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1、2022年考博英语-中国传媒大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题It is a（）_truth that man is the only animal that has the power to speak and reason.问题1选项A.corporateB.virtualC.universalD.indefinite【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项corporate“法人的，共同的”。B选项virtual“虚拟的”。C选项universal“普遍的，全世界的”。D选项indefinite“不确定的，无限的”。句意：人类是唯一具有说话和推理能力的动物，这是一个公认的事
2、实。本句表示“人类是仅有的具有说话和推理能力的动物，这是一个普遍公认的事实。因此C选项符合题意。2. 单选题In the reading lesson, the teacher asked the students to read a few （）from Hemingways novel A Farewell to Arms.问题1选项A.piecesB.essaysC.fragmentsD.extracts【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项piece表示“片，段；部件；文章；作品”，B选项essay表示“散文；随笔；短文”，C选项fragment表示“片段，碎片，（文艺作品等）未完
3、成的部分”，D选项extract表示“摘录，引文”。根据后文关键词 from Hemingways novel A Farewell to Arms 可知，老师要求学生读的是海明威小说永别了武器中的摘录，因此，本题正确答案为D选项。3. 单选题Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his（）to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.问题1选项A.impressionB.reactionC.comprehensionD
4、.sentiment【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项reaction“反应”。B选项impression“印象，感想”。C选项comprehension“理解，包含”。D选项 sentiment“感情，情绪”。句意：有时，学生可能会被要求写他对某本书或文章的反应，这与正在研究的主题有一些关系。impression和 comprehension通常于of连用，reaction to sth.表示 “（对情况、行动、影响 等做出的）反应，回应”。因此B选项符合题意。4. 单选题The system has been designed to give students quick and ea
5、sy（）to the digital resources of the library.问题1选项A.acquaintanceB.accuracyC.accessD.acquisition【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。acquaintance “熟人；相识；了解”；accuracy “准确性”；access “进入；通道；有使用权”，与介词to搭配；acquisition “获得物，获得”。句意：这套系统设计的目的是为了让学生能快速并且容易使用图书馆资源。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题We can begin our discussion of “population as global
6、issue” with what most persons mean when they discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute. It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that bur
7、ns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.”To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at
8、 the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high morta
9、lity. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throug
10、hout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enth
11、usiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC. till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years,
12、 the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramat
13、ic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000 BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the worlds population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80
14、,000,000 persons annually.1. Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long, thin powder fuse analogy?2. During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because （）.3. Which statement is true about population increase?4. Th
15、e author of the passage intends to（）.5. The word “demographic”, in the first paragraph means（）.问题1选项A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lower mortality.问题2选项A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.B.there was higher mortality than
