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1、2011全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题（一）Section I Use of EnglishWhat impact can mobile phones have on their users health? Many individuals are concerned about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation from handsets and base stations, 1 the lack of credible evidence of any harm. But evidence for the beneficial
2、effects of mobile phones on health is rather more 2 . Indeed, a systematic review 3 by Rifat Atun and his colleagues at Imperial College, rounds up 4 of the use of text-messaging in the 5 of health care. These uses 6 three categories: efficiency gains; public-health gains; and direct benefits to pat
3、ients by 7 text-messaging into treatment regimes.Using texting to 8 efficiency is not profound science, but big savings can be achieved. Several 9 carried out in England have found that the use of text-messaging reminders 10 the number of missed appointments with family doctors by 26-39%, and the nu
4、mber of missed hospital appointments by 33-50%. If such schemes were 11 nationally, this would translate 12 annual savings of 256-364 million.Text messages can also be a good way to deliver public-health information, particularly to groups 13 are hard to reach by other means. Text messages have been
5、 used in India to 14 people about the World Health Organizations strategy to control lung disease. In Iraq, text messages were used to support a 15 to immunize nearly 5 million children 16 paralysis. 17 , there are the uses of text-messaging as part of a treatment regime. These involve sending remin
6、ders to patients to 18 their medicine, or to encourage accordance with exercise regimes. However, Dr. Rifat notes that the evidence for the effectiveness of such schemes is generally 19 , and more quantitative research is 20 .1. A so B even C despite D and2. A interesting B abundant C clear D reason
7、able3. A went B came C performed D turned4. A approaches B situations C problems D examples5. A reality B reorganization C delivery D discovery6. A fall into B sum up C associate with D subject to7. A cooperating B incorporating C adapting D adopting8. A rise B boost C produce D encourage9. A questi
8、ons B incidents C cases D trials10. A reduces B degrades C deserves D drops11. A called upon B switched to C rolled out D went through12. A into B for C on D from13. A what B whose C which D who14. A ask B inform C adopt D contact15. A campaign B event C decision D communicationSection II Reading Co
9、mprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B，C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Prudent investors learned long ago that putting your eggs into lots of baskets reduces risk. Conservationists have now hit on
10、a similar idea: a population of endangered animals will have a better chance of survival if it is divided into interconnected groups. The prospects of the species will be better because the chance that all the constituent subpopulations will die out at the same time is low. And, in the long term, it
11、 matters little if one or two groups do disappear, because immigrants from better-faring patches will eventually reestablish the species old haunts.One endangered species divided in just this way is the worlds rarest carnivore, the Ethiopian wolf, which lives high in the meadows of the Bale Mountain
12、s. Just 350 exist in three pockets of meadow connected by narrow valleys in the Bale Mountains National Park, with a further 150 outside this area.Two of the main threats to the Ethiopian wolf come from diseases carried by domestic dogs. One of these, rabies, is of particular concern because it is e
13、pidemic in the dog population. At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. It would be ambitious, because the prevailing thinking that all individuals matter and therefore all outbreaks of disease should be completely halted implies that a large proportion of wolve
14、s would need to be vaccinated.Dan Haydon, of the University of Glasgow, and his colleagues believe that conservation biologists should think differently. With the exception of humans, species are important but individuals are not. Some outbreaks of disease can be tolerated. In a paper published this
15、 week in Nature, they recast the mathematics of vaccination with this in mind.On epidemiologists standard assumption that every individual counts, vaccination programmes are intended to prevent epidemics by ensuring that each infected animal, on average, passes the disease on to less than one healthy animal. This implies that around two-thirds of all the wolves would need to be vaccinated. A programme that sought to save a species rather than individual
