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1、2022年考博英语-西北工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Desert plants（ ） two categories according to the way they deal with the problem of surviving drought.问题1选项A.break downB.fall intoC.differ inD.refer to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。break down “分解， 发生故障”；fall into “落入，分成”；differ in “在方面存在不同”；refer to “参考，涉及”。句意：沙漠中的植物根据其在干旱中的生
2、活方式可以分为两钟。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题The book is a vain attempt to（ ）the name of one of the worst dictators in modern history.问题1选项A.worshipB.glorifyC.adoreD.cherish【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。worship“崇拜；尊敬”；glorify“赞美；美化”；adore“崇拜；爱慕”；cherish “怀有（感情等）；抱有（希望等）”。句意：这本书试图去美化现代历史中最坏的独裁者之一的名字，但是失败了。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题Turning culti
3、vated land back into forests or pasture is a fundamental way to stem soil （ ）and desertification in the long run.问题1选项A.erosionB.depletionC.violationD.delusion【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。erosion “侵蚀，腐蚀”；depletion “消耗，损耗”；violation “违反”；delusion “欺骗，迷惑”。句意：将耕地退耕为森林或者草原是阻止土壤侵蚀和荒漠化的根本方法。选项A符合题意。4. 翻译题通过向湖泊、河流，溪流
4、及其他积水地投放石灰可以缓解酸雨所带来的损失。石灰可以缓解酸化的一些征兆，但并非真正的解决方法，对于许多湖泊和流动水体都不太现实，而且也不能解决问题的病根。在污染源降低到一个令人满意的水平之前，我们应该把它看作是一种临时性应付措施。永久性的解决办法就是首先要减少污染源。在保护水和森林方面的严格的控制所起到的作用以外，他们还将在防止腐蚀方面挽救数以百万计的美元的损失。The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such
5、 that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you
6、can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.【答案】Acid rain can be mitigated by pouring lime into lakes, rivers and streams and other catchments. Lime may alleviate some of the s
7、ymptoms of acidification, but its not a real solution, for it is unpractical for many lakes and running water. Furthermore, it cannot solve the root cause of the problems. Before reducing the sources of pollution to a satisfied level, we should regard lime as a temporary measure. The permanent solut
8、ion is first to decrease the source of pollution. Besides the effects produced by the strict controls in terms of protecting water sources and forests, they will save millions of dollars in aspects of corrosion prevention.城市环境应该尽可能多地提供一些休闲活动，并且这些活动的设计要能够让更多的义务活动也有休闲的一面。如果不能在社区里面愉悦地散步，如果孩子们不允许在街道上玩耍，
9、因为街上交通风险太大，如果在购物期间不能找到一个场所享受片刻的好天气，总而言之，如果你只有在自己房子的临街大门被关在身后时才感觉在家里的话，那最好的生活标准其实都无关紧要了。5. 单选题I didnt ignore her（ ）.I just didnt recognize her.问题1选项A.attentivelyB.intensivelyC.intentionallyD.intensely【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。attentively “注意地；聚精会神地”；intensively “强烈地；集中地”；intentionally “故意地；有意地”；intensely “强烈
10、地；紧张地；热情地”。句意：我不是有意忽视她，只是没认出她。选项C符合题意。6. 单选题Because of its excellence in quality, for the last two years, Audi car has（ ）Germanys Touring Car Championship.问题1选项A.conqueredB.contestedC.dominatedD.determined【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。conquer “战胜；征服”；contest “争辩；争论”；dominate “控制；支配”；determine “确定；判决”。句意：由于质量卓越，
11、因此在过去的两年里，奥迪车已经统治了房车锦标赛。选项C符合题意。7. 单选题The prodigal son（ ）his large inheritance in a few years of heavy spending.问题1选项A.inheritedB.receivedC.accumulatedD.dissipated【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。inherit“继承”；receive“收到；接待”；accumulate“积攒”；dissipate “浪费；使 消散”。句意：那个花钱大手大脚的败家子短短几年就把那一大笔遗产挥霍掉了。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题The（ ）of “s
12、nake” is simply this: a legless reptile with a long, thin body.问题1选项A.connotationB.denominationC.donationD.denotation【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。connotation “内涵；含蓄”；denomination “面额；名称；教派”；donation “捐款；捐赠物；捐赠”；denotation “符号；表示；意义”。句意：“蛇”的字面意思是：一种有着长而细的身体的无腿爬行动物。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题With her last child having left h
13、ome, she felt a（ ）need to fill her time.问题1选项A.tenseB.thoroughC.pressingD.small【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。tense “紧张的”；thorough “彻底的；十分的”；pressing “紧迫的；迫切的；small “小的；少的；微弱的”。句意：随着最后一个小孩离家，她迫切需要填满她的时间。选项C符合题意。10. 翻译题在学问上打下坚实的基础将使你终生受益。在学习的初级阶段，学校所有科目中最重要的是语言和数学。语言是阅读和交流的工具，中文不好，你就不能很好地表达自己；没有很好的掌握一门外语，你就会发现很难
14、吸收外国的新知识。数学能训练人的逻辑思维。 其他学科也各有用处，很难说哪一门更重要。比如，体育和音乐教育对于促进人的智力发展同样是重要的。The first beginnings of the theory may be prompted by casual observation and experience. In these first probes toward theory, description of facts makes up most share of the effort. Increasing sophistication and rigor leads to a gr
15、owing concern with testing tentative theories using carefully selected data and a variety of statistical techniques. In these later developments, the subject matter of a discipline becomes increasingly theoretical and deductive, rather than empirical and descriptive.【答案】Laying a solid foundation for study will work for all your life. In the rudimentary stage of learning, the most impo
