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1、2022年考博英语-湖南农业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 不定项选择题What do video cassettes, ice cream, pizzas, whisky and bouquets of flowers all have in common? The answer is that in Japan they can all be bought from a vending machine. Japan boasts more vending machines per person than any other country in the world, with
2、one for every 22 people. America, by contrast, has one for every 46; the European Community only one for every 200.Japanese vending machines are also more productive. Sales per machine are almost two-thirds higher than in America, because the Japanese machines sell high-value products, like whisky,
3、as well as the usual Coca-cola and gum.Craving a cigarette or bar of chocolate? In America or Britain the nearest vending machine is probably vandalized, empty, or accepts only the right money in the wrong coins. Thanks to its low crime-rate and sophisticated electronics, Japans vending machines are
4、 much reliable. They are also less likely to run out, thanks to on-line monitoring of stocks.Despite what looks like saturation by anyone elses standards, the number of vending machines in Japan is set to grow. This is because the labor-saving advantages of vending machines have yet to be fully expl
5、oited. Declining birth rates, an aging population and tight controls on immigration are creating a shortage of low-wage workers in Japan and boosting the demand for ever cleverer machines. One of the fastest growing sectors is heated food such as pizzas. A vending machine can replace waitresses in h
6、amburger joints, ticket vendors in cinemas and counter staff in all-night stores.The latest craze is vending machines that sell love. Men looking for a girl-friend pay to have their vital statistics fed into the love machine including their name, telephone number and, most important of all, the kind
7、 of car they drive. Women drop in a few coins, and then choose the take-away man of their dreams.1. There is a vending machine for every 46 people（ ）.2. Which of the following items can be considered as high-value product?3. Implied but not stated（ ）.4. The shortage of low-wage workers in Japan is c
8、aused（ ）.5. Which of the following may be the title of the article?问题1选项A.in AmericaB.in JapanC.in FranceD.in the United Kingdom问题2选项A.Video cassetteB.PizzaC.Ice creamD.Whisky问题3选项A.The crime-rate of America is higher than that of JapanB.The crime-rate of the United Kingdom is higher than that of Ja
9、panC.The crime-rate of Japan is higher than that of BritainD.Both A and B问题4选项A.by tight controls on immigrationB.by an aging populationC.by declining birth ratesD.all above问题5选项A.Push-Button LoverB.Clever MachineC.Vending Machine in JapanD.Convenient Machine【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C【解析】第1题:事实细节
10、题。根据题干定位到第一段最后一句：Japan boasts more vending machines per person than any other country in the world, with one for every 22 people. America, by contrast, has one for every 46; the European Community only one for every 200.（日本拥有世界上人均最多的自动售货机，每22个人就有一台。相比之下，美国每46人就有1台，而欧共体每200人中只有1台。），从这里可以看出答案选A“美国”。B选
11、项“日本”，日本售卖机是每22人一台，不符合题意，这里属于反向干扰。C选项“法国”，法国是欧洲国家，欧洲人是每200人一台，不符合题意，这里属于反向干扰。D选项“英国”，英国是欧洲国家，欧洲人是每200人一台，不符合题意，这里属于反向干扰。第2题:事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第二段第一句话because the Japanese machines sell high-value products, like whisky, as well as the usual Coca-cola and gum（因为日本的机器销售高价值的产品，如威士忌，以及通常的可口可乐和口香糖）。第二步，综合理
12、解，文章有明显的指向，威士忌属于高价值产品，所以答案选D。A选项“录像磁带”，第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段第二三句话What do video cassettes, ice cream, pizzas, whisky and bouquets of flowers all have in common? The answer is that in Japan they can all be bought from a vending machine.（录像带、冰淇淋、披萨、威士忌和花束有什么共同之处？答案是，在日本，它们都可以从自动售货机买到），这里虽然有提到A项，但没有说这三种物品是高价值
13、产品不符合题意，这里属于出处错误。B选项“披萨”，见A选项解析。C选项“冰淇淋”，见A选项解析。第3题:事实推理题。第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到第三段第二三句话In America or Britain the nearest vending machine is probably vandalized, empty, or accepts only the right money in the wrong coins. Thanks to its low crime-rate and sophisticated electronics, Japans vending machines are
14、 much reliable.（在美国或英国，最近的自动售货机很可能遭到破坏、空无一物，或者只接受用错硬币装对的钱。由于日本的低犯罪率和先进的电子设备，自动售货机非常可靠）第二句讲到英美两国的售货机很可能遭到破坏，而第三句直接说日本的犯罪率低，所以这里就暗指英美两国的犯罪率会要比日本的高，所以答案选D选项“A、B都对”。A选项“美国的犯罪率比日本高”；由上可知，美国的犯罪率的确比日本的要高，但是没有说完全，属于以偏概全。B选项“英国的犯罪率比日本高”；由上可知，英国的犯罪率的确比日本的要高，但是没有说完全，属于以偏概全。C选项“日本的犯罪率比英国高”；由上可知，英国的犯罪率的确比日本的要高，这
15、里属于反向干扰。第4题:事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第四段第三句话Declining birth rates, an aging population and tight controls on immigration are creating a shortage of low-wage workers in Japan（出生率下降、人口老龄化以及对移民的严格控制，造成了日本低薪工人的短缺）第二步，综合理解，由此可知A选项“通过严格控制移民”；B选项“人口老龄化”；C选项“出生率下降”三个选项都是正确的，选择任意一个都会犯以偏概全的错误，所以答案选D选项“以上都是”。第5题:主旨大意题。第一步：文章行文结构，文章以疑问开始，讲述了自动贩卖机在日本的运用及普及，然后第二、三段讲述日本售卖机可以贩卖的商品，第四段讲述贩卖机在日本迅猛发展的原因，第五段讲的是贩卖机能够卖的匪夷所思的商品，全文是总分结构，都是围绕着日本的售卖机而来，所以答案选C选项“日本的自动售货机”。A选项“按钮的情人”是文章最后一段的内容，犯了以偏概全的错误。B选项“聪明的机器”只是在文章第四段有提及，犯了以偏概全的错误。D选项“方便的机器”。全文没有提到，属于无中生有。2. 不定项选择题Womens minds work d
