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1、人教新课标版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit 4 Earthquakes句型突破1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠跑到地里找地方躲。 这句话中的looking for places to hide 是作ran out of the fields 的伴随状况，这是动词的现在分词形式的一个用法。现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 （1）现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。While reading the book, he nodd
2、ed from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。（2）现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Not knowing his address, I cant send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。 Many of us, being so excited, couldnt go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。 （3）现在分词短
3、语作结果状语。如： His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。 She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。 （4）现在分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如： They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天
4、上的星星。 Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。（5）现在分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如： A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small. 一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 注：现
5、在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。（6）“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+现在分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如： His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。 Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。 【学以致用】中译英1). 因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。_ 2). 没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。_ 答案:1). Not knowing his addr
6、ess, I cant send this book to him.2). Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.2.But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，went to bed as usual that night但是唐山市的一百万居民几乎没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉了。 who thought little of these events是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词people。Two-
7、thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。本句主语是the people，其前面有分数修饰。分数、百分数的构成及用法1)不同点：分数是由分子和分母构成的，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时分母用复数形式，中间连字符可有可无。带分数的构成：基数词+and+分数。如：13，one-third；35，three-fifths。温馨提示12，one second或aone half；14，one-fourth或aone quarter。而百分数是由基数词和百分号或percent构
8、成的。percent无复数形式，如：80，80 percent；2，2 percent。2)相同点：“分数或百分数+of+名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式根据其后名词或代词的单复数而定，其后若无名词或代词则根据所表示的含义而定。注意：后边为population时，动词用复数形式。例如：Two-thirds of the students in our class are boys.我们班三分之二的学生是男生。80of the people present at the meeting are women出席会议的人有80是妇女。Five-sixths of the mountain i
9、s covered with snow六分之五的山被雪覆盖。 80of the population in that country are farmers那个国家80的人口是农民。【学以致用】The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. A. isB. areC. wasD. were【解析】答案D。句意为：“公司大概有20部笔记本电脑，但仅有三分之一经常使用。” one-third所指的是“三分之一的电脑
10、”谓语动词应用复数。故选D。3.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。whose homes had been destroyed是定语从句，修饰先行词survivors；whose是who，which的所有格形式。They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover i
11、s green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。Mr. Zhang，whose hair is white，is our headmaster张先生是我们的校长。他的头发已经花白了。 We have our classes in the house , whose window faces south我们在那所房子里上课，它的窗户面朝南。【学以致用】1.Look out! Dont get too close to the house_roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. what 【解析】答案A此处用whose引导定语从句，who
12、se在从句中充当定语。句意为：当心！不要太靠近那个房顶正在维修的房子。2.Have you seen the film “Titanic”，_leading actor is world famous? A. its B. its C. whose D. which 【解析】答案C先行词在定语从句中作定语。句意为：你看过由世界著名演员演得泰坦尼克号电影吗？ 3.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _was very reasonable Awhich price Bthe price of which Cis price Dthe price
13、of whose【解析】答案B 。the price of which=whose price=of which the price句意为：最近我买了一件中国古代花瓶，花瓶的价格十分合理。 4. All hope was not lost. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. = Not all the students know how to deal with the problem. 并非所有的学生都知道如何解决个问题。I dont know all of them. 我并不认识他
14、们所有的人。表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容 “all, both, every, everybody, always” 等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定, 而“none, neither, nobody, nothing” 等表完全否定。如：Everyone doesnt like the story. = Not everyone likes the story. 并非每个人都喜欢这个故事。Nobody likes the story. 没人喜欢这个故事。Both of the students dont like the story. 并非这两个学生这个故事。Neither of the students likes the story. 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。【学以致用】中译英1). 并非这两个学生这个故事。_ 2). 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。_ 答案:1). Both of the students dont like the story.2). Neither of the students li
