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1、ImportantQuotationsExplained1Duringthefouryearssincehispuppyhoodhehadlivedthelifeofasatedaristocrat;hehadafineprideinhimself,wasevenatrifleegotistical,ascountrygentlemensometimesbecomebecauseoftheirinsularsituation.ThisquotationisfromthebeginningofChapterI,“IntothePrimitive,”anditdefinesBuckslifebef
2、oreheiskidnappedanddraggedintotheharshworldoftheKlondike.AsafavoredpetonJudgeMillerssprawlingCaliforniaestate,Buckliveslikeaking一oratleastlikean“aristocrat”ora“countrygentleman,”asLondondescribeshim.Inthecivilizedworld,Buckisborntorule,onlytoberippedfromthisenvironmentandforcedtofightforhissurvival.
3、ThestoryofTheCalloftheWildis,inlargepart,thestoryofBucksclimbbacktothetopafterhisearlyfallfromgrace.Helosesonekindoflordship,the“insular”and“sated”lordshipintowhichheisborn,buthegainsamoreauthentickindofmasteryinthewild,onethathewinsbyhisowneffortsratherthanbyanaccidentofbirth.2.Hewasbeaten(heknewth
4、at);buthewasnotbroken.Hesaw,onceforall,thathestoodnochanceagainstamanwithaclub.Hehadlearnedthelesson,andinallhisafterlifeheneverforgotit.Thatclubwasarevelation.Itwashisintroductiontothereignofprimitivelaw,andhemettheintroductionhalfway.Thefactsoflifetookonafierceraspectand,whilehefacedthataspectunco
5、wed,hefaceditwithallthelatentcunningofhisnaturearoused.ThisquotationistakenfromlateinChapterI,“IntothePrimitive,”justafterBuckhasbeenbeatenrepeatedlybyoneofhiskidnappers.Eachtimeheisclubbed,Buckleapsuptoattackagain,untilfinallythemanknockshimunconscious.ThisincidentisBucksintroductiontoanewwayoflife
6、,vastlydifferentfromthepamperedexistencethatheledintheSantaClaraValley.There,civilizedlaw,andcivilizedmoralityweretherulingforces一symbolizedbythefactthathisfirstmaster,JudgeMiller,isajudge.Inthewild,though,Buckcomestotermswith“thereignofprimitivelaw,”inwhichmightmakesright,andamanwithaclub(orapowerf
7、uldog)candoashepleasestoweakercreatures.Inthisscene,Buckismasteredbythemanwiththeclub,buthelearnshislessonwellandsooncomestomasterothers.3Andnotonlydidhelearnbyexperience,butinstinctslongdeadbecamealiveagain.Thedomesticatedgenerationsfellfromhim.Invaguewaysherememberedbacktotheyouthofthebreed,tothet
8、imethewilddogsrangedinpacksthroughtheprimevalforestandkilledtheirmeatastheyranitdown.Thus,astokenofwhatapuppetthinglifeistheancientsongsurgedthroughhimandhecameintohisownagain.Thisquote,takenfromChapterII,showsthatasBuckfightsforsurvivalintheharshworldoftheKlondike,hereliesincreasinglyonburiedinstin
9、ctsthatbelongedtohiswildforebears.Theroleofthisatavisticdevelopment一“atavism”referstotherecoverybyananimalofbehaviorsthatbelongedtoitsancestors一pointstooneofthecentralthemesofLondonsnovel,namely,thewaythatprimitiveinstinctsandurgespersistbeneaththeveneerofcivilization.Throwasoft,civilizedcreature(hu
10、manoranimal)intothewild,Londonsuggests,andifhesurvives,he,likeBuck,willcometodependonthesameinstinctsthatguidedthelifeofhisprimitiveancestors.“Theancientsong,”inhisphrase,isonlywaitingfortherightopportunitytoemerge.4. Apauseseemedtofall.Everyanimalwasmotionlessasthoughturnedtostone.OnlySpitzquivered
11、andbristledashestaggeredbackandforth,snarlingwithhorriblemenace,asthoughtofrightenoffimpendingdeath.ThenBuckspranginandout;butwhilehewasin,shoulderhadatlastsquarelymetshoulder.Thedarkcirclebecameadotonthemoon-floodedsnowasSpitzdisappearedfromview.Buckstoodandlookedon,thesuccessfulchampion,thedominan
12、tprimordialbeastwhohadmadehiskillandfounditgood.ThesewordsconstitutethefinalparagraphinChapterIII9describingtheclimacticbattlebetweenBuckandSpitz.TheparagraphmarksthemomentthatBuckcomesintohisownbyvanquishingandkillinghisgreatrival,andthentakingSpitzsplaceastheteamsleaddog.Hehaslefthislifeasapampere
13、dpetfarbehind一nowheis“thesuccessfulchampion.thedominantprimordialbeast.”Throughoutthenovel,Londonsuggeststhatlifeinthewildisdefinedbyastruggleformastery,andtheBuck-Spitzduelisthecentralexampleofthisstruggle,themomentwhenBuckestablisheshimselfasamasterofthekill-or-be-killedethicofthewild.5. Eachdayma
14、nkindandtheclaimsofmankindslippedfartherfromhim.Deepintheforestacallwassounding,andasoftenasheheardthiscall,mysteriouslythrillingandluring,hefeltcompelledtoturnhisbackuponthefire,andtoplungeintotheforest.Butasoftenashegainedthesoftunbrokenearthandthegreenshade,theloveofJohnThorntondrewhimbacktothefi
15、reagain.ThisquotationisfromChapterVI,“FortheLoveofaMan,”anditdepictsthetensionbuildingwithinBuckduringhistimewithJohnThornton.Thorntonistheidealmaster,andhisrelationshipwithBuckrepresentsaperfectpartnershipbetweenmananddog.LondontellsusthatthisisthefirsttimethatBuckhastrulylovedahumanbeing.Yet,atthesametime,itisclearthatBucksdestinyliesinthewild,andsoheistornbetweentheurgesthatpullhimawayfromhumanityandhisintenseloyaltytoThornton.Thatlove,itbecomesclear,istheonlythingtyinghimtotheworldofmen一whichmeansthatwhenThorntoniskilled,thereisnothinglefttoholdhim,andheembraceshisdestinyasawildcreature.
