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1、第一节 铧式犁的基本构造和类型一、铧式犁的基本类型二、铧式犁的基本组成三、铧式犁的型号表达四、主犁体的结构及功用一、铧式犁的基本类型牵引式运输状态下,机具的重量全部由机具本身来承担。悬挂式运输状态下,机具的重量全部由拖拉机来承担。悬挂犁结构示意图1. 调节手柄 2.右支杆 3.左支杆 4.悬挂轴 5.限深轮 6.圆犁刀 7.犁体 8.犁架 9.中央支杆 半悬挂犁运输状态下,机具的重量前部分由拖拉机承担,后半部分由机具承担。半悬挂犁结构示意图1.油管 2.调节螺杆 3.弧形板 4.纵梁 5.斜梁 6.安全器 7.限深轮 8.尾轮操向杆 9.公路运输标志 10.尾轮 11.犁体 12.犁刀 13.
2、垂直转向轴 14.悬挂头架 铧式犁的工作特点 铧式犁工作时,主要是依靠由犁铧与犁壁组成的犁体曲面对土壤进行入土、切割、破碎、土垡翻转,使地表土层与底层土壤实现交换,为作物生长创造条件。铧式犁的类型与特点视频二、铧式犁的基本构成机架牵引悬挂装置行走限深装置主犁体组成:犁架、主犁体、耕深调节装置、支撑行走装置、牵引悬挂装置等。主犁体为铧式犁的核心工作部件。三、铧式犁的型号表达方式1.部颁农机序列标准1耕整机械2种植施肥机械3田间管理和植保机械4收获机械5种子加工机械6农副产品加工机械7装卸运输机械8排灌机械9畜牧机械举例说明:机具类别名称分类号组 别 号耕整机械1 1L-犁,B-耙,G-悬耕机,K
3、-开沟机,Z-筑埂机,P-平地机种植施肥机械2 2B-播种机,Z-栽植机,F-施肥机田间管理和植保机械3 3Z-中耕机,W-喷雾机,F-喷粉机,M-弥雾机,Y-喷烟机收获机械4 4G-收割机,S-割晒机,L-谷物联合收获机,Y-玉米收获机,M-棉花收获机,H-花生收获机1 L 3 20单铧犁设计耕宽(cm)铧式犁犁铧数量组别号分类号四、主犁体的结构及功用犁铧犁壁犁柱犁托犁侧板犁踵犁体曲面犁铧切开土垡引导土垡上升至犁壁。犁壁破碎和翻扣土垡。犁侧板平衡侧向力。犁柱联结犁架与犁体曲面。犁托联结犁体曲面与犁柱。犁踵耐磨件,防止犁侧板尾部磨损,可更换。 主犁体各零部件的主要功用思考题1.铧式犁的基本构造
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