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1、谈谈九年级英语听力命题谈谈九年级英语听力命题 龙岩市普教室 谢露 2021年4月一、命题根据一、命题根据二、命题步骤二、命题步骤三、命题实例三、命题实例一、命题根据英语科考试以国家教育部制定的以下简称为和福建省教育厅颁发的为根据，结合我市初中英语教学实践情况进展命题。中指出“第五级为9年级终了时应到达的根本要求。 “五级目的 关于“听的要求：言语技艺五级目的听的技艺言语技艺五级目的听的技艺1、能根据语调和重音理讲解话者的意图；、能根据语调和重音理讲解话者的意图；2、能听懂有关熟习话题的说话，并能从中提取信、能听懂有关熟习话题的说话，并能从中提取信息和观念；息和观念；3、能借助语境抑制生词妨碍、
2、了解大意；、能借助语境抑制生词妨碍、了解大意；4、能听懂接近正常语速的故事和记叙文，了解故、能听懂接近正常语速的故事和记叙文，了解故事的因果关系；事的因果关系；5、能在听的过程中用适当方式做出反响；、能在听的过程中用适当方式做出反响；6、能针对所听语段的内容记录简单信息。、能针对所听语段的内容记录简单信息。 1. 明确考试要求明确考试要求 2. 拟定命题的细目表。拟定命题的细目表。 3. 听力资料的查找、编写或改编。听力资料的查找、编写或改编。 4. 试题的设计。试题的设计。 5. 标题的复检、校正。标题的复检、校正。 6. 录音。录音。 二、命题根本步骤二、命题根本步骤1. 明确考试要求明确
3、考试要求仔细研读仔细研读和和，熟习教材，明确考试定位。熟习教材，明确考试定位。2. 拟定命题的细目表拟定命题的细目表中考命题规范细目表中考命题规范细目表在命题前先填好细目表，目的明确，在命题前先填好细目表，目的明确，也可防止话题的多次反复，考点的重叠也可防止话题的多次反复，考点的重叠等问题。等问题。3. 听力听力资料的料的查找、找、编写或改写或改编。 原文最好是口原文最好是口语资料，要反映交料，要反映交际功功能，涉及能，涉及词汇应是口是口语中涉及的高中涉及的高频词汇。 原文要适宜考生的年原文要适宜考生的年龄特点和生活特点和生活实践。践。 试题的的设计要充分思索卷面上的要充分思索卷面上的阅读负担
4、担问题，要突出听力了解的要突出听力了解的调查，尽量减少，尽量减少阅读量。量。 要确保听力要确保听力题必需必需经过听而作答，假听而作答，假设只只经过读题即可作答，就没有意即可作答，就没有意义了。了。例如：例如：Which country is Sydney in?A. America. B. Australia. C. England.4. 试题的设计试题的设计 题干尽量干尽量简短，短，选项以以3个个为宜，力争宜，力争简约，这样有助于控制有助于控制阅读量，也有助于降低命量，也有助于降低命题的的难度。度。例如：例如：What was Jane doing this time yesterday？A
5、. She was reading a bookB. She was practicing the violin.C. She was doing her homework.可改可改为：A. Reading a book. B. Practicing the violin. C. Doing her homework. 不不设置置语法法错误的的选项，以免混淆，以免混淆调查重点。重点。例如：例如：What is wrong with Tom?He fall off the bike. B. He falls off the bike. C. He fell off the bike.如此如此设题
6、那么成了考那么成了考语法，偏离听力法，偏离听力测试目的。目的。 答案分布要均匀，各答案分布要均匀，各选项的答案的答案总数接近平均数接近平均值。检查考点考点设置能否合理？能否反复？置能否合理？能否反复？校正主要是拼写、打印校正主要是拼写、打印时能否出能否出现疏漏。疏漏。5. 标题的复检、校正标题的复检、校正三、我市中考听力三、我市中考听力题型及命型及命题实例例一一 2021年中考听力年中考听力题型型听力部分听力部分总分分值30分，占分，占试卷卷总分的分的20%。“. 听句子听句子, 选出与句子意思相符的出与句子意思相符的图片。每个片。每个句子句子读两遍。两遍。. 听听对话，选答案。答案。 听下面
