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1、Section Grammar & Writing写作专题突破写作专题突破Unit 1语法专题突破语法专题突破 Section 语法法专题突破突破品味语法品味语法1As the time went on,the weather got worse.2My wife kept silent while I was writing.3When I got to the airport,the guests had left.4She was listening to music when the telephone rang.自我探究自我探究时时间间状状语语从从句句的的谓谓语语动动词词可可以以是是
2、持持续续性性的的,也也可可以以是是短短暂暂性性的的;主主句句谓谓语语动动词词可可以以与与从从句句谓谓语语动动词词同同时时发发生生,也也可可能能发发生生在在从从句句谓谓语语动动词词之之前前或或之后。之后。引引导导时时间间状状语语从从句句的的引引导导词词有有:when,while,as,after,before,since,ever since,till,until, as soon as, once, whenever, no sooner.than,hardly.when,the moment,every time,each time,next time,directly,immediatel
3、y等。等。when/while/as引引导时间导时间状状语语从句从句时时的区的区别别:1when引引导导的的从从句句的的谓谓语语动动词词可可以以是是延延续续性性的的动动词词,也也可可以以是是短短暂暂性性动动词词。并并且且 when有有时时表表示示“就在那就在那时时”。讲解归纳讲解归纳讲解归纳讲解归纳例如:例如:When she came in,I stopped eating.她她进进来来时时,我才,我才刚刚吃完吃完饭饭。When I lived in the countryside,I used to carry some water for him.当我住在当我住在乡乡下下时时,我,我常常
4、替他提水。常常替他提水。We were about to go out when he came in.我我们们正要出去,就在那正要出去,就在那时时他他进进来了。来了。2while引引导导的从句的的从句的谓语动词谓语动词必必须须是延是延续续性的,性的,并并强强调调主句和从句的主句和从句的动动作同作同时发时发生生(或者相或者相对应对应)。while有有时还时还可以表示可以表示对对比。例如:比。例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper,I was watching TV.(read 是延是延续续性的性的动词动词,was reading和和was watc
5、hing同同时发时发生生)当我妻子看当我妻子看报报纸纸的的时时候,我正在看候,我正在看电视电视。I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜我喜欢欢踢足球,而你喜踢足球,而你喜欢欢打打篮篮球。球。3as表示表示“在在的同的同时时,一,一边边一一边边”,as引引导导的的动动作是延作是延续续性的,一般用于主句和从句性的,一般用于主句和从句动动作同作同时发时发生生时时;as也可以也可以强强调调一先一后;一先一后;as还还可可译为译为“随着随着”。例。例如:如:We always sing as we walk.我我们总们总是
6、是边边走走边边唱。唱。As we were going out,it began to rain.当我当我们们出出门时门时,天开始下雨了。,天开始下雨了。(as强强调调句中两个句中两个动动作作紧紧接着先后接着先后发发生,而不生,而不强强调调开始下雨的特定开始下雨的特定时间时间。)As time went on,he grew weaker and weaker.随着随着时间时间的流逝,他身体越来越弱了。的流逝,他身体越来越弱了。二、原因状二、原因状语语从句从句品味品味语语法法1Why were you absent?Because I was ill.2 Since he cant come,
7、 I have to ask someone else to help me.3As he was not well,I decided to go alone.4Now that you are free today,you may have a rest at home.自我探究自我探究原因状原因状语语从句的引从句的引导词导词可能是可能是单单个的个的单词单词,也可,也可能是由多个能是由多个单词组单词组成的成的连词连词;原因状;原因状语语从句大都从句大都放在放在句首句首,有,有时时也放在句末。也放在句末。引引导导原因状原因状语语从句的从句的连词连词或或连词词组连词词组有有 because,s
8、ince,as,now that等。常等。常见见的用的用法主要有:法主要有:1because “因因为为,由于,由于”,在引,在引导导原因状原因状语语从从句的句的连词连词中,中,because 的的语语气是最气是最强强的,表示主的,表示主句句谓语动词谓语动词的直接原因,常用来回答以的直接原因,常用来回答以 why开开头头的疑的疑问问句。例如:句。例如:The boy was absent because he was ill.那个男孩因病缺席。那个男孩因病缺席。讲解归纳讲解归纳讲解归纳讲解归纳Why cant you go there now?你你现现在在为为什么不能去那里?什么不能去那里?B
9、ecause Im too busy.因因为为我太忙了。我太忙了。2as“因因为为,由于,由于”,如果原因很明,如果原因很明显显或估或估计对计对方是知道的,从句用方是知道的,从句用 as引引导时较导时较多;有多;有时时有有“既既然然”的意思。例如:的意思。例如:As I have not read the book,I cannot tell you anything about it.由于我没有由于我没有读过这读过这本本书书,所以无法告,所以无法告诉诉你有关它你有关它的事情。的事情。She stayed at home as she had no car.她因没有汽她因没有汽车车而待在家里。
