4.Whattimewilltheairplanetakeoff?Thewomanasked.(改改为复合句复合句)The woman asked _ _ _takeoff.wherethepostofficeiswhentheairplanewould5.“Theearthtravelsaroundthesun,”Thegeographyt
18、eachersaid.（改（改为复合句）复合句）The geography teacher said that the earth_thesun.6.Ithinkitwillbesunnytomorrow.(改改为否否定句定句)I_it_sunnytomorrow.travels arounddont thinkwillbe【盐城城】14.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_?Itwillleaveat4:00p.m.A.howwillyougoShanghaiB.howyouwillgotoShanghaiC.whenwillthebusleaveforShanghaiD.whe
19、nthebuswillleaveforShanghai【解解析析】从从答答句句知知问的的应该是是时间，排排除除A和和B。又因。又因为宾语从句必从句必须用用陈述述语序，故序，故选D。【安徽芜湖安徽芜湖】48.-Couldyoutellme_?-YoucantakeNo.16bus.A.howcanwegettotheOlympicParkB.howwecangettotheOlympicParkC.howdidwegettotheOlympicParkD.howwegottotheOlympicPark【解析解析】特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语序；可排除序；可排
20、除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除现在时，可排除D；故；故B为正确答案。为正确答案。【铜仁铜仁】Iwonder_at8:00lastnight?IwaswatchingNBA.A.whatwereyoudoingB.whatdidyoudoC.whatyouweredoingD.whatareyoudoingC【北京北京】Idontremember_thebookyesterday.A.whereIputB.wheredidIputC.wherewillIputD.wherelwillput【2013漳州漳州】Theywonder_robotswillmak
21、ehumanslosetheirjobsornot.A.thatB.ifC.whetherAC【恩施恩施】-Iwonderwhen_beheld.-Ifit_,wellhaveitnextMonday.A.thesportsmeetingwill;doesntrainB.willthesportsmeeting;doesntrainC.thesportsmeetingwill;willnotrainA【湛江湛江】-Iwanttoknow_.-Sorry.Ivenoidea.Butshewasherejustnow.A.whereisAnnB.whereAnnisC.wherewasAnnD.whereAnnwas【2013盐城盐城】PeopleinYanchengareproudof_theyhaveachievedinthepastthirtyyears.A.howB.whichC.whatD.whenBC