7、听下面10段段对话，每段，每段对话后有一个或两后有一个或两个小个小题，从，从题中所中所给的的A、B、C三个三个选项中中选出出最正确最正确选项。每段。每段对话读两遍。两遍。III . 听短文，听短文，选择正确答案。听短文，从正确答案。听短文，从题中所中所给的的A、B、C三三个个选项中中选出最正确出最正确选项。短文。短文读两遍。两遍。. 听短文，填表格。听短文，根据短文内容在听短文，填表格。听短文，根据短文内容在空格中填入恰当空格中填入恰当的的单词每空一每空一词。短文。短文读三遍。三遍。二各二各题型的命型的命题实例例 1. 听句子听句子选图片片2021年中考年中考题:. 听句子听句子, 选出与句子
8、意思相符的出与句子意思相符的图片。每个句片。每个句子子读两遍。两遍。听力原文：1. My parents like cooking very much.2. Lets go and play football. 3. My father and I went to plant trees yesterday. 4. Mike is going to buy a new car. 5. The little boy is playing computer games. 该题型听的是句子，标题以图片呈现情景直截了当,考生没有阅读负担。调查要求较低，学生容易得分。 图片的片的选择要留意要留意图片片应
9、简约明晰，不宜明晰，不宜选用用视觉模糊的而模糊的而影响学生了解。影响学生了解。电脑上可以上可以识别者，打印出来那么未必，尤其是者，打印出来那么未必，尤其是背背风光彩光彩浓重者。重者。例如：例如：选择由线条组成的图案为佳，简笔画，印刷比较选择由线条组成的图案为佳，简笔画，印刷比较不受影响。不受影响。例如：例如：2句子的句子的编写写 句子句子应简单易懂，要点突出。易懂，要点突出。 句子和句子和图片片应有有较强的关的关联性，性，调查学生捕学生捕捉句子关捉句子关键信息的才干。信息的才干。2. 听对话选答案听对话选答案1610题是听一段是听一段对话，回答一个小，回答一个小题 2021年中考年中考题：听第
10、一段听第一段对话，回答第，回答第6小小题。6. How old is KangKangs sister?A. 14. B. 15. C. 16.听第二段听第二段对话，回答第，回答第7小小题。7. What time is it now?A. 7:30. B. 8:30. C. 9:30.听第三段听第三段对话，回答第，回答第8小小题。8. Whats Anns number?A. 158141058. B. 158101428. C. 158141028.听第四段听第四段对话，回答第，回答第9小小题。9. What does the man want to buy?A. A shirt. B.
11、A coat. C. A dress.听第五段听第五段对话，回答第，回答第10小小题。10. What does Michael want to drink?A. Coffee. B. Tea. C. Milk. 听力原文：听力原文：听第一段听第一段对话，回答第，回答第6小小题。W: Kangkang, how old is your sister?M: She is fourteen.听第二段听第二段对话，回答第，回答第7小小题。M: Excuse me. Could you tell me the time?W: Yes. Its half past eight. 听第三段听第三段对话，回
12、答第，回答第8小小题。M: Whats your number, Ann?W: Its 158141028.听第四段听第四段对话，回答第，回答第9小小题。M: Thats a nice coat. How much is it? W: 200 yuan.M: OK, Ill take it.听第五段听第五段对话，回答第，回答第10小小题。W: Would you like tea or coffee, Michael?M: Tea, please. 前前5段对话较短，根本上都是一问一答式。段对话较短，根本上都是一问一答式。设问简单，调查细节信息，答案根本上是从设问简单，调查细节信息，答案根本上
13、是从对话中可直接获取。问题印制在试卷上，降对话中可直接获取。问题印制在试卷上，降低了难度。假设问题是在录音中，那么要求低了难度。假设问题是在录音中，那么要求更高。更高。 2021年中考题：听第六段对话，回答第11、12小题。11. What are the speakers going to watch tomorrow?A. An animal show. B. A fashion show.C. A car show.12. Where will they meet?A. At the bus stop.B. In the classroom. C. At the school gate.
