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1、考研考博-考博英语-西北大学模拟考试题含答案1. 翻译题大学之所以有理由存在，是因为它使老少两代人在富于想象力的学习中，保持了知识与生活热情之间的联系。大学提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，这是它应该为社会发挥的作用。一所大学如果做不到这一点，就没有理由存在。富于想象的思维可以营造出一种令人兴奋的氛围，而这种氛围又可以转化知识。事实不再只是纯粹的事实，它被赋予了种种可能性。它不再是记忆的负担，而是充满活力，犹如能描绘我们梦境的诗人，能实现我们意图的建筑师。【答案】The justification for a university is that it preserves the co
2、nnection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this re
3、spect has no reason for existence. This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a bare fact: it is invested with all its possibilities. It is no longer a burden on the memory: it is energizing as the poet of our dreams, and as the a
4、rchitect of our purposes.2. 单选题The Badlands National Park was established in South Dakota to preserve this weirdly beautiful region.问题1选项A.trulyB.strangelyC.exceedinglyD.impressively【答案】B【解析】句意：荒地国家公园是在南达科塔州建立的，旨在保护这个奇特的美丽地区。weirdly意为“古怪地，奇特地”。truly真实地；strangely奇妙地，不可思议地；exceedingly非常，极其；impressivel
5、y令人难忘地。选项B与之意思相近。3. 单选题He was meticulous in checking his accounts.问题1选项A.extremely slowB.incredibly quickC.excessively carefulD.unbelievably care【答案】C【解析】meticulous意为一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的。选项C与之意思相近。4. 单选题Hospitals define urgent care as medical care given to somewhat less （ ）medical problems than emergency car
6、e.问题1选项A.perplexingB.complexC.prudentD.pressing【答案】D【解析】perplexing 使人困惑的，令人费解的；complex 复杂的，合成的；prudent 谨慎的，精明的；pressing 紧迫的，迫切的。句意：医院将紧急护理定义为医疗问题比急救护理稍微不那么紧迫的医疗护理。选项D符合语境。5. 单选题None of us knows the name of that （ ）insect.问题1选项A.funny little redB.red little funnyC.little funny redD.red funny little【答
7、案】A【解析】多个形容词修饰名词的顺序为：限定词（数量）；外观；形状（大小，高矮，肥瘦），年龄，颜色，国籍，材料，用途。所以只有选项A正确。6. 单选题In early 19th century America, care for the mentally ill was almost non-existent: the afflicted were usually relegated to prisons, almshouses, or inadequate supervision by families. Treatment, if provided, paralleled other m
8、edical treatments of the time, including bloodletting and purgatives. However, in a wave of concern for the oppressed, some took action. Among these, Dorothea Dix was the leading crusader for the establishment of state-supported mental asylums. Through her efforts, the first state hospitals for the
9、insane were built in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. She and other reformers sought humane, individualized care, with the rich and the poor housed together to insure high standards for all. The movement was generated by social reform, but throughout the century, mental illness was probed and analyzed,
10、and “cures” prescribed by both the scientific and lay communities. “Moral treatment” was the predominating philosophy to cure the insane.This system was developed in late 18th century Europe, and by Benjamin Rush in the United States. It challenged the demonic explanations for insanity and emphasize
11、d the role of environment in determining character: improper external conditions could induce derangement. The “moral treatment” system was optimistic that an appropriate environment could facilitate cure, especially for those with acute (not chronic) afflictions. Essential to this theory was a phys
12、iological basis/for mental disorder: insanity was caused by brain damage. The brains surface was soft and malleable and physically altered by outward influence. This idea was closely related to phrenology, which assigned specific faculties to sections of the brain.The notion that mental illness resu
13、lted from physical impairment was rarely challenged, but the nature and treatment of ailments were continually debated. To find physical evidence for mental deficiencies, autopsies performed on mental patients to discover lesions or other abnormalities. Although progress was made in the diagnosis of
14、 somatic diseases like tumors syphilitic derangement, these efforts were frustrating and subjective. Also controversial was the fate of the chronically versus acutely ill: the differences between them, whether they should be housed together, and whether the chronically ill should be treated at all.1
15、.What is the passage mainly about?2.According to paragraph 1, the movement to establish state-supported mental asylums was motivated by concern for （ ）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the methods used in “moral treatment” were（ ）.4.According to the passage, phrenology was（ ）.5.Autopsies were performed on mental patients（ ）.问题1选项A.Care of the mentally illB.The influence of “moral treatment”C.The influence of Dorothea Dix and Benjamin RushD.Social and medical reform问题2选项A.inadequate care by familiesB.social reform
