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1、英语必修一Module 3、4 知识点总结一、 Language points1、 means n.(often pl.) 方式，方法（单复数同形） by all means 当然，务必 by no means 绝不，并没有 by means of 用方法，依靠 辨析：mean v. 意欲，打算 mean to do sth 打算做 mean doing sth 意味着 mean to have done sth = had meant to do sth 原打算做某事实际未做 用方法（注意介词搭配） by means of in this way with the method of 2、r
2、efer to a提到，说起 He never referred to his sisters in his letters.他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹。 b参考，咨询，查资料 If you dont know what this means, refer to the dictionary. 如果你不知道这是什么意思，去查字典。 c有关，针对 The new law doesnt refer to the land used for farming. 新法与耕地无关。 d提交（某人或某机关考虑办理或决定） They referred their plan to the government.
3、 他们将计划提交了管理部门。 e认为起源于；认为与有关；有归属于；归功(或咎)于；归于 Mr White referred his success to his hard work. 怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的。拓展：查字典 refer to / turn to the dictionary look sth up in the dictionary refer to sth/sb 提到某物/某人，意指某物，涉及某人 refer to as 将称为3、take off a(鸟等)起跳；跳起来；(飞机等)起飞The plane took off from the airport an
4、d headed south towards Hong Kong. 飞机从机场起飞往南向香港飞去。b脱下(衣帽、鞋子等)，脱掉；拿掉，取下；移去；拆下，拆掉 He took off his coat and sat down. 他脱下大衣坐了下来。 to take off ones glasses 摘下眼镜c出发；匆匆离开 The professor took off for Shanghai this morning. 教授今天上午动身去上海了。d中止，中断；停止(演出)，取消；(使火车、公共汽车等)停运The show had to be taken off because of poor
5、 audiences.因观众太少而不得不取消演出。e将调离工作；休假，休息；美国方言缺勤，旷工，旷课 He took two weeks off from work. 他歇工两星期。4、come from + 地点 来自于（地方）5、get on a(使)登上公共汽车(或火车等)；(使)骑上自行车(或马等)Before you can learn to ride a horse, you have to be able get on it.你要学会骑马，必须先会上马。 b穿上(衣服等)；戴上(帽子等)；盖上(盖子等) Get on your rubbers, we have to go out
6、 in the rain. 穿上你的胶鞋，我们必须在雨天外出。6、get offa(使)下车，(使)下马Excuse me, I have to get off at the next stop. 劳驾，我必须在下一站下车。 b(从)下来，(从)下去 That roof is dangerous, do get off. 那房顶太危险，千万要下来。 c(使)离开；(使)动身 We have to get off early tomorrow. 我们明天一早必须动身。 d(从)脱下(衣服等)；拿开(某物) Her finger had swollen so much that she could
7、nt get her ring off.她的手指肿得很厉害，连戒指都取不下来了。 链接：get about 四处走动 get back 回来，取回，继续 get behind 落后 get down to 开始做 get out 逃离，泄露，生产，公布 get together 相聚，聚集 get on 上车 get around 传播 get away 逃离，离开 get over 爬过；克服；熬过 get in 进入；收获；收（税等） get rid of 除掉，摆脱 get through 通过；做完；看完 get up 起床，起身 get along / on (with) 相处；进展
8、7、more than (用法) more than + 数词 含“以上、超过”之意 Judging from his appearance, he is more than 40. 从他的外表判断，他40多岁了。 more than + 名词 表示“多于”、“非但尤其是”Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. 杰森不仅是一名演讲者，还是名作家。 more than + 形容词 “很、非常”的意思 I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我确信，我很乐意帮助你。 链接： 在“mo
9、re.than.”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，约等于“是而不是、与其说不如说”Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened.听到吵闹的噪声，男孩是惊讶而不是害怕。He is more a scholar than a teacher. 与其说他是位教师毋宁说他是位学者。 not more than 有两种用法:a后接名词 作不超过、至多解。There are not more than five books in the case. 箱子里至多有五本书。b后接从句往往为not mor
10、e.than形式,作还比不上解。本句型侧重点往往在后一个分句,译成汉语时,仍按原来的语序。I am not more mad than you. 我哪里像你那么疯。This book is not more interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 no more than = not any more than 后接名词(=only)作不过,仅仅解。 He is no more than a puppet. 他不过是个傀儡。重点比较以下两组：1）nor more than 与 not more than用法no more than的意思是“只不过”，not
11、 more than的意思是“不多于”。试比较：This room is no bigger than that. 这个房间并不比那个大。 (有“两个房间都不大”的含义)This room is not bigger than that one.这个房间不比那个大。 (没有“两个房间都不大或都不小”的含义)2）no less than 和not less than 用法no less than的意思是“不亚于”，not less than的意思是“不少于”。试比较： There were no less than a thousand people at the meeting.到会的有一千人
12、之多。(有“到会人多”的含义)There were not less than one thousand people at the meeting.到会的至少有一千人。(没有“到会人多或人少”的含义) 拓展：more than 与其说 倒不如说 no more than 与 同样不 （表示前后比较对象程度相当） the more the more 越 就越 no more than 仅仅，只有 more or less 或多或少 more and more 越来越多 once more 再次，又一次 not any more = no more 不再8、spend a用(钱)，花费 He s
13、pent too much money on horse racing. 他在赌赛马上花了很多钱。 b耗费，花费(时间、精力等)；度过You really shouldnt spend so much effort on it. 你真不该在这件事上花费这么大的精力。 c耗尽，用尽(气力等)：He spent all his energy climbing up the hill. 他耗尽全身气力爬上了山顶。 搭配：花费时间/金钱做某事 spend time / money on sth. spend time / money (in) doing sth. 辨析：spend, pay, cos
14、t 与 take易混词辨析例句spend人+spend+时间/金钱+(in)doing / on sthTom spent 15 yuan (in) buying/on the book.pay人+pay+金钱+for+物Tom paid 15 yuan for the book.cost事/物+cost+人+时间/金钱The book cost Tom 15 yuan.takeIt+takes+人+时间/精力+to do sth.It took me much time to study the report.9、journey n. & v. 旅行 拓展：go on a journey 去旅行 be on a
