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1、Unit 3The world of science.阅读理解 AChinesescientistshavediscoveredanewwaterreservoironthemoonintheformofglassbeads(珠子),whichcouldhavemajorsignificanceforfindingoutthewatercontentoftheearthsonlynaturalsatelliteandpotentiallyextractingthemtosupportfuturelunarmissions.AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeo
2、sciencelastweekrevealedsoilsamplescollectedbyChinasChange-5lunarprobecontainedimpactglassbeadsthatheldwaterintheformofhydroxylamoleculeconsistingofoneoxygenatomandonehydrogenatom.Hydroxylion(离子)isoneofthemostcommonionsfoundinwater.Theseglassbeadsarecreatedwhenmeteoroids(流星体)hitthemoonssurface,throwi
3、nguphotmoltendroplets(熔滴)whichthencoolandturnsolid.Theyfunctionlikeasponge,soakinguphydrogenatomscarriedbythesolarwindtoformhydroxyl,thusplayinganimportantroleinthewatercycleofthelunarsurface.Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,theseglassballscanbeseeneverywhereonthemoonandresearchersestimatedl
4、unarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater.Fordecades,scientiststhoughtthemoonwasbonedryuntildiscoveriesinrecentyearsrevealeditssoilcouldholdwater.“Themoonpotentiallyholding270billionmetrictonsofwateris quitesubstantial,thoughitpalesincomparisontotheamountofwaterintheearthsoceans,”saidHu
5、Sen,aresearcherfromtheInstituteofGeologyandGeophysicsoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesandoneofthekeyscientistsbehindthestudy.Thesefindingsnotonlyprovideinsightontheorigins,storage,andtransportationofwateroncelestial(天空的)bodieswithoutatmospheres,buttheyalsomayprovehelpfulforplanningandbuildingasustainabl
6、ehumanhabitatontheseplanets,headded.However,thespecificoriginsofthewateronthelunarsurfaceremainamystery.Thestudypresentedseveralpotentialsources,includingsolarwindimplantation,thereleaseoftrappedgaswhenthemoonwashotandvolcanicallyactive,anddeliverybycometsandasteroids.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述中国科学家在月球上
7、发现了水存在的证据。1.Whatistheuseoftheglassbeads?A.Absorbingwater.B.Dryingwater.C.Creatingwater.D.Recyclingwater.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Theyfunctionlikeasponge,soakinguphydrogenatomscarriedbythesolarwindtoformhydroxyl,thusplayinganimportantroleinthewatercycleofthelunarsurface.”可知,月球上的“玻璃珠”的功能是吸住水分。2.Whatisthemai
8、nideaofparagraph4?A.Themoonwasadryplacefordecades.B.Themoonholdsasmuchwaterastheearthdoes.C.Scientistsdiscoveredthemooncouldstorewater.D.Theamountofwateronthemooniscomparativelylarge.答案D解析段落大意题。根据第四段首句“Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,theseglassballscanbeseeneverywhereonthemoonandresearchers
9、estimatedlunarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater.”以及“Themoonpotentiallyholding270billionmetrictonsofwaterisquitesubstantial”可知,本段主要说明月球中的含水量相对来说还是比较大的。3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Trappedgasshouldbereleased.B.Furtherresearchneedstobedone.C.Watersourceshavebeenidentified.
10、D.Solarwindwasimplantedonthemoon.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“However,thespecificoriginsofthewateronthelunarsurfaceremainamystery.”可知,科学家还要做进一步的研究找到水的来源。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.FutureHabitatforHumans:theMoonB.NewDiscovery:GlassBeadsontheMoonC.NewFindings:WaterontheLunarSurfaceD.FutureMissions:Chin
11、asChangeLunarProbes答案C解析主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chinesescientistshavediscoveredanewwaterreservoironthemoonintheformofglassbeads(珠子),whichcouldhavemajorsignificanceforfindingoutthewatercontentoftheearthsonlynaturalsatelliteandpotentiallyextractingthemtosupportfuturelunarmissions.”可知,这篇文章主要讲在月球上发现了水。因此C项“新发现:月球表面
12、有水”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。BThenewWebbtelescopehasdiscoveredwhatappeartobegalaxies(星系)thatdatebacktowithin600millionyearsoftheBigBang.Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies.Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies,dating
13、towithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse,itsthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.“Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime,”leadresearcherIvoLabbeofAustraliasSwinburneUniversityofTechnologysaid.“Butthesesixgalaxiesarefast-trackingtomaturity.Whythi
14、sisthecaseorhowthisworksisunknown.”Accordingtothereport,whichwaspublishedinthejournalNatureonWednesday,eachofthesixobjectsweighsbillionsoftimesmorethanoursun.Inoneofthem,thetotalweightofallitsstarsmaybeasmuchas100billiontimesgreaterthanoursun.ThePennsylvaniaStateUniversitysJoelLeja,whoalsotookpartin
15、thestudy,said,“Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformationintoquestion.”Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafromthe$10billionWebbtelescope,whichwasjustlaunchedoverayearago.UnlikeHubble,thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbca
16、nseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared(红外的)visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.Scientistshopetoeventuallyobservethefirststarsandgalaxiesformedfollowingthecreationoftheuniverse13.8billionyearsago.Theresearchersarestillwaitingforofficialconfirmation.“Itspossiblethatafewoftheobjectsmightnotbegalaxies,butblackholes.OneearlylessonfromWebbistoletgoofourexpectationsandbereadytobesurprised,”Labbesaid.“Nextyearitwilltellus.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了韦伯太空望远镜最近发现的六个疑似星系。5.Whatisspecialaboutthesixnewl
