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1、英语语法系统解析 记忆更方便 5英语语法系统解析(记忆更方便)！5 7.11不定式的特殊句型tooto1)tooto太以至于He is too excited to speak.他太激动了，说不出话来。-Can Ihelp you?需要我帮忙吗?-Well,Im afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it,but thank you all the same.不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。2)如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定，too后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意为不太。Its never too late to me
2、nd.(谚语)改过不嫌晚。3)当too前面有only,all,but时，意思是：非常等于very。Im only too pleased to be able to help you.我非常高兴能帮助你。He was but too eager to get home.他非常想回家。7.12不定式的特殊句型so as to 1)表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。Go in quietly so as not to w
3、ake the baby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。2)so kind as to-劳驾Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?劳驾，现在几点了。Why not+动词原形表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不?干吗不?例如：Why not take aholiday?干吗不去度假?7.14不定式的时态和语态时态语态主动被动一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have done to have been done完成进行式to have been doing 1)现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示
4、的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。He seems to know this.I hope to see you again.=I hope that Ill see you again.我希望再见到你。2)完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught acold.3)进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。He seems to be eating something.4)完成进行时：She is known to have be
5、en wreaking on the problem for many years.7.15动名词与不定式1)动名词与不定式的区别：动名词表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的2)接不定式或动名词，意义相同。3)动名词与不定式语义不同的有11组：1 stop to do stop doing 2forget to do forget doing 3remember to do remember doing 4regret to do regret doing 5cease to do cease doing 6try to d
6、o try doing 7go on to do go on doing 8afraid to do afraid doing 9interested to do interested doing 10 mean to do mean doing 11 begin/start to do begin/start doing 8.1 stop doing/to do stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stop doing停止做某事。They stop to smoke acigarette.他们停下来，抽了根烟。I must stop smoking.我必须戒烟了。典型例题Sh
7、e reached the top of the hill and stopped _on abig rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。8.2 forget doing/to do forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做)forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做)The light
8、 in the office is stil on.He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)Dont forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)典型例题-The light in the office is still on.-Oh，I forgot_.A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it
9、 off答案：C。由the light is still on可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。8.3 remember doing/to do remember to do记得去做某事(未做)remember doing记得做过某事(已做)Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。Dont you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?8.4
10、regret doing/to do regret to do对要做的事遗憾。(未做)regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)I regret to have to do this,but Ihave no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。I dont regret telling her what Ithought.我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。典型例题-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now Iregret _that.A.to do B.to be doing C
11、.to have done D.having done答案：D。regret having done sth.对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth.对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。8.5 cease doing/to do cease to do长时间，甚至永远停做某事。cease doing短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。That department has ceased to exist forever.那个部门已不复存在。The girls ceased chatting for amoment when their teacher pass
12、ed by.姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。8.6 try doing/to do try to do努力，企图做某事。try doing试验，试着做某事。You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。I tried gardening but didnt succeed.我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。8.7 go on doing/to do go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。go on doing继续做原来做的事。After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完数
13、学后，他接着去做物理。Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习8.8 be afraid doing/to do be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为怕；be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing是客观上造成的，意为生怕，恐怕。She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by asnake
14、.她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。She was afraid to wake her husband.她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。She was afraid of waking her husband.她生怕吵醒她丈夫。8.9 be interested doing/to do interested to do对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。interested in doing对某种想法感兴趣，doing通常为想法。I shall be interested to know what happens.我很想知道发生了什么事。(想了解)Im interested in working in S
15、witzerland.Do you have any idea about that?我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗?(一种想法)8.10 mean to doing/to do mean to do打算、想mean doing意味着I mean to go,but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.赠加工资意味着增加购买力。8.11 begin(start)doing/to do begin/start to do sth begin/start doing sth.1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.How old were you when you first started playing the piano?你几岁时开始弹钢琴?2)begin,start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do Iwas beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。3)在attempt,intend,begin,start后接know,understand,realize这类动词时，常用不定
