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1、 2022年6月四级真题与答案5Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singl
2、e line through the centre. Passage One Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing thedisputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of som
3、e top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees” errors, of which there were 61 over the tournamen
4、t. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the offic
5、ials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed
6、 of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, football”s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard ofrefereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to k
7、eep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFA”s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may bemisguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _.A) review
8、the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) as high as in a standard match 52. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _. A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 199
9、8 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match 53. The findings of the experiment show that _. A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely wi
10、ll errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 54. The word “officials“ (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to _. A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the s
11、ite of the experiment 55. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D)An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.