10、而待在家里。As you are sorry,Ill forgive you.既然你已感到抱歉,那我就原既然你已感到抱歉,那我就原谅谅你吧。你吧。3since “因因为为,既然,既然”,它引,它引导导的从句通常放在的从句通常放在句首,常表示已句首,常表示已为为人人们们所知的原因或理由。例如:所知的原因或理由。例如:Since it is late,I shall go home now.由于由于时间时间晚了,我晚了,我现现在要回家了。在要回家了。Since you are so sure of it,hell believe you.既然你既然你对对此此这这么有把握,他会相信你的。么有把握,他
11、会相信你的。4now that “既然,由于既然,由于”,与,与since 表示的意表示的意思相似,与思相似,与 since 不同的是,不同的是,now that 有有“时间时间”含含义义,常用于有新情况,常用于有新情况发发生的生的时时候。例如:候。例如:Now that the rain has stopped,lets go home at once.既然雨已停了,既然雨已停了,让让我我们们立刻回家吧。立刻回家吧。Now that they are all gone,you can tell me the secret.既然他既然他们们都走了,你可以告都走了,你可以告诉诉我我这这个秘密了。
12、个秘密了。而下面而下面这这句句话话就只能用就只能用 since,不能用,不能用 now that:Since no noe has read the book,we cant discuss it.既然没人既然没人读过这读过这本本书书,我,我们们就不能就不能对对它它进进行行讨论讨论。.用用when,as,while 填空填空1 I was cooking _I heard her knocking at the door.答案:答案:when2He fell asleep _he was reading the newspaper.答案:答案:while语法专练语法专练语法专练语法专练3The
13、 students took notes _they listened.答案:答案:as4_ I was walking down the street,I noticed a police car in front of the bank.答案:答案:When/While5 _ the time went on, she got better.答案:答案:As.用用because,as,since,now that或或for填填空空1I didnt go,_I was afraid.答案:答案:because2_ the weather is so bad,we have to delay
14、our journey.答案:答案:As/Since3He must be ill,_he is absent today.答案:答案:for4Why cant I go?_youre not old enough.答案:答案:Because5It was _she was seriously ill that she didnt come to the lecture yesterday.答案:答案:because6 _ Jane was the eldest, she looked after the others.答案:答案:As7_ you know it,I wont repeat
15、it.答案:答案:Since8_ everybody is here,lets begin the discussion.答案:答案:Now that.单项单项填空填空1_ the day goes on,the weather gets colder and colder.AWithBSinceCWhile DAs解析:解析:选选D。as引引导时间导时间状状语语从句从句“随着随着”。2 (2011年年 高高 考考 江江 西西 卷卷 )Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon,or _ it is convenie
16、nt to you.Awhenever BhoweverCwhichever Dwherever解解析析:选选A。句句意意:请请打打电电话话让让我我的的秘秘书书安安排排一一个个会会议议,在在今今天天下下午午或或是是任任何何你你方方便便的的时时候候。whenever无无 论论 何何 时时 ; however无无 论论 如如 何何 ;whichever无无论论哪哪一一个个;wherever无无论论何何地地。此此处处or连连接接的的是是和和this afternoon并并列列的的两两个个时时间间状状语语(从句从句),故只有,故只有A项项正确。正确。3 _ Tom was reading the ne
17、wspaper,his sister was watching TV.AWhen BWhileCWith DAs解解析析:选选B。while引引导导时时间间状状语语从从句句,强强调调主主句句和和从从句句的的动动作作同同时时发发生生,而而且且谓谓语语动动词词是是延延续续性性的。的。4Mary likes pop music _Jack likes folk music.Awhen BwhileCwith Das解析:解析:选选B。while 表示表示对对比。比。5_Ive got my own car,I dont get as much exercise as I used to.AEven
18、if BExcept thatCNow that DUntil解解析析:选选C。now that “既既然然,由由于于”,句句意意:既既然然我我有有我我自自己己的的车车,我我就就不不再再像像过过去去那那样样锻锻炼炼了。了。6Why cant I go?_ youre too young.AFor BBecauseCAs DSince解析:解析:选选B。回答。回答why 提出的提出的问题问题需要需要because。7_I havent seen the film,I know very little about it.AAfter BAlthoughCAs DBefore解解析析:选选C。根根据