14、听第七段对话，回答第13、14小题。13. Where is the woman going?A. To the hospital. B. To the bookstore. C. To the library.14. Which bus does the woman need to take?A. The No. 3 bus. B. The No. 4 bus. C. The No. 5 bus. 听第八段对话，回答第15、16小题。15. How many rooms does the man want to book in Lantian Hotel?A. Two.B. Three.C.
15、 Four.16. How much will the man pay for the rooms?A.￥100.B.￥200.C.￥400.听第九段对话，回答第17、18小题。17. Where is the boy going to spend this weekend?A. On East Hill. B. On West Hill. C. On North Hill.18. What is the girl going to do this weekend?A. Do some housework. B. Look after her brother.C. Prepare for an
16、 exam.听第十段对话，回答第19、20小题。19. Whats the matter with Bruce? A. He has a toothache and a cold.B. He has a headache and a cough. C. He has a cough and a cold.20. Where are the speakers talking?A. In the classroom. B. In the street.C. In the hospital.21120小题是听一段对话，回答两个小题。听力原文：听力原文：听第六段听第六段对话，回答第，回答第11、12小
17、小题。M: Kate, are you free tomorrow?W: Sure, why?M: Theres going to be an animal show in the zoo. Lets go to watch it, shall we?W: Sounds great. When and where shall we meet?M: Lets make it 7:30, at the school gate.W: OK. See you then.听第七段听第七段对话，回答第，回答第13、14小小题。W: Excuse me, which is the way to XinHua
18、 Bookstore?M: XinHua Bookstore? Its about 6 kilometers away from here. You need to take a bus.W: Which bus can I take?M: You can take the No. 5 bus. Itll take you there.W: Thanks a lot.M: Youre welcome.听第八段听第八段对话，回答第，回答第15、16小小题。W: Good morning. Lantian Hotel. Can I help you?M: Good morning. I want
19、to make a room reservation.W: We have different kinds of rooms.M: How much does a standard room cost?W: A standard room with two beds costs ￥100M: I want to book two standard rooms.W: When do you want them? And how long do you plan to stay?M: March 22nd and 23rd, two days.。 听第九段对话，回答第17、18小题。W: Good
20、 morning. You look so happy today.M: My friends and I are going to spend this weekend together.W: What are you going to do?M: Were going to have a picnic on East Hill. Would you like to go with us?W: Id love to, but I have to prepare for my exam at home.M: What a pity! 听第十段对话，回答第19、20小题。W: Hey, Bruc
21、e. Class is over. Why not go out to play games? M: Well, Im not feeling well. I have a headache and a cough. W: Im sorry to hear that. Youd better go to see a doctor.M: Thats a good idea. I think I will.W: Shall I take you to the hospital?M: No, thank you. Ill take some medicine first and see how it
22、 goes.后后5段对话较长，问答段对话较长，问答3至至4个轮次，主要调查个轮次，主要调查细节信息，除第细节信息，除第16小题要经过计算而得出答小题要经过计算而得出答案，第案，第20小题经过推理判别话语发生的地点。小题经过推理判别话语发生的地点。问题印制在试卷上。问题印制在试卷上。3该题型命题时要留意该题型命题时要留意 话题的选择中“言语知识五级目的“话题要求：“1. 熟习与学生个人、家庭和学校生活亲密相关的话题；2. 熟习有关日常生活、兴趣喜好、风俗习惯、科学文化等方面的话题。附录中“四、话题工程表含个人情况Personal information、日常活动Daily rountines、学
23、校生活School life等24项内容。 话题的规划可供选择的话题广泛，因此不要局限于某些话题，进展过多的反复，调查的覆盖面可以大些。 试题的设计 调查细节信息，要求学生经过听对话获取现实性的详细信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件等。这类题所占比例最大。答题时只需根据所听的 ，不用进展逻辑推断。用“what, when, where, why, how.等进展提问。 对所听内容做出简单推断话语发生的场所、说话者之间的关系等，例如第16小题要经过计算而得出答案，第20小题经过推理判别话语发生的地点。“Where does the conversation take place?/ “Where a
24、re the speakers?“What is the probable relationship(关系) between the speakers?“Who is the woman probably?The boys mother, the boys teacher. 了解主旨和要义“What are the speakers talking about? 理讲解话者的意图、观念或态度“What does the boy think of the girls idea?2021年中考题：年中考题：21. When did the story happen?A. Last Sunday.
