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1、2022年考博英语-浙江大学考前拔高综合测试题(含答案带详解)1. 单选题The character of European education demands that the student develop (1 ) and social individuality. The American student is given a choice between relying on himself (2 ) on others.Scholastically, the fundamental difference is between the European lecture system
2、and the American discussion system. The European system is both the strength and the limit of European education. The strength is the challenge(3 )the student to rely on himself; the system imposes a limit because it is(4 ), and at times even cruelly, qualitative: only a few are able to survive.A se
3、cond difference is the American campus, a term which has no(5 )in Europe. There, the campus is formed (6 )by the various classrooms, faculty offices and laboratories. No extracurricular activities are carried on. The students and the professors go to the universities when they have classes and leave
4、 as soon as they are(7 ) The European universities provide no social life; on the (8 ), it creates an asocial atmosphere. The student (9 ) never organizes campus activities: everything is left to the(10 ) of the individual students.In the (11) of these considerations, I think I can answer the challe
5、nge of that pretty coed, though my answer is bound to be incomplete. My_(12) to the American educational system are two. The first(13)American students. What(14) me most about them is their conformity and their fear of (15). Perhaps campus life (16) by necessity to conformity. Almost every student b
6、elongs to at least two organizations. What is the(17) of this associative mania,(18)not the basic to be supported by people who think_(19) and sympathize with the same idea? Nobody likes being alone, but it seems to me that American students like(20)too much.问题1选项A.intellectualB.intangibleC.inquisit
7、iveD.ingenious问题2选项A.andB.orC.fromD.with问题3选项A.ofB.toC.forD.with问题4选项A.strictlyB.vigorouslyC.rigorousD.rigid问题5选项A.equationB.equalC.equatorD.equivalent问题6选项A.exceptionallyB.exclusivelyC.extraordinarily.D.extensively问题7选项A.awayB.outC.overD.in问题8选项A.contraryB.oppositionC.contrastD.conversation问题9选项A.b
8、odyB.unityC.structureD.constitution问题10选项A.creativeB.initiativeC.originalD.imaginative问题11选项A.lightB.accordanceC.correspondenceD.virtue问题12选项A.reactionsB.respondsC.repliesD.reflections问题13选项A.involvesB.concernsC.includesD.relates问题14选项A.appealedB.solicitedC.struckD.astounded问题15选项A.dependenceB.desol
9、ationC.relianceD.isolation问题16选项A.contendsB.intendsC.attendsD.tends问题17选项A.reasonB.excuseC.backgroundD.cause问题18选项A.whetherB.butC.ifD.as问题19选项A.likelyB.alikeC.likelihoodD.like问题20选项A.companionB.fellowshipC.mateD.company【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D第6题:B第7题:C第8题:A第9题:A第10题:B第11题:A第12题:A第13题:A第14题:C第1
10、5题:D第16题:D第17题:D第18题:B第19题:B第20题:A【解析】(1)intellectual智力的,聪明的;intangible无形的,难以理解的;inquisitive好奇的,好问的;ingenious精致的,心灵手巧的。句意:欧洲教育的特点要求学生发展智力和社会个性。选项A符合原文。(2)根据句意:美国学生可以选择依靠自己或者依靠别人。选项B符合句意。(3)根据原文句意:力量是学生依靠自己的挑战。(4)strictly严格的;vigorously活泼的,精力旺盛的;rigorous严厉的,严酷的; rigid严格的,僵硬的。根据下文:这个体系有时甚至是残酷地定性的:只有少数能
11、够生存下来。cruelly为副词,相应的,前面也应该填入副词,一起修饰形容词qualitative,所以选项A正确。(5)根据句子结构可知填空处应为名词。equation等式;equal对手;equator赤道;equivalent等价物。句意:这一术语在欧洲没有相对应的词。选项D符合原文。(6)exceptionally异常地,特殊地;exclusively唯一地,专有地;extraordinarily非常,格外地;extensively广阔地。句意:在那里,校园仅仅由各种教室、教师办公室和实验室组成。表示其单一性,选项B符合原文。(7)根据原文:学生和教授有课的时候就去学校,课程一结束就离
12、开。选项C符合句意。(8)on the contrary为固定搭配,表示相反的。根据句意:欧洲的大学不提供社会生活;相反,它创造了一种社会氛围。(9)student body指全体学生,是学生的总称。(10)根据原文:一切都在于学生自己主动。选项B符合句意。(11)In the light of为固定搭配,意为根据,按照,由于。选项A符合句意。(12)这里指我对美国教育体制的反应。选项A符合原文。(13)involves涉及;concerns关注;includes包括;relates通常与介词to搭配。句意:第一个涉及美国的学生。选项A符合句意。(14)appealed吸引;solicited
13、请求;struck打击;astounded使震惊。句意:最让我感到震惊的是他们的顺从和。选项C和D都有震惊的意思,但astounded的主语应该在前面,sb. astounded,所以选项C正确。(15)desolation废墟,荒芜;isolation孤立。原文应该指对孤立感到恐惧。选项D符合句意。(16)tends to趋向于。句意:也许校园生活必然趋于一致。选项D符合原文。(17)根据原文:这种联想狂热的原因是什么。cause表原因,符合原文。(18)but not指绝不是,除了之外。句意:但绝不是那些想法相同或者同情相同想法的人所支持的基础。(19)根据句中的the same idea
14、可知,这里应该指想法相同,think alike符合句意。(20)根据原文:没有人喜欢独处,但在我看来,美国学生太喜欢 了。companion指同伴,朋友,符合原文。Fellowship指友谊,奖学金; mate指助手,同事;company公司,同伴。2. 单选题The purpose of the official inquiry is to( )the true facts leading to the loss of the ship at sea.问题1选项A.come atB.come forC.come intoD.come over【答案】A【解析】动词词组辨析。come at达到,得到;come for向冲来;come into进入;come over过来。句意:官方调查的目的是查明导致船舶在海上失踪的真实情况。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题The more a nations companies( )factories abroad, the smaller that countrys