19、据句句意意:由由于于我我没没有有看看这这部部电电影影,我知道的很少。我知道的很少。8Some of his suggestions were rejected _they were impractical(不切不切实际实际的的)Abecause BunlessCthough Dso that解解析析:选选A。根根据据句句意意:他他的的一一些些建建议议被被拒拒绝绝了了,因因为为他他们们不切不切实际实际。because引引导导原因状原因状语语从句。从句。9 _ youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.AAfter BAlt
20、houghCNow that DAs soon as解解析析:选选C。now that “既既然然”句句意意:既既然然你你有有了了这这次机会,最好充分利用它。次机会,最好充分利用它。10It is ten years _he smoked.Athat BwhenCsince Dwhile解解 析析 : 选选 C。 since“自自 从从 ”常常 用用 于于 “It is.since.” 结结构中表示构中表示“自从自从以来以来”。写作写作专题突破突破【写作要求】【写作要求】请请根根据据下下列列表表格格,以以China DailyA Popular Newspaper 为为题题,用用英英语语写写一
21、一篇篇120词词左左右右的的短短文文,介绍中国日报。介绍中国日报。报纸名称报纸名称中国日报中国日报使用语言使用语言英英文文出版地点出版地点北京北京出版周期出版周期每每天天版面内容版面内容国内新闻、国际新闻、商业新国内新闻、国际新闻、商业新闻、旅游信息和体育新闻闻、旅游信息和体育新闻报纸名称报纸名称中国日报中国日报使用使用语言语言英英文文出版地点出版地点北京北京出版出版周期周期每每天天版面内容版面内容每日天气预报、对新的戏曲、电影、每日天气预报、对新的戏曲、电影、书籍、饭店等的报道书籍、饭店等的报道周六有个版面介绍下周电视节目周六有个版面介绍下周电视节目特色特色图文并茂图文并茂作用及效果作用及效
22、果获取信息、提高英语水平。深受国获取信息、提高英语水平。深受国内外读者欢迎。内外读者欢迎。【要点要点词汇词汇】1英文英文报纸报纸_答案:答案:Englishlanguage newspaper2国内新国内新闻闻_答案:答案:Home News3国国际际新新闻闻_答案:答案:International News4版面版面_答案:答案:section5受受欢欢迎迎_答案:答案:be popular with【句型句型结结构构】1版版面面内内容容包包括括国国内内新新闻闻、国国际际新新闻闻、商商业业新新闻闻、旅游信息和体育新、旅游信息和体育新闻闻。It has all the usual _of a
23、newspaper, _Home News,International News, _News,_and Sports News.答答 案案 : sections; including; Business;Travel News2周六有个版面介周六有个版面介绍绍下周下周电视节电视节目。目。_ there is a section about the TV programs _.答案:答案:Every Saturday;in the coming week3图图文并茂,文并茂,这这使使读读者非常感者非常感兴兴趣。趣。Its pictures and _are both excellent,_ m
24、akes its readers interested in.答案:答案:articles;which4中国日中国日报报深受国内外深受国内外读读者者欢欢迎。迎。China Daily is really popular with its readers both_.答案:答案:at home and abroad【连连句成篇句成篇】_【佳作欣佳作欣赏赏】China DailyA Popular NewspaperChina has its own Englishlanguage newspaper, China Daily, which is published in Beijing ever
25、y day. It has all the usual sections of a newspaper,including Home News (news about China), International News (news from abroad), Business News, Travel News and Sports News. China Daily, with a weather report every day, also has reportson new plays,movies,books,new restaurants and so on. Every Satu
26、rday there is a section about the TV programs in the coming week.Its pictures and articles are both excellent,which makes its readers interested in. We can get information about different things from it. Also we can improve our English by reading it. China Daily is really popular with its readers bo
27、th at home and abroad. I do enjoy reading it.【类类文点津文点津】本本模模块块的的写写作作文文体体是是介介绍绍自自己己喜喜爱爱的的报报纸纸或或杂杂志志方方面面的的说说明明文文。该该文文体体要要求求用用简简明明的的文文字字说说明明事事物的构造、性物的构造、性质质和功用等,是一种客和功用等,是一种客观观的的阐阐述。述。在在人人们们的的日日常常生生活活中中,为为了了宣宣传传或或推推销销某某种种物物品品,常常需需要要对对该该物物品品进进行行客客观观的的描描述述。对对物物品品进进行行描描述述时时要着重要着重说说明明该该物品的基本情况和功用。物品的基本情况和功用
