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1、Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars 某英文报“健康生活”栏目正在讨论有关健康食品、体育锻炼与少年儿童肥胖的问题。请根据李明的情况写一篇短文。 1李明过去吃垃圾食品，在家里整天看电视，不活动，以至于身体发胖，甚至连上楼都困难。 2他决心改变这种状况，再也不吃垃圾食品了，经常锻炼，外出活动。 3结果又恢复了健康的身体。 【写作要求】【写作要求】 1必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容； 2文章开头和结尾已经给出，不计入5个句子中。 参考词汇：垃圾食品 junk food; 零食 snack Li Ming used to be a healthy bo
2、y, but _ Months later, Li Ming became as fit as before. Li Ming used to be a healthy boy, but over a year ago, he got into the habit of eating a lot of junk food and snacks. Besides, he spent a lot of time lying on the sofa, watching TV, and did little exercise. As a result, he put on so much weight
3、 that he found it difficult to climb the stairs. So Li Ming decided to change the unhealthy lifestyle and have a balanced, healthy diet.He also took part in various sports activities such as swimming, skating, running and playing basketball. Months later, Li Ming became as fit as before.1. n. 天文学2.
4、n. 系统；体系；制度3. n. 宗教；宗教信仰4. n. 学说；理论5. n. 球体；地球仪；地球6. adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的7. n. 大气层；气氛 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ astronomy system religion theory globe violent atmosphere 8. prep. 不同；不像9. adj. 基本的；基础的10. adj. 有害的11. v. 乘；增加12. n. 氧13. vi. 存在；生存14. adv. 因此；于是_ _ _ _ _ _ _unlikefundamentalharmfulmultiplyoxygenexistthu
5、s15. n. 谜；难题 v. (使)迷惑；(使)为难16. n. 生物学17. n. 万有引力；重力18. adj. 温和的；文雅的19. v. 碰撞；坠落20. n. & vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力_ _ _ _ _puzzlebiologygravitygentlecrashpull1. 产生；分娩2. 轮到某人；接着3. 及时；总有一天；终于4. 冷却5. 提防；当心6. 依靠；依赖；取决7. 既然_ _ _ _ _ _ _ give birth to in ones turn in time cool down watch out depend on now that_ _ _ b
6、e different from on ones surface preventfrom block out escape from cheer up break out8. 与不同9. 在表面10. 阻止；制止11. 挡住 (光线)12. 从逃跑13. 感到高兴；感到振奋14. 突发；爆发_ _ be harmful to sb.get the hang of15. 对某人有害16. 熟悉；掌握；理解 1._ it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago _ the dust settle
7、d into a solid globe.2._ is even more important is _ as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. What thatwhen What 3.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, _ prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.4.So _ life will continue on the earth for m
8、illions of years to come will depend on _ this problem can be solved. whichwhetherwhether 1. violent adj. 猛烈的，凶暴的 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail. 强烈的风暴经常伴随雨、雪或冰雹。 violence n. 暴力，暴行violently adv. 猛烈地；剧烈地a violent wind 暴风a violent language 激烈的语言a violent attac
9、k 猛烈的攻击violent behaviour 暴力行为根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)人们非常关注青少年暴力行为。 There is a great concern about_among adolescents.(2)他突然患了严重的流感。 He was seized with_influenza.the violent behavioura violent attack of(3)狂风将船猛地推向一块巨大的礁石。 _ dashed the ship against a huge rock.The violent wind 2. spread v. (spread, spread) 展开
10、，传播 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease. 他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的传播。 spread out a map 摊开地图 spread news 传播消息根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)这座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city _ ten miles to the north.(2)苍蝇传播疾病。 Flies _ diseases.(3)坏消息通常传得快。 Bad news usually _.spreads forspreadsspreads qui
11、ckly 3. method n. 方法 We must find a good method to deal with the inflation. 我们必须找到一个好办法来解决通货膨胀。 method, means, manner, way与fashion 这组词的一般含义是“方法”或“方式”。 method 侧重“理论方法”，指做某件事的具体步骤或程序。 means (单复数同形)侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的，前面常加by。 manner 主要表示个人喜欢采用的方式或风格。 way 是最通用最不正式的词，可以用来代替前面的任何一个词。在不少含有way的词组中，理论上讲使用
12、method, means或 manner 可能表意更准确些，但经常还是使用way。 fashion 所表示的“方式”或“方法”实际上是一种“风尚”。 a new teaching method 一种新的教学方法 by all means 用各种方法 by means of 通过；一定；借助于by no means 决不，一点也不doin this way 用这种方法做follow the fashion 赶时髦be in (the) fashion 合乎时尚，流行的be out of (the) fashion (人、物)不合时尚；不流行with this method by this me
13、ans in this way用这种方法根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)你们为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？ Why are you talking_? (2)他总是随心所欲。 He always has _.(3)一定要尽力抢救那些生命垂危的人。 _ to save the dying.in such a strange mannerhis own wayTry by all means(4)这方法很见效。 _ worked effectively.(5)水可以用管子输送。 The water may be carried _a pipe.(6)为赶时髦她花费了不少钱。 It cost her
14、a lot of money _.This method by means ofto follow the fashion 4. force n. 力量，暴力；(可数)军队 vt. 强制，强迫，强加 Great military force of the country was exposed in the war exercise. 在战争演习中，该国展现出了强大的军事力量。 force sth. on sb. 勉强某人接受某事 putinto force 施行(法律等) force ones way 强行前进force sb. to do；force sb. into doing强制某人做
