《英语句子成分划分公式》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语句子成分划分公式（12页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英语划分句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：one-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）to swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不
2、定式）smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）the rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）when we are going to have an english test has not been decided.（主语从句）it is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：he practic
3、es running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：you may keep the book for two weeks. he has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：we are students.our teacher of english is an american.（名词）is it yours?（代词）the weather has turned cold.（形容词）the speech is exciting.（分词）three times seven is twenty one?
4、（数词）his job is to teach english.（不定式）his hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）the machine must be out of order.（介词短语）time is up. the class is over.（副词）the truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： they went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）1how many diction
5、aries do you have? i have five.（数词）they helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）he pretended not to see me.（不定式短语）i enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）i think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：they elect
6、ed him their monitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如： his father named him dongming.（名词）they painted their boat white.（形容词）let the fresh air in.（副词）you mustnt force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语）we saw her
7、entering the room.（现在分词）we found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）we will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句）（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示： guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）china is a developing country; america is a developed country.（分词）there are thirty women teachers is
8、our school.（名词）his rapid progress in english made us surprised.（代词）our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）the teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词）he is reading an article about how to learn english.（介词短语）（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：ligh
9、t travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）he has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）he is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语） he is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）wait a minute.（名词）once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）状语种类如下：how about meeting again at six?（时间状
10、语）23二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（）、谓语（）、宾语（）：i hope you are very well. im fine, but tired. right now it is the summer vacation and im helping my dad on the farm. august is the hottest month here. it is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day i work from dawn until dark. sometimes we go on working a
11、fter dark by the lights of our tractors. we grow rice in the south of the states, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. we have a lot of machines on the farm. although the farm is large, my dad has only two men working for him. but he employs more men for the harvest. my brother takes
12、 care of the vegetable garden. it doesnt often rain in the summer here. as a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. every evening we pump water from a well. it then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（）、状语（）、补语（）：most saturday evenings there is a party, eve
13、n at harvest time. these parties often make us very happy. we cook meat on an open fire outside. its great! americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion. some of my friends drink beer. i dont, because i have to drive home after the party. in your letter you asked about the time in different ar
14、eas of the states. there are five different time areas in the states. in my state we are fourteen hours behind beijing time. how many different time areas do you have in china? well, i must stop and get some sleep. please give my best regards to your parents.4篇二：英语句子成分划分详解grammar of unit 1 different
15、 parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英语中，一般句子必须有主语和谓语），表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 句子成分分类1主语主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如： 讲述“谁”讲述“什么”the classroom is very big.数词
16、作主语three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语to operate on the blind is one of the orbis doctors job. 从句作主语what we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. 在“there be ”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如： 在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。如：it is very interesting.it took two workers about three months 2谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，3表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当
