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1、卧式设备之滑动端固定螺栓之锁固力API Std 660 -2007 Shell-and-tube Heat Exchangers7.3.2 Horizontal heat exchangers shall be provided with two or more saddles designed to support the heat exchanger under all specified conditions. Design of the saddles shall be as follows.a) Saddles shall be attached to saddle-bearing
2、plates.b) The bearing surface of the saddles shall be at least one-third of the circumference of the shell.c) The saddle-bearing plates shall have the same nominal chemical composition as the shell and shall be continuously welded directly to the heat exchanger shells.d) The saddle-bearing plates sh
3、all be provided with vent holes 6 mm (1/4 in) in diameter, located at the vertical centreline.e) The saddle-bearing plates shall be at least 6 mm (1/4 in) thick and shall have all corners rounded to a radius of at least 25 mm (1 in).7.3.5 For horizontal heat exchangers, slotted holes shall be provid
4、ed in the baseplate of all but one of the saddles, to allow for longitudinal movement due to thermal expansion or contraction. The width of the slot shall be equal to the anchor bolt diameter plus 8 mm (5/16 in). The length of the slot shall be equal to the anchor bolt diameter, plus the allowance f
5、or longitudinal movement, plus 8 mm (5/16 in).TEMA -9th Edition 2007 CodeG-7 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION FEATURES OF TEMA STANDARD HEAT EXCHANGERSG-7.1 SUPPORTSAll heat exchangers are to be provided with supports.*G-7.11 HORIZONTAL UNITSThe supports should be designed to accommodate the weight of the unit
6、and contents, including the flooded weight during hydrostatic test.For units with removable tube bundles, supports should be designed to withstand a pulling force equal to 1-1/2 times the weight of the tube bundle.For purposes of support design, forces from external nozzle loadings, wind and seismic
7、 events are assumed to be negligible unless the purchaser specifically details the requirements. When these additional loads and forces are required to be considered, the combinations need not be assumed to occur simultaneously.The references under Paragraph G-7.13 may be used for calculating result
8、ing stresses due to the saddle supports.Horizontal units are normally provided with at least two saddle type supports, with holes for anchor bolts. The holes in all but one of the supports are to be elongated to accommodate axial movement of the unit under operating conditions. Other types of suppor
9、t may be used if all design criteria are met, and axial movement is accommodated.E-2.13 FOUNDATION BOLTSFoundation bolts should be loosened at one end of the unit to allow free expansion of shells. Slotted holes in supports are provided for this purpose.=现场在设备安装过程中，卧式容器鞍座滑动端地脚螺栓一般配有两颗螺母，请问在哪本规范上提到此条
10、用两个的多是塔器或是动设备 : 双螺母固定，一螺母压紧，一螺母防松，通常应用于设备会产生振动的工况两个螺母并紧，防止松动。同时让支座仍能自由滑动1.卧式设备的固定端和滑动端是如何确定的？2.确定固定端和滑动端和哪些因素有关？（是否和管口位置有关？还是和内部结构有关？）当容器操作温度较高则容器受热后滑动端会产生一定的位移，因此，固定端应该设置在容器上有大接管或者较多接管的一侧，当接管数量相等或接近时应该设置在进料口或者因为操作关系而使接管有较大振动的一侧。滑动端地脚螺栓不要上紧，因为滑动端的螺栓孔是椭圆形的，大部分换热器之类的，热胀冷缩的原因，流出膨胀量，所以，不要上紧，适可而止，差不多就行了。卧式设备，在管道应力分析，有的时候也会确定设备的固定端和滑动端，需要考虑设备的温度材料，还有配管走向和设备的布置等，因此固定端和配管的限位点综合考虑，固定端和管道的固定点尽可能在同一段，使设备和管道可以向同一端滑动，使管口的受力较小。滑动端最直接的就是看设备底座的螺栓孔，如果是槽型的就是滑动端，如果是圆孔就是固定端！ SH/T 3542-2007 石油化工静设备安装工程施工技术规程
