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1、中 文 摘 要电是能量的一种表现形式，电力已成为工农业生产不可缺少的动力，并广泛应用到一切生产部门和日常生活方面。电能有许多优点：首先，它可简便地转变成另一种形式的能量。例如，工厂中的电动机，就是将电能转换成机械能，拖动各种机械；又如我们常用的电灯，是将电能转变为光能，满足照明需要。其次，电能经过高压输电线路，还可输送很长的距离，供给远方用电。另外，许多生产部门用电进行控制，容易实现自动化，提高产品质量和经济效益。因此可见，电力工业在国民经济中占有十分重要的地位，而且电力必须先行，才能满足工农业发展的需要。 我国的电力工业发展也很快，自70年代初，第一台300MW机组数投运至1988年底，投产
2、600MW机组以来，电力工业发展又上了一个新台阶。在建的发电厂容量已达2700MW。330500kV输变电系统正在逐步扩大。到1991年底，全国装机总容量已超过150000MW，年发电量已达6774.94亿kwh。电力系统是国民经济的重要能源部门，而变电所的设计是电力工业建设中必不可少的一个项目。熟悉各种设计规程和设计原理，设计过程中要针对变电所的规模和形式，具体问题具体分析。本论文介绍了文关220kV降压变电所电气部分初步设计，从设计任务上来看，共分为七大步骤。即，1、选择本变电所主变压器的型号、容量和台数。2、设计本变电所电气主接线的基本形式。3、进行短路电流计算。4、进行主要电气设备的选
3、择。5、进行本变电所高压配电装置的规划设计。6、进行本变电所继电保护和自动装置的规划设计。7、进行本变电所防雷保护的规划设计等七大步骤，本论文结合电气的有关规程进行设计。本次设计是我们在校期间进行的最后一个非常重要的综合性实践教学环节，也是我们学生全面运用所学基础理论、专业知识对实际问题进行设计（或研究）的综合性训练，同时还是我们将来走向工作岗位而奠定的基本实践。通过本次设计可以增强我们运用所学知识解释实际问题的能力和创新能力，以便更好地适应工作的需要。其设计内容结合相关的参考文献进行编写，由于水平有限，难免会有错误疏漏之处，请参阅老师多给予批评指正。关键字： 变电所、变压器、电气主接线、电气
4、设备、继电保护、防雷保护等。AbstractElectric energy is a form of expression, the power of industrial and agricultural production has become an indispensable driving force, and widely applied to all aspects of daily life and production departments. Energy has many advantages: First, it can be easily converted into
5、 another form of energy. For example, factories in the motor is the electric energy into mechanical energy conversion, drag machinery; Also, we used the Electric Company, is the power to change solar energy to meet the lighting needs. Second, a high-voltage power transmission lines, but also conveyi
6、ng a very long distance, the distance of electricity supply. In addition, many production sectors of electricity to control, easy to automate and improve product quality and economic efficiency. So that, the power industry in the national economy as a very important position, and power must be in or
7、der to meet the needs of industrial and agricultural development. Chinas power industry development soon, since the early 1970s, the first 300 MW unit for a few shipped to the end of 1988, the 600 MW unit has been put into operation, electricity and industrial development on a new level. Capacity bu
8、ilding of power plants has reached 2700 MW. 330 500kv power transmission system is being gradually expanded. To the end of 1991, the total installed capacity of over 150000 MW, the generation capacity has reached 677.494 billion kw.h. Power system is an important energy sector in the national econom
9、y, and the electricity substation was designed in the building industry essential to a project. Design familiar with the various protocols and design principles, the design process to address the scale and form of substations, concrete analysis of concrete problems. This paper introduced the buck, C
10、ommissioner of 220 kV electric substation of the preliminary design, design tasks from the point of view, is divided into seven steps. That is, 1, choice of the main transformer substation of the models, capacity and number of Taiwan. 2, the design of the electrical substation main connection of the
11、 basic form. 3, a short-circuit current calculation. 4, a major electrical equipment choice. 5, the high-voltage power distribution substation planning and design of the devices. 6, the substation protection and automatic devices of the planning and design. 7, Lightning Protection of the substation
12、planning and design, such as seven steps, this paper with the electrical design on a point of order. The design is in school during the last a very important part of a comprehensive practice teaching, but also full use of our students have learned basic theories, professional knowledge to practical
13、problems to design (or research) integrated training, is also our future Jobs and to lay the basic practice. Through this design can be enhanced by the knowledge we use to explain the actual capacity and ability to innovate in order to better meet the needs of their work. The design elements associa
14、ted with the reference to the preparation, the limited level, it is inevitable there will be errors of omission, please refer to the teacher to give more criticism correction. Keyword: substations, transformers, the main electrical wiring and electrical equipment, protection, mine protection.引 言发电厂及
15、电力系统专业的毕业设计是培养学生综合运用大学三年所学理论知识，独立分析和解决工程实际问题的初步能力的一个重要环节。本设计是根据毕业设计的要求，针对220/60kV降压变电所毕业设计论文。本次设计主要是一次变电所电气部分的设计，并做出阐述和说明。论文包括选择变电所的主变压器的容量、台数和形式，选择待设计变电所所含有的各种电气设备及其各项参数，并且通过计算，详细的校验了各种不同设备的热稳定和动稳定，并对其选择进行了详尽的说明。同时经过变压器的选择和变电所所带负荷情况，确定本变电所电气主接线方案和高压配电装置及其布置方式，同时根据变电所的电压等级及其在电力网中的重要地位进行继电保护和自动装置的规划设
16、计，最后通过对主接线形式的确定及所选设备的型号绘制变电所的断面图、平面图、和主接线图，同时根据所绘制的变电所平面图计算变电所屋外高压配电装置的防雷保护。本设计的所有图纸都是计算机绘制而成，最后按照要求进行毕业设计成品打印。论文包括毕业设计说明书和毕业设计计算书两部分，并附有四张设计图纸（电气主接线图一张、 变电所断面图两张、平面布置图一张），可为以后的设计做些参考，同时能够比较直观的反映本设计变电所的整体全貌。设计书编写过程中曾遇到过各种各样的问题和困难，指导老师给予了宝贵的意见的精心指导，在此表示深切的谢意。由于本人水平有限，设计书中难免会有错误和不足之处，恳请老师批评指正。第一部分 原始资料分析第一章 引 论1.1 电力系统的一般概念电能是社会主义