15、某事；逼迫某人做某事come into force 生效，实施by force 凭借暴力；强迫地by force of 由于；迫于 energy, force, power, strength energy 原是物理学上的术语“能量”，用于人时则指“精力”。 force 主要指外力，像暴力、武力之类。 power 电力； 能力，政权。 strength 体力。用以上短语的适当形式填空 (1)他迫使他们承认他是对的。 He _admit that he was right.(2)如果不能和平解决，只有用武力解决，这对各方都是不利的。 If the problem cannot be solved
16、 by peaceful means, then it must be solved _.Neither side would benefit from that.forced them toby force(3)警察巴里用力挤进人群，大声叫道：“站开！别吵架了！” The policeman Barry _ through the crowd, shouting “Stand aside! Break it up！”(4)长期以来，人类一直在与自然力作斗争。 Man has struggled long against_.forced his waythe forces of nature
17、5. mass n. 团，大量；质量 The newly developed engine has been put into mass production. 新研制成的引擎已经大规模投入生产了。 a mass ofmasses of 大量的 a mass of hot air 一团热空气 the masses 群众，民众 mass media 大众传媒 注意： a mass of 后接“人”时，谓语动词可以用单数形式也可以用复数形式。 根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)公园里有许多孩子在玩耍。 There _ children playing in the park.(2)大众传媒的传播手段
18、包括报纸、杂志、广播或电视。 _ include newspapers，magazines, radio, or television. is / are a mass ofThe means of mass communication / media (3)他经常深入群众。 He often went among _. the masses 1 . in time 最后，迟早，终于；及时，不迟 Peace will come in time. 和平总有一天会成为现实。be in time to do sth. 来得及做某事in no time 转眼工夫，立刻at times 有时，偶尔，不时
19、at a time 一次，每次at one time 有个时期；曾经，一度at any time 随时，无论何时at no time 永不，在任何时候都不用time 的相关短语填空(1)继续努力吧，你迟早会成功的。 Keep trying, and _ you will succeed.(2)我赶得上那趟火车吗？ Will I be _ for the train / to catch the train?in timein time(3)我马上就回来。 Ill be back _.(4)每次服两粒。 Take two pills _.(5)从前他们在这些峡谷中采煤。 _ they used
20、to mine for coal in these valleys.in no timeat a timeAt one time 2. get the hang of have the hang of 掌握；熟悉；理解 She got the hang of the job the moment she started it. 这活儿她一沾手就会了。 hang on to 紧紧抓住不放hang around 聚集在附近；缠住不放；闲荡hang up 挂断电话；使延期(停顿)用适当的介词或副词填空(1)不经过大量训练，你决不会掌握游泳的诀窍。 You can never get the hang
21、 _ swimming without lots of practice.(2)他已经没有什么东西可以指靠的了。 Nothing was left for him to hang on _.ofto(3)他失业后一直在这里闲着。 Since he lost his job, hes been hanging _ here.(4)车祸使交通中断了数小时。 The accident hung _ the traffic for several hours.aroundup 3. break out 突然发生(不可用于被动语态) War broke out between the two count
22、ries because both wanted to control the oil fields. 两个国家都想掌握油田的控制权，由此战争爆发了。 a fire / disease / war breaks out火灾/疾病/战争的突然爆发break up 解散；打碎break through 突破；强行穿过break away from脱离 break off 停止/ 断绝关系break into laughter / tears / cheers突然开始大笑/大哭/欢呼break down 谈判失败；精神崩溃，东西坏了根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)1939年战争爆发前不久，他们逃到了
23、美国。 They had escaped to America shortly before war _ in 1939.(2)当我把这件事告诉他时，他突然大笑起来。 When I told him the story, he _laughter.broke outbroke into (3)我们的车坏了，不得不把它拖到修车厂去。 Our car _ and we had to draw it to a garage.(4)战争爆发后，两国间断绝了外交关系。 When the war _， the two countries _ their diplomatic relationship.br
24、oke downbroke outbroke off (5)你能戒掉旧习惯吗？ Can you _ old habits?(6)他们因钱的问题婚姻才破裂的。 It was money trouble that_their marriage.break away frombroke up 4. cheer up 使振奋，感到振奋；(用话)鼓舞(某人) 高兴起来，振奋起来cheerful adj. 精神振奋的cheering adj. 令人振奋的 n. 欢呼声Cheers! 干杯！(祝酒时用)用所给词的正确形式填空(1)那好消息让我们大家都兴奋起来了。 The good news _ (cheer
25、) all of us up.(2)尽管他生病，精神却很愉快。 He is _ (cheer) in spite of his illness.(3)群众突然欢呼起来。 The crowd burst forth into _ (cheer)cheeredcheerscheerful 1. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. 更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，表面开始出现了水。 (1)此句中what is even more impor
26、tant为主语从句；that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface为表语从句，其中含有as 引导的时间状语从句。 (2)as作“虽然，尽管”讲时，引导让步状语从句，句子要用倒装语序，即要把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形提到as前。 (3)用于the sameas; suchas结构中。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)我虽然还小，可是对要从事的职业已胸有成竹了。 _， I already know what career I want to follow.(2)他开车撞到墙上，车头撞瘪了。 The front
27、of the car crumpled_the wall.Young as I amas he drove it into 2. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over. 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，而且摔倒了，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍。 倍数的表达法：用times表倍数，通常用于三倍以上，两倍常用twice。 (1)A is three (four /) times the size (height, lengt
28、h)of B (2)A is three (four /) times as big (high, long) as B (3)A is three (four /) times bigger (higher, longer)than B The new machines will work twice as fast as old ones, thus greatly reducing costs. 新机器的运转速度比旧的要快一倍，因而会大大降低成本。 (1)这座新楼是那座旧楼的4倍大(高)。 The new building is _ _of the old one.(2)亚洲比欧洲大3倍。 Asia is _ large as Europe.(3)你们的学校比我们的学校大3倍。 Your school is _ than ours. four times the size (the height)four times asthree times bigger
