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1、学习必备欢迎下载学案（第六课时）一、 英语中动词共有16种时态，请写出这些时态的动词形式：1. 一般现在时2. 现在进行时3. 现在完成时4. 现在完成进行时5. 一般将来时6. 将来进行时7. 将来完成时8. 将来完成进行时9. 一般过去时10. 过去进行时11. 过去完成时12. 过去完成进行时13. 过去将来时14. 过去将来进行时15. 过去将来完成时16. 过去将来完成进行时二、本节课需要掌握的内容：1.一般现在时1) 表示经常性、 习惯性的动作； 表示现在的状态、 特征和真理。 句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从
2、句中，用一般现在时表示将来。3) 有时该时态可表示按计划、规定要发生的动作，句中都带有时间状语，但限于少数动词。如： begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等。例如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载He goes to school every day. If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting. 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“
3、 来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续 ” 等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例： The next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3 点开车。）How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？）The train leaves at 2:30pm. We start this afternoon. 2现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“ be+ 现在分词 ” 构成，另外 “ 系动词 +介词或副词 ”
4、也表示进行时的意义。例如：What are you doing? The bridge is under construction. 3. 现在完成时现在完成时由“ have 十过去分词 ” 构成。其使用有以下情况：1) 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。 句中没有具体时间状语。例如：He has gone to Fuzhou. (说话人认为他不在该地) He has been to Fuzhou. (说话人认为他在该地) 2) 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在， 也许还会持续下去。 常用for 或 since 表示一段时间的状语或so far, up to
5、now 等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。例如: He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 1985. 注意： 表示短暂时间动作的词，如 come, go, die,buy, marry 等的完成时不能与for，since 等表示一段时间的词连用。4. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由“ have(has)+ been+ 现在分词 ” 构成，表示现在以前一直在进行的动作。有些词，如 work, study, live, teach 等用现在完成进行时与用现在完成时意思差不多。例如：精选学习资料 - - - - -
6、 - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载I have worked here for three years I have been working here for three years. 但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思。例如：I have written a letter. ( 已写完 ) I have been writing a letter. ( 还在写 ) 注意：表示短暂动作的动词，如finish, marry, get up, come, go 等不能用这种时态。5. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态，其表达
7、形式除了“will 或 shall+动词原形 ” 外，还有以下几种形式。1) “ be going to+动词原形 ” ，表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如：We are going to have a meeting today 2) go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive 等词可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作；有时用一般现在时也可表示将来。例如：I m leaving for Beijing.3) “ be to+动词原形 ” 表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如：The boy is to go to school tomorro
8、w 4) “ be about to+动词原形 ” 表示即将发生的动作。例如：We are about to leave6. 将来进行时 (will be doing) 用法：强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。例： Dont worry, you wont miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T 恤衫和一条白色的短裙。）注意事项： 由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可参考 一般将来时 和现
9、在进行时 的有关注意事项。7. 将来完成时主要用来表示，在未来某一时间会业已完成的动作。在含这一时态的句子里，常以短语或句子来交代这个将来时间 。用法：表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态， 或是发生在某个将来时间，但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。例如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载By this time next year he will have grad
10、uated from college. 明年的这个时候他已大学毕业了。I hope that I will have finished this article before you come tomorrow. 我希望在你明天来之前我已完成了这篇文章。By the end of November I shall have accomplished the composition of this book. 十一月底我将已写完这本书。They will have got home by now . 他们这时可能已经到家了。8.将来完成进行时：shall have been doing ， wi
11、ll have been doing 例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. （到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3 年了。 ） （被动语态）9一般过去时1) 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。2) 表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to”。注意： used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。另外 “be used to + 名词或动名词 ” 表示 “ 习惯于 ” 。例如：He worked in a factory
12、in 1986. I used to smoke when I was a college freshman. 10. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作，由“ was/were+ 现在分词 ” 构成。例如：He was reading a novel when I came in 11过去完成时l) 过去完成时由 “ had+ 过去分词 ” 构成。过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by, before, until, when 等词引导的时间状语。例如：By the end of last year we had built fi
13、ve new houses. 2) 过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载持续下去。例如：Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 12. 过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在宾语从句中，且主句必须是一般过去时。例如：We asked him where we should go to work next week 我们问他我们下周上
14、哪儿去劳动。又如：They wanted to know when you would finish the article他们想知道你什么时候写完这篇文章。13.过去完成进行时：had been doing 例： The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home. （我回到家之前，我10 岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。） （此处强调 “ 拆卸 ” 和“ 组装 ” 这两个
15、过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。） （被动语态）14. 过去将来进行时：should be doing , would be doing 例： The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.（政府承诺说第二年 7 月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。） （此句的时间状语是具体的将来时间，所以最好用将来进行时。 ） （此句为被动语态）15. 过去将来完成时：should have done , would have done 例： I believed by the end of that year
16、 an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong. （我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。） （此句为被动语态）16. 过去将来完成进行时：should have been doing , would have been doing 例： They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. （他们说到第
17、二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3 年了。）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载课堂练习23 The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. （2014安徽卷） A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished 【举一反三】- Peter, do you know who_ my dictionary ? A. has
18、 taken away B. was taking away -Sorry , I don t know . I didnt do it . C. had taken away D. is taking away 22. -Hi, let s go skating. （2014北京卷） - Sorry, I m busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job. A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill 【举一反三】 I hear you in a pub. whats i
19、t like? -Well, it s very hard work and I m always tired, but I don t mind. A.are working B.will work C.were working D.will be working 23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. A. by B. in C. for D. until (2014北京卷 ) 31.- What time is it? - I have no idea. But just
20、 a minute, I _ it for you. (2014北京卷 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载 A. check B. checked C. will check D. would check 32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. (2014北京卷 ) A. started B. was starting C. would start D. had started 【举一反三】-Peter
21、 , where did you guys go for the summer vacation? -We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be 22. Unless extra money_, the theatre will close. （2014大纲卷）A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 32. The reports went miss
22、ing in 2012 and nobody _ them since. （2014大纲卷）A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 【举一反三】The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasn t cleaned D. hasn t been cleaned 23. Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and there for one year
23、, teaching as a volunteer. （ 2014福建卷） A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying 【举一反三】 -Where_the recorder ?I can not see it anywhere. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页学习必备欢迎下载-I_it right here.But now it is gone! A. did you put,have put B. have you put, put C. had you put,
24、was putting D. were you putting,have put 28. Since the time humankind started gardening, we _to make our environment more beautiful. （2014湖南卷）A. try B. have been trying C. are trying D. will try 【举一反三】He_ articles for our wall-newspaper these years, and he_ about thirty articles. A. has written; wrote B. has been writing; wrote C. is writing; has been writing D. has been writing; has written 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页