25、B. Last Monday. C. Last Tuesday. 22. What was the man doing while he was riding?A. Speaking on the telephone. B. Listening to an MP3. C. Looking around.23. What happened to him?A. He ran into a car. B. He ran into a bike. C. He ran into the wall.24. Which part of his body got hurt?A. His arm. B. His
26、 leg. C. His head.25. Who took him to the hospital?A. A policeman. B. One of his friends. C. The car driver.3.听短文选答案听短文选答案听力原文：Bicycles are popular. Most people think bicycles are much safer than cars. But sometimes accidents happen with bicycles. They can bring us sadness and death, as well.Last Su
27、nday, a bicycle accident happened in Zhongshan Road. At about 4:15 in the afternoon, a young man was riding his bicycle very fast while listening to an MP3. Meters away, there was a turn. Suddenly a car came from the other side. In order not to hit the car, he ran into the wall and his arm was badly
28、 hurt. The car driver rushed to him and took him to the hospital.该篇短文篇短文100词。内容根据教材八下。内容根据教材八下Unit 6 Topic 3 Section A 2a“A Bike Accident改改编。话题为学生所熟学生所熟习。该题型命题时要留意该题型命题时要留意: 作为听力资料的小短文，最好不含生词，语作为听力资料的小短文，最好不含生词，语句简单，表达直白，易于了解。听短文了解句简单，表达直白，易于了解。听短文了解其情节开展、人物关系、时间、缘由及结果其情节开展、人物关系、时间、缘由及结果等详细信息。讲话者或作者
29、的态度、意图等等详细信息。讲话者或作者的态度、意图等深层次了解也可以思索设题。要留意，方式深层次了解也可以思索设题。要留意，方式上此题与书面阅读了解想象，但题干和选项上此题与书面阅读了解想象，但题干和选项设置要简要，一目了然，不设置文字妨碍。设置要简要，一目了然，不设置文字妨碍。2021年中考题：年中考题：4. 听短文填表格听短文填表格TimeActivitiesMondayJenny and I arrived in London by 26 .TuesdayI bought some 27 but Jenny didnt buy anything.WednesdayWe visited t
30、he British Museum and had 28 in a Chinese restaurant. 29 I did some shopping and Jenny listened to a concert in the 30 SaturdayWe flew home.听力原文：听力原文：Dear Betty,I hope youre well. Im on holiday in London with my friend Jenny. We arrived by plane on Monday and took a taxi to our hotel.Then on Tuesday
31、 we saw the clock, Big Ben. I bought some presents but Jenny didnt buy anything!The next day we visited the British Museum and had dinner in a Chinese restaurant.On Thursday we relaxed. Its Friday today. I did some shopping and Jenny listened to a concert in the park. I came back to the hotel and re
32、ad the newspaper. Then I wrote some postcards and sent some emails. Tomorrow were going to fly home. It was a short holiday, but it was great! Say hello to your mum and dad.Love, Gran该题型用表格设题，使得义务更明确，可以该题型用表格设题，使得义务更明确，可以节省很多文字信息，给予考生更多的思索时节省很多文字信息，给予考生更多的思索时间和空间。表格的设置尽量简约明了。间和空间。表格的设置尽量简约明了。TimeFeelingEarly morning 81 Getting upnot happyOn the way to schoola little 82 In 83 madBefore lunch 84 Lunch time 85
