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1、课时提能练(十二).阅读理解A(山东省临沂市2020届高三一模考试)We spend a third of our adult life working and another big part preparing for our careers. Historically, work was rarely seen as a source of meaning and purpose. During the vast majority of our 300,000year human evolution (进化), work was in fact pretty simple. We wor
2、ked to eat and avoid being eaten.Meaning and purpose came from somewhere else, like culture, art, or science.The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningfulis a rather modern, or rather postmodern, invention. Only one hundred years ago it would have been frequent to see
3、 workers who returned from a typical workday at factories complain to their folks that they didnt earn much or they were worn out but rare to see they complain they didnt experience a sense of purpose.Similarly, the idea that we ought to bring our “whole self” to work is a pretty novel and recent fo
4、rm of career advice. Its origins can be traced to William Kahn who invented the concept of employee engagement 30 years ago. His point was that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work roles. Some see work as merely a job and clock in and out every day, without bringing
5、their whole self to work. Work is just not a core aspect of their identities, and their concept of themselves is built on other social categories like mother，husband, American，captain of the local soccer team, etc.Others, however, have a very close psychological connection with their work roles, see
6、ing them as an essential thing intertwined (紧密相连的) with who they are. They dont just come to work. They are fully devoted to their careers and have a spiritual type of connection with their jobs. They are, it seems, almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics (工作狂) most companies long f
7、or.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。人的一生中，成年后大约有三分之一的时间都在工作，人们还用很多时间为职业做准备。然而从历史上来看，工作很少被看作人生意义和目标的来源。工作的意义以及全身心投入工作这些概念直到现代才出现。1Why did we spend much of our adult life working during the process of evolution?ATo prepare for future careers.BTo find the water sources.CTo help us evolve.DTo make us survive.D细节理解题。根据第一段
8、倒数第二句“We worked to eat and avoid being eaten.”可知，人类在进化过程中花大量时间劳动是为了获取食物，并且避免成为别人的食物，即为了生存，故选D项。2Why did the writer mention the workers a century ago?ATo help us find meaning at work.BTo prove that the idea was modern.CTo show us the bad old days.DTo complain about the experiences.B推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The
9、 idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningfulis a rather modern，or rather postmodern，invention.”可知，在工作中寻求意义这种概念直到现代才有，紧跟着提到一百年前的工人的例子正是为了说明这一点，故选B项。3Which of the following might William Kahn agree with?AEmployees have different understanding of their work roles.BEvery em
10、ployee must bring their whole self to work.CTo be devoted to work is a pretty novel idea.DWorkers core identity is built on art categories.A推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“His point was that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work roles.”可知，他认为员工们对于自己工作角色的认同程度是因人而异的，故选A项。4What kind of e
11、mployees do most companies favor?AThose who see work as a job.BThose who identify with their work roles.CThose who are fully devoted to their work.DThose who possess experience.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“They are，it seems，almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics(工作狂) most companies long for.”可知
12、，大多数公司期望工作狂类型的员工，故选C项。B(河北省唐山市20192020学年度高三年级摸底考试)We have heard some interesting news about how 5G wireless technology might change our lives in the future.5Gshort for the 5th Generation Cellular Network Technology，promises the Internet speeds 50 to 100 times faster than current 4G systems.While 5G
13、is set to be used in some limited areas of America this year, much of the world is not expected to receive widely available service until 2023.One project in Britain, however，is already testing this superfast technology on an unlikely group of the Internet userscows. The project was developed by Cis
14、co Systems, an American technology company.It also receives money from the British government. Cisco says the program seeks to explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural areas around the world.Testing areas were set up on farms in three rural areas in England. The cows are equipped with 5Gconnec
15、ted devices that link up to a robotic milking system, which uses sensors and machine learning to fully automate the process. System designers say technology takes over after a cow feels ready to be milked and walks toward an automatic gate. The device is designed to recognize each individual cow. It
16、 then positions equipment to the right body position for milking. During the process, machines release food for the cow as a reward.Other 5G technology tools include automated brushes that start when the cow rubs against them. Sensors also control the amount of light in the cows living areas depending on the weather. And an automatic feeding system makes sure the animals always
