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1、 016年全国英语等级考试pets-3三级经典语法辅导(2)it 与there be的用法 I.要点 1、it的用法 (1)用作人称代词，代替前文提到的无生命的事物，动植物、婴儿及指示代词this, that，如， I have a new pen. It is beautiful. The Browns have a new baby. It”s cute. (2)用来表示时间、天气、距离等，如，It”s twelve o”clock now. It”s fine today. (3)用作引导词，代替由不定式，ing形式或从句表示的真正的主语或宾语，如， It”s no good telli
2、ng him that. It”s necessary for you to do so. (4)用在强调构造中，构成强调句式：It is/was +被强调局部+that/who/whom +句子其余局部，可强调除谓语以外的句子其他成分，如， It was this morning that I saw him in the street. It was I who saw him in the street this morning. It was in the street that I saw him this morning. It was him whom I saw in the
3、street this morning. 2、there be句型 英语表示某时某处或某物时，常用there be句型，这是一种倒装构造，如， There are a lot of students playing on the ground. There is going to be a test this afternoon. 当主语有两个或两个以上时，动词be常和最近的那个主语取得全都，如， There is a pen and three pencils in the pencil-box. There isn”t a desk, a bench and three chairs in
4、 the room. There are lots of people like it, aren”t there? there be句型，谓语动词除be之外，还可用其他表示存在，位置移动等意义的不及物动词或词组，如exist, stand, lie, enter, come, happen to be, appear to be等，如， There stands a house at the foot of the hill. there be句型表示“存在“而have表“有“、“拥有“，所以there be中 be不能换成have，但当have表示事物的特征时，可用“主语+have“构造替
5、换there be 句型，如： There are five doors in the house. The house has five doors. there be 的其它句型： 1、There must be a meeting in the office. 2、There have been great changes since 1979. 3、There being no bus, we had to walk home. I. 例题 例1 _ that he went to sleep. A It was until midnight B That was until midn
6、ight C It was not until midnight D That was not until midnight 解析：该题答案为C。强调until构造时，要将否认词not移到until前。又如：He didn”t leave until twelve 改为It was not until twelve that he left. 例2 There are a lot of students _ in the class room. A talk B talking C talked D to talk 解析：该题正确答案为B。 There be句型为倒装句，可换为A lot of students are talking in the class room. 又如：There is a lot of noise heard out in the street.