28、。该该文文体体的的语语言言特特点点是是:时时态态相相对对统统一一,多多用用一一般般现现在在时时。有有时时为为了了表表达达的的需需要要,个个别别地地方方会会用用到到其其他他时时态态。主主要要采采用用陈陈述述句句式式。行行文文要要条条理理,语语言要准确,言要准确,逻辑逻辑要要严严密。密。该该文体常用的写作策略和常用文体常用的写作策略和常用词汇词汇及句型:及句型:1开开门见门见山,点明主山,点明主题题。常用句型有:。常用句型有:.is my favorite newspaper.My favorite newspaper is.,which is published in.等。等。2根据提示内容根据
29、提示内容进进行行详细详细介介绍绍。要力求做到表达。要力求做到表达清楚、条理,上下文清楚、条理,上下文过过渡自然,要点全面。尽量渡自然,要点全面。尽量避免避免过过多地重复使用同一句式,句式要灵活多多地重复使用同一句式,句式要灵活多样样。常用常用词汇词汇及句型有:及句型有:section,including,such as,like,also,besides,whats more,home news,international news,pictures,articles,information,be popular with,enjoy,be of benefit to,It has a sec
30、tion of .,There are plenty of.等等。等等。3总结归纳总结归纳或或发发表表评论评论。常用句型有。常用句型有In short .,Id like to read.,I really enjoy reading.等。等。The news that Chinas taikonaut successfully walked in Feitian space hit the headlines at home and abroad.The photographs of Zhai Zhigang in spacesuit replaced other pictures in t
31、he newspapers.He became a celebrity overnight.All the Chinese were very delighted at the good news and proud of our country.Foreign media also made different reviews about it. 词语串串练词语串串练词语串串练词语串串练Mr. Zhai walked in space for 20 minutes in total,marking a historic breakthrough in our countrys ambitio
32、us space program.It was also a great achievement to our country.When Mr. Zhai struggled out of capsule of the spaceship with a national flag, all the people watching him burst into applause. Zhai said in outer space, “I am proud of our motherland.”Chairman Hu sent message of congratulations.Mr. Zhai
33、 with his two colleagues was warmly welcomed on landing the ground. People watched them as if they were aliens. People treated them as if they were wellknown actors. Many teenagers, like film fans, longed for their autographs. A girl said, “I never believed in mans walking in space before. But now i
34、t has been successful.” A boy said, 中中国国的的宇宇航航员员成成功功在在太太空空行行走走这这一一消消息息占占据据了了国国内内外外报报纸纸的的头头版版。穿穿着着“飞飞天天”太太空空服服的的翟翟志志刚刚的的照片也替照片也替换换了了报纸报纸上的其他上的其他图图片。片。他一夜之他一夜之间间成了名人。所有的中成了名人。所有的中国人都因国人都因这这一消息高一消息高兴兴,为为我我们们的的祖祖国国而而感感到到自自豪豪。外外国国媒媒体体也也对对此此作作出出了了不不同同的的评评论论。翟翟志志刚刚在在太太空空一一共共行行走走20分分钟钟,这这标标志志着着我我们们国国家家的的航航天
35、天事事业业有有了了历历史史性性的的突突破破。同同时时对对我我们们国家来国家来说说也是一个巨大的成就。也是一个巨大的成就。当翟志当翟志刚刚手持国旗手持国旗挣挣扎着从宇宙扎着从宇宙飞飞船的太空船的太空舱舱里里出来出来时时,观观看他的人都爆看他的人都爆发发出了掌声。翟在外太出了掌声。翟在外太空里空里说说:“我我为为我的祖国而自豪。我的祖国而自豪。”胡主席胡主席发发来了来了贺电贺电。他他们们一着地,翟志一着地,翟志刚刚和他的两名同事立刻受到了和他的两名同事立刻受到了热热烈的烈的欢欢迎。人迎。人们们看着他看着他们们好像他好像他们们是外星人似是外星人似的。人的。人们对们对待他待他们们就像他就像他们们是著名
36、的演是著名的演员员。很多。很多青少年,像青少年,像电电影迷一影迷一样样,渴望得到他,渴望得到他们们的的签签名。名。一个女孩一个女孩说说:“我从未相信人我从未相信人类类能在太空行走。但能在太空行走。但现现在它已在它已经实现经实现了。了。”一个男孩一个男孩说说:“既然我既然我们们已已经经能在太空行走了,我能在太空行走了,我想很快就会建起一个永久的空想很快就会建起一个永久的空间间站。站。”翟志翟志刚刚跟跟杨杨利利伟伟相似,两人都很勤相似,两人都很勤奋奋、有决心而且有、有决心而且有坚坚强强的的信心。一位信心。一位业业余作家余作家创创作了一篇小短文。他写道,作了一篇小短文。他写道,“人人类类在宇宙里是如此的渺小,但我在宇宙里是如此的渺小,但我们们也是勇敢的。也是勇敢的。宇航宇航员员探索未知的宇宙的勇气探索未知的宇宙的勇气对对我我们们所有的人来所有的人来说说都是一个激励。都是一个激励。